I-HPMC yodaka oluxutyiweyo olomileyo

Iimpawu ze-HPMC kudaka olomileyo oluxutyiweyo

I-1, i-HPMC kwiimpawu zodaka oluqhelekileyo

I-HPMC isetyenziswa ikakhulu njenge-retarder kunye ne-arhente yokugcina amanzi ngokomlinganiselo wesamente.Kwiziqendu zekhonkrithi kunye nodaka, kunokuphucula i-viscosity kunye nesantya sokunciphisa, ukuqinisa amandla okubambisana, ukulawula ixesha lokumisela i-samente, kunye nokuphucula amandla okuqala kunye nokuqina kwe-flexural static.Ngenxa yokuba unomsebenzi wokugcinwa kwamanzi, unokunciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi phezu komgangatho we-coagulation, unokuphepha ukwenzeka kweentanda emaphethelweni, kwaye unokuphucula ukubambelela kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa.Ngokukodwa kulwakhiwo, unokwandisa kwaye ulungelelanise ixesha lokumisela, ngokunyuka kwedosi ye-HPMC, ixesha lokumisa udaka liye landiswa;Ukuphucula ukusebenza kunye nokumpompa, kulungele ukwakhiwa koomatshini;Inokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kolwakhiwo kwaye ithintele imozulu yeetyuwa ezinyibilikayo emanzini kwindawo yesakhiwo.

I-2, i-HPMC kwiimpawu ezikhethekileyo zodaka

I-HPMC yi-arhente esebenzayo yokugcina amanzi kwidaka elomileyo, elinciphisa izinga lokopha kunye neqondo lokuhluza lodaka kunye nokuphucula ukuhambelana kodaka.I-HPMC inokuphucula ngokubonakalayo amandla okuqina kunye namandla okubopha udaka, nangona amandla okugoba kunye namandla acinezelayo odaka ancitshiswe kancinci yi-HPMC.Ukongeza, i-HPMC inokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo ukubunjwa kweentanda zeplastiki kudaka, ukunciphisa isalathiso sokuqhekeka kweplastiki yodaka, ukugcinwa kwamanzi edaka lokunyuka ngokunyuka kwe-viscosity ye-HPMC, kwaye xa i-viscosity idlula i-100000mPa•s, ukugcinwa kwamanzi akusekho. ukwanda kakhulu.Ukucolwa kwe-HPMC kwakhona kunempembelelo ethile kwisantya sokugcinwa kwamanzi kudaka, xa i-particle ilungile, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi lodaka liphuculwe, ngokuqhelekileyo lisetyenziselwa udaka lwesamente HPMC ubungakanani besuntswana kufuneka libe ngaphantsi kwe-180 microns (80 isikrini se-mesh) .Umxholo ofanelekileyo we-HPMC kudaka olomileyo yi-1 ‰ ~ 3‰.

2.1, udaka HPMC emva inyibilika emanzini, kuba umphezulu indima esebenzayo ukuqinisekisa izinto gelled ngempumelelo ukuhanjiswa efanayo kwinkqubo, kunye HPMC njengohlobo colloid ekhuselayo, "iphakheji" amasuntswana aqinileyo, kwaye kumphezulu wayo wangaphandle ukwenza a umaleko wokuthanjiswa ifilimu, ukwenza inkqubo ludaka luzinzile ngakumbi, kwakhona waphakamisa udaka kwinkqubo yokuxuba umbane kunye nokwakhiwa ukutyibilika inokuba nje ngokunjalo.

2.2 isisombululo se-HPMC ngenxa yeempawu zayo zesakhiwo se-molecular, ukuze amanzi edaka akukho lula ukulahlekelwa, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe akhululwe kwixesha elide, enika udaka lokugcinwa kwamanzi kunye nokwakhiwa.Ikhusela amanzi ukuba ahambe ngokukhawuleza ukusuka kumdaka ukuya kwisiseko, ukwenzela ukuba amanzi agciniweyo ahlale phezu kwezinto ezitsha, ezikhuthaza ukuhanjiswa kwe-samente kunye nokuphucula amandla okugqibela.Ngokukodwa, ukuba i-interface edibanisa nodaka lwesamente, i-plaster kunye ne-binder ilahlekelwa ngamanzi, le nxalenye ayinayo amandla kwaye phantse akukho mandla okudibanisa.Ngokubanzi, umphezulu wokudibana nezi zixhobo zizidumbu ze-adsorption, ngaphezulu okanye ngaphantsi ukufunxa amanzi athile ukusuka phezulu, okubangela le nxalenye ye-hydration ayigqibekanga, ukuze udaka lwesamente kunye ne-ceramic tile substrate kunye nethayile ye-ceramic okanye i-plaster kunye metope bond amandla ehla.

Ekulungiseleleni udaka, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC yeyona nto isebenzayo.Kuye kwangqinwa ukuba ugcino lwamanzi lunokufikelela kuma-95%.Ukonyuka kobunzima bemolekyuli ye-HPMC kunye nedosi yesamente kuya kuphucula ugcino lwamanzi kunye namandla ebhondi yodaka.

Umzekelo: ngenxa yokuba i-binder ye-tile kufuneka ibe namandla aphezulu okubambisana phakathi kwesiseko kunye ne-tile, ngoko ke i-binder ichaphazeleka yimiba emibini yamanzi e-adsorption;Isiseko (udonga) imiphezulu kunye neethayile.Ithayile ekhethekileyo ye-ceramic, umahluko womgangatho mkhulu kakhulu, ezinye iipores zinkulu kakhulu, izinga lokufunxa amanzi kwithayile yethayile liphezulu, ukuze ukusebenza kwebhondi kutshatyalaliswe, iarhente yokugcina amanzi ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye ukongezwa kweHPMC kunokuhlangabezana nale nto. imfuneko.

2.3 HPMC uzinzile kwiiasidi kunye neziseko, kunye nesisombululo sawo ngamanzi uzinzile kakhulu kuluhlu pH = 2 ~ 12. Isoda yecaustic kunye nekalika amanzi azinampembelelo kakhulu kwiipropati zayo, kodwa ialkali inokukhawulezisa izinga lokuchithwa kwayo, kwaye kancinane. ukuphucula i-viscosity.

2.4, ukongeza ukusebenza kodaka lwe-HPMC kuphuculwe kakhulu, udaka lubonakala "lunamafutha", lunokwenza udonga luzele, lugubungele ubuso, ukwenzela ukuba i-tile okanye izitena kunye nesiseko sokubambisana, kwaye inokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza, ilungele enkulu. indawo yokwakha.

2.5 HPMC luhlobo lwe electrolyte non-ionic kunye non-polymeric.Izinzile kakhulu kwisisombululo samanzi kunye neetyuwa zetsimbi kunye ne-electrolytes ye-organic, kwaye inokongezwa kwizinto zokwakha ixesha elide ukuqinisekisa ukuphuculwa kwayo kokuqina.

Inkqubo yemveliso ye-HPMC ikakhulu yifayibha yomqhaphu (yasekhaya) emva kwe-alkalization, i-etherification kunye nokuveliswa kwemveliso ye-ether ye-polysaccharide.Ayinayo intlawulo ngokwayo, kwaye ayiphenduli nge-ion ehlawulisiweyo kwizinto eziphathekayo ze-gelled, kwaye ukusebenza kwayo kuzinzile.Ixabiso liphantsi kunezinye iintlobo ze-cellulose ether, ngoko ke isetyenziswa ngokubanzi kumdaka owomileyo.

I-Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose HPMCumsebenzi kudaka olomileyo oluxutyiweyo:

HPMCunokwenza udaka olutsha oluxubeneyo lube ngqindilili ukuze ube ne-viscosity ethile emanzi, ukuthintela ulwahlulo.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi (i-thickening) nayo yeyona propati ibaluleke kakhulu, inceda ukugcina ubuninzi bamanzi asimahla kwi-mortar, ngaloo ndlela inika i-cementitious material ixesha elide lokukhupha emva kokuba udaka lufakwe.(ukugcinwa kwamanzi) umoya wayo, unokwazisa amaqamza amancinci afanayo, ukuphucula ukwakhiwa kodaka.

IHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether viscosity enkulu yokugcina amanzi ukusebenza ngcono.I-Viscosity yiparameter ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kwe-HPMC.Okwangoku, abavelisi be-HPMC abahlukeneyo basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo ukumisela i-viscosity ye-HPMC.Iindlela eziphambili ziyiHaakeRotovisko, Hoppler, Ubbelohde kunye neBrookfield, njl.

Kwimveliso efanayo, iziphumo ze-viscosity ezilinganiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zihluke kakhulu, ezinye zihluke kakhulu.Ngoko ke, xa uthelekisa i-viscosity, kufuneka iqhutywe phakathi kwendlela yokuvavanya efanayo, kubandakanywa ukushisa, i-rotor, njl.

Ubungakanani besuntswana, incinci incinci, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi.Amasuntswana amakhulu e-cellulose ether yokunxibelelana namanzi, umphezulu ngokukhawuleza unyibilike kwaye wenze ijeli ukusonga izinto zokuthintela iimolekyuli zamanzi ukuba zingaqhubeki nokungena, ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide lixhokonxa alinakuhlakazwa ngokulinganayo, ukubunjwa kwesisombululo esinodaka okanye iagglomerate.Ukunyibilika kwe-ether ye-cellulose yenye yezinto zokukhetha i-ether ye-cellulose.Ukulunga kukwayisalathisi sokusebenza esibalulekileyo se-methyl cellulose ether.I-MC yodaka olomileyo idinga umgubo, umxholo wamanzi aphantsi, kunye nokulunga kwe-20% ~ 60% ubungakanani beqhekeza elingaphantsi kwe-63um.Ukulunga kuchaphazela ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether.I-coarse MC idla ngokuba yigranular kwaye inokunyibilika ngokulula emanzini ngaphandle kwe-agglomerating, kodwa isantya sokunyibilika sicotha kakhulu, ngoko ke ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kudaka olomileyo.Kwidaka elomileyo, i-MC ihlakazwe phakathi kwe-aggregate, i-fine fillers kunye ne-cementing materials ezifana ne-samente, kwaye kuphela umgubo ococekileyo onokuthi uphephe i-clumping ye-methyl cellulose ether xa ixutywa namanzi.Xa i-MC yongeza amanzi ukunyibilikisa i-agglomerate, kunzima kakhulu ukuyichitha kwaye ukuyinyibilikisa.I-MC ene-coarse fineness ayigcini nje inkunkuma, kodwa inciphisa amandla wendawo yodaka.Xa udaka olomileyo olunjalo lwakhiwe kwindawo enkulu, isantya sokunyanga sodaka lwendawo esomileyo sincitshiswa kakhulu, okubangela ukuqhekeka okubangelwa lixesha lokunyanga elahlukileyo.Ngodaka lokutshiza ngomatshini, ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokuxuba, ukulunga kuphezulu.

Ngokuqhelekileyo, okukhona i-viscosity iphezulu, ingcono isiphumo sokugcina amanzi.Nangona kunjalo, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity kukuba, ubunzima be-molecular ye-MC buphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kokutshatyalaliswa kuya kuncipha ngokuhambelanayo, okunempembelelo embi kumandla kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka.Okukhona i-viscosity iphezulu, kokukhona kucaca ngakumbi umphumo wokuqina wodaka, kodwa awuhambelani nobudlelwane.Ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, udaka olumanzi luya kuba lunamathele ngakumbi, zombini ulwakhiwo, ukusebenza kwe-scraper enamathele kunye nokunamathela okuphezulu kwizinto ezisisiseko.Kodwa akuloncedo ukwandisa amandla okwakhiwa kodaka olumanzi.Ngamanye amazwi, ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag akubonakali ngexesha lokwakha.Ngokuchasene noko, i-viscosity ephantsi kodwa i-methyl cellulose ethers ehlaziyiweyo inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo ekuphuculeni amandla okwakhiwa kodaka olumanzi.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kukwanxulumene nobushushu bokusetyenziswa, kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose ether kuncipha ngokunyuka kwamaqondo obushushu.Kodwa kwisicelo semathiriyeli yokwenyani, iindawo ezininzi zodaka olomileyo zihlala zikwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu (elingaphezulu kwama-40 degrees) phantsi kwemeko yolwakhiwo kwindawo eshushu, enje ngokufakwa ehlotyeni kodaka lwangaphandle, oluhlala lukhawulezisa ukuqina kodonga. isamente kunye nokuqina kodaka olomileyo.Ukuncipha kwezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi kukhokelela kwimvakalelo ecacileyo yokuba zombini ukwakhiwa kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuchaphazelekayo.Kule meko, ukunciphisa impembelelo yezinto zokushisa kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.Ngokuphathelene noku, isongezelelo se-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether okwangoku sithathwa njengephambili kuphuhliso lobuchwepheshe.Nangona ukonyuka kwe-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose dosage (ifomula yasehlotyeni), ukwakhiwa kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka akukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa.Ngokusebenzisa unyango olukhethekileyo lwe-MC, olufana nokunyusa izinga le-etherification, umphumo wokugcinwa kwamanzi we-MC unokugcina umphumo ongcono phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, ukwenzela ukuba unokubonelela ngokusebenza okungcono phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.

I-HPMC ngokubanzi ineqondo lobushushu lejeli, inokwahlulwa ngokurhabaxa ibe yi-60, 65, 75 uhlobo.Udaka oluqhelekileyo oluxutywe kusetyenziswa amashishini esanti yomlambo kungcono ukhethe ubushushu obuphezulu bejeli 75 HPMC.Idosi ye-HPMC ayifanele ibe phezulu kakhulu, iphezulu kakhulu iya kwandisa imfuno yamanzi yodaka, iya kunamathela kwi-plaster, ixesha lokudibanisa lide kakhulu, lichaphazela ukwakhiwa.Iimveliso zodaka ezahlukeneyo zikhetha i-viscosity eyahlukileyo ye-HPMC, musa ukusebenzisa i-viscosity ephezulu ye-HPMC.Ngoko ke, nangona iimveliso ze-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose zilungile, kodwa kulungile ukukhetha i-HPMC efanelekileyo luxanduva oluphambili lwabasebenzi belabhoratri yeshishini.Okwangoku, baninzi abathengisi abangekho mthethweni kwikhompawundi kunye ne-HPMC, umgangatho uphantsi kakhulu, ilabhoratri kufuneka ibe kukhetho lweselulosi ethile, yenza uvavanyo oluhle, uqinisekise ukuzinza kweemveliso zodaka, unganqweneli ixabiso eliphantsi, kubangela ilahleko engeyomfuneko.