Hoʻohana CMC i ka meaʻai
ʻO ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium CMC) he carboxymethylated derivative o cellulose, i ʻike ʻia ʻo cellulose gum, a ʻo ia ka mea nui ionic cellulose gum.
ʻO ka CMC ka mea maʻamau he pūhui polymer anionic i loaʻa ma ka hana ʻana i ka cellulose kūlohelohe me ka caustic alkali a me ka waikawa monochloroacetic.ʻO ke kaumaha o ka molekala o ka hui mai kekahi mau tausani a hoʻokahi miliona.ka ʻāpana hui o kahi mole
No ka CMC ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka cellulose maoli.I kēia manawa, ua kapa inoa ʻia e ka Food and Agriculture Organization o United Nations (FAO) a me ka World Health Organization (WHO) he "cellulose hoʻololi ʻia".Ua hana ʻia ke ʻano synthesis o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose e German E.Jansen i ka makahiki 1918, a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka makahiki 1921 a hōʻike ʻia i ka honua, mai ia manawa ua kūʻai ʻia ma ʻEulopa.
Ua hoʻohana wale ʻia ʻo CMC no nā huahana crude, e like me ka colloid a me ka binder.Mai ka makahiki 1936 a hiki i ka makahiki 1941, ua ikaika loa ka noiʻi noiʻi ʻenehana o ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, a ua paʻi ʻia kekahi mau palapala hoʻonaʻauao.I ka wā o ke Kaua Honua II, ua hoʻohana ʻo Kelemania i ka CMC i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe synthetic ma ke ʻano he anti-redeposition agent, A ma ke ʻano he pani no kekahi mau gums maoli (e like me ka gelatin, gum arabic), ua hoʻomohala nui ʻia ka ʻoihana CMC.
Hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo CMC i ka petroleum, geological, kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, meaʻai, lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, i kapa ʻia ʻo "industrial monosodium glutamate".
01 MAHELE
Nā waiwai o ka CMC
ʻO CMC he pauka keʻokeʻo a melemele liʻiliʻi, granular a fibrous paʻa.He mea kemika macromolecular hiki ke hoʻopaʻa i ka wai a pehu.Ke pehu ʻia i loko o ka wai, hiki iā ia ke hana i kahi pulupulu mālohi.ʻO ka pH o ka hoʻokuʻu wai he 6.5-8.5.ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka mea i loko o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik e like me ka ethanol, ether, acetone a me chloroform.
Paʻa ka CMC paʻa i ka māmā a me ka mahana o ka lumi, a hiki ke mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi ma kahi maloʻo.ʻO CMC kahi ʻano cellulose ether.Hana ʻia ia mai ka linter pulupulu pōkole (maʻiʻo cellulose a hiki i ka 98%) a i ʻole pulp lāʻau, i mālama ʻia me ka sodium hydroxide a laila hana ʻia me ka sodium monochloroacetate.ʻO 6400 (± 1000) ka paona molekala o ka hui.ʻElua mau ʻano hoʻomākaukau: ke ʻano wai lanahu a me ke ʻano solvent.Aia kekahi mau mea kanu ʻē aʻe i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka CMC.
02 MAHELE
Nā hiʻohiʻona a me nā noi
ʻAʻole wale ʻo CMC he mea hoʻopaʻa emulsion maikaʻi a me ka mānoanoa i nā noi meaʻai, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi ka paʻa hau a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻono o ka huahana a hoʻolōʻihi i ka manawa mālama.
I ka makahiki 1974, ua ʻae ka Food and Agriculture Organization o ka United Nations (FAO) a me ka World Health Organization (WHO) i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CMC maʻemaʻe no ka meaʻai ma hope o nā haʻawina a me nā hoʻokolohua koʻikoʻi.ʻO ka intake palekana honua (ADI) he 25mg/kg ke kaumaha o ke kino/lā.
2.1 Mānoanoa a me ka emulsification paʻa
ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka CMC hiki ke pāʻani i ka emulsification a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā mea inu i loaʻa ka aila a me ka protein.ʻO kēia no ka lilo ʻana o CMC i colloid kūpaʻa akaka ma hope o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana i ka wai, a lilo nā ʻāpana protein i mau ʻāpana me ka uku like ma lalo o ka pale o ke kiʻi ʻoniʻoni colloid, hiki ke hana i nā ʻāpana protein i kahi kūlana paʻa.Loaʻa iā ia kekahi hopena emulsification, no laila i ka manawa like, hiki iā ia ke hoʻemi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili ma waena o ka momona a me ka wai, i hiki ke hoʻopiha piha ʻia ka momona.
Hiki i ka CMC ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa o ka huahana no ka mea i ka wā e haʻalele ai ka waiwai pH o ka huahana mai ka helu isoelectric o ka protein, hiki i ka sodium carboxymethyl cellulose ke hana i kahi ʻano paʻakikī me ka protein, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻa o ka huahana.
2.2 Hoʻonui i ka bulkiness
Hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka CMC i ka ice cream ke hoʻonui i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ice cream, hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wikiwiki o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hāʻawi i ke ʻano maikaʻi a me ka ʻono, a mālama i ka nui a me ka ulu ʻana o nā kristal hau i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana.ʻO ka nui i hoʻohanaʻia he 0.5% o ka nui.Hoʻohui ʻia ka ratio.
ʻO kēia no ka mea he maikaʻi ka mālama ʻana o ka wai a me ka dispersibility CMC, a hui pū ʻia i nā ʻāpana protein, nā momona momona a me nā molekole wai i loko o ka colloid e hana i kahi ʻōnaehana paʻa a paʻa.
2.3 Hydrophilicity a me rehydration
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia waiwai hana o CMC i ka hana ʻana i ka berena, hiki ke hana i ka ʻaʻahu honeycomb, hoʻonui i ka leo, hoʻemi i ka slag, a loaʻa pū ka hopena o ka mālama ʻana i ka mahana a me ka hou;ʻO nā noodles i hoʻohui ʻia me CMC he paʻa wai maikaʻi, kūpaʻa kuke a me ka ʻono maikaʻi.
Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia e ka molecular structure o CMC, ʻo ia ka cellulose derivative me ka nui o nā hui hydrophilic i ke kaulahao mole: -OH pūʻulu, -COONa pūʻulu, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hydrophilicity CMC ma mua o ka cellulose a me ka paʻa wai.
2.4 Gelation
Thixotropic CMC 'o ia ho'i, loa'a i nā kaulahao macromolecular kekahi helu o ka launa pū 'ana a me ka mana'o e hana i 'ekolu-dimensional hale.Ma hope o ka hoʻokumuʻiaʻana o ka hoʻolālāʻekolu, piʻi ka viscosity o ka hopena, a ma hope o ka hakiʻana o keʻanoʻekolu, e emi iho ka viscosity.ʻO ke ʻano thixotropic ʻo ia ka loli o ka viscosity e pili ana i ka manawa.
He koʻikoʻi ko Thixotropic CMC i ka ʻōnaehana gelling a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e hana i ka jelly, jam a me nā meaʻai ʻē aʻe.
2.5 Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻomaʻamaʻa, foam stabilizer, hoʻonui i ka ʻono
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka CMC i ka hana ʻana i ka waina e ʻoi aku ka momona a me ka momona, a lōʻihi ka hope;i ka hana ʻana i ka pia, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e like me ka stabilizer foam no ka pia, e hoʻonui ai i ka momona a mau loa a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻono.
ʻO ka CMC he polyelectrolyte, hiki ke komo i nā hopena like ʻole i ka waina e mālama i ke koena o ke kino waina.I ka manawa like, hui pū ia me nā kristal i hana ʻia, hoʻololi i ke ʻano o nā kristal, hoʻololi i nā kūlana o nā kristal i loko o ka waina, a me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ua.ʻO ka hui ʻana o nā mea.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Nov-07-2022