Carboxymethyl selulose (sodium carboxyme thyl selulose, CMC) ni carboxymethylated ikomoka kuri selile, izwi kandi nka selile, kandi nigifu cyingirakamaro cyane.
Ubusanzwe CMC ni anionic polymer compound yateguwe mugukora selile naturel hamwe na caustic alkali na acide monochloroacetic.Uburemere bwa molekile yikomatanya buratandukanye kuva kubihumbi kugeza kuri miliyoni.
CMC ni iy'ihindura rya selile karemano, kandi Ishami ry’ibiribwa n’ubuhinzi ry’umuryango w’abibumbye (FAO) n’umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS) babyise ku mugaragaro “selile yahinduwe”.Uburyo bwa synthesis ya sodium carboxymethyl selulose yahimbwe n’umudage E. Jansen mu 1918, kandi bwahawe patenti mu 1921 bumenyekana ku isi, hanyuma bugurishwa mu Burayi.
CMC ikoreshwa cyane muri peteroli, geologiya, imiti ya buri munsi, ibiryo, imiti n’inganda, izwi nka “monosodium glutamate yinganda”.
※Imiterere yimiterere ya CMC
CMC ni ifu yera cyangwa yoroheje yumuhondo, granular cyangwa fibrous ikomeye.Nibintu bya chimique macromolecular bishobora gukuramo amazi no kubyimba.Iyo yabyimbye mumazi, irashobora gukora kole ibonerana.PH yo guhagarika amazi ni 6.5-8.5.Ibintu ntibishobora gushonga mumashanyarazi nka Ethanol, ether, acetone na chloroform.
CMC ikomeye irasa neza nubushyuhe nicyumba, kandi irashobora kubikwa igihe kirekire ahantu humye.CMC ni ubwoko bwa selile ya selile, mubusanzwe ikozwe mumashanyarazi magufi (ibirimo selile igera kuri 98%) cyangwa ibiti byimbaho, bivurwa na sodium hydroxide hanyuma bigakorwa na sodium monochloroacetate, uburemere bwa molekile yikigo ni 6400 (± 1000).Mubusanzwe hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gutegura: uburyo bwamazi-amakara nuburyo bwo gukemura.Hariho nibindi fibre yibimera bikoreshwa mugutegura CMC.
※Ibiranga na porogaramu
CMC ntabwo ari nziza ya emulisifike gusa kandi ikabyimbye mugukoresha ibiryo, ariko kandi ifite ubukonje buhebuje no gushonga, kandi irashobora kunoza uburyohe bwibicuruzwa no kongera igihe cyo kubika.
Mu 1974, Ishami ry’Umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa n’ubuhinzi (FAO) n’umuryango w’ubuzima ku isi (OMS) ryemeje ikoreshwa rya CMC mu biribwa nyuma y’ubushakashatsi n’ibizamini bikomeye by’ibinyabuzima n’uburozi.Kwinjira neza (ADI) kurwego mpuzamahanga ni 25mg / kg uburemere bwumubiri / kumunsi.
※ T.inkoko hamwe na emulisiyo itajegajega
Kurya CMC birashobora kwigana no guhagarika ibinyobwa birimo amavuta na proteyine.Ni ukubera ko CMC ihinduka colloid itagaragara neza nyuma yo gushonga mumazi, hanyuma poroteyine zigahinduka uduce duto hamwe nubushakashatsi bumwe burinzwe na membrane colloidal membrane, ishobora gutuma uduce duto twa poroteyine duhagaze neza.Ifite ingaruka zimwe na zimwe za emulisitiya, bityo irashobora kugabanya ubukana bwubuso hagati yibinure namazi icyarimwe, kugirango ibinure bishobore kwigana neza.
CMC irashobora guteza imbere ibicuruzwa, kuko mugihe pH agaciro k'ibicuruzwa bitandukanije na isoelectric point ya proteine, sodium carboxymethyl selulose irashobora gukora imiterere ihuriweho na poroteyine, ishobora kuzamura umutekano wibicuruzwa.
※Ongera ubwinshi
Gukoresha CMC muri ice cream birashobora kongera urugero rwo kwaguka kwa ice cream, kunoza umuvuduko wo gushonga, gutanga imiterere nuburyohe, no kugenzura ingano no gukura kwa kirisiti ya ice mugihe cyo gutwara no kubika.Amafaranga yakoreshejwe ni 0.5% yinyongera Yateganijwe.
Ni ukubera ko CMC ifite amazi meza kandi ikwirakwizwa, kandi ikomatanya ibice bya poroteyine, globules zibyibushye, na molekile zamazi muri colloid kugirango bibe sisitemu imwe kandi ihamye.
※Hydrophilicity na Rehydration
Uyu mutungo wimikorere ya CMC ukoreshwa mubusanzwe mugukora imigati, ushobora gukora ubuki bumwe, kongera ubwinshi, kugabanya dregs, kandi bikagira n'ingaruka zo kubika ubushyuhe no gushya;isafuriya yongeyeho na CMC ifite ubushobozi bwiza bwo gufata amazi, kurwanya guteka, nuburyohe bwiza.
Ibi bigenwa nuburyo bwa molekuline ya CMC, ikomoka kuri selile kandi ikagira umubare munini wamatsinda ya hydrophilique mumurongo wa molekile: -OH itsinda, -COONa, bityo CMC ifite hydrophilique nziza kuruta selile nubushobozi bwo gufata amazi.
Gelation
Thixotropic CMC isobanura ko iminyururu ya macromolecular ifite imikoranire runaka kandi ikunda gukora imiterere-itatu.Nyuma yimiterere-yuburyo butatu imaze gushingwa, ubwiza bwumuti bwiyongera, kandi nyuma yuburyo butatu bumaze gucika, ubwiza buragabanuka.Thixotropy phenomenon nuko impinduka zigaragara zijimye ziterwa nigihe.
Thixotropic CMC igira uruhare runini muri sisitemu ya gelling kandi irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora jele, jam nibindi biribwa.
Irashobora gukoreshwa nkibisobanuro, stabilisateur ifuro, kongera umunwa
CMC irashobora gukoreshwa mugukora divayi kugirango uburyohe burusheho kuba bwiza kandi bukize hamwe na nyuma yigihe kirekire;irashobora gukoreshwa nka stabilisateur ifuro mugukora byeri kugirango ifuro ikire kandi irambe kandi itezimbere uburyohe.
CMC ni ubwoko bwa polyelectrolyte, bushobora kugira uruhare muburyo butandukanye muri vino kugirango ubungabunge umubiri wa vino.Muri icyo gihe, irahuza kandi na kristu zakozwe, zihindura imiterere ya kristu, zihindura imiterere yo kubaho kwa kristu muri divayi, kandi bigatera imvura.Gukusanya ibintu.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukuboza-03-2022