Áljẹ́rà:Lati paarọ ọti-ọti polyvinyl ti kii ṣe ibajẹ (PVA), hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ti pese sile lati awọn igi hemp egbin ti ogbin, ati idapọ pẹlu sitashi kan pato lati ṣeto slurry naa.Polyester-owu ti a dapọ owu T/C65/35 14.7 tex ti ni iwọn ati pe iṣẹ ṣiṣe iwọn rẹ ni idanwo.Ilana iṣelọpọ ti o dara julọ ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose jẹ bi atẹle: ida pupọ ti lye jẹ 35%;ipin funmorawon ti cellulose alkali jẹ 2.4;Iwọn iwọn didun omi ti methane ati propylene oxide jẹ 7: 3;dilute pẹlu isopropanol;titẹ ifaseyin jẹ 2.0MPa.Iwọn ti a pese sile nipasẹ didapọ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ati sitashi pato ni COD kekere ati pe o jẹ ore ayika diẹ sii, ati gbogbo awọn afihan iwọn le rọpo iwọn PVA.
Awọn ọrọ pataki:eso igi gbigbẹ;hemp stalk cellulose ether;ọti polyvinyl;cellulose ether iwọn
0.Oro Akoso
Orile-ede China jẹ ọkan ninu awọn orilẹ-ede ti o ni awọn orisun koriko ti o ni ibatan.Ijade irugbin na jẹ diẹ sii ju 700 milionu toonu, ati pe iwọn lilo koriko jẹ 3% nikan ni ọdun kọọkan.Iye nla ti awọn orisun koriko ko ti lo.Ehoro jẹ ohun elo aise lignocellulosic adayeba ọlọrọ, eyiti o le ṣee lo ni kikọ sii, ajile, awọn itọsẹ cellulose ati awọn ọja miiran.
Ni lọwọlọwọ, sisọ idoti omi idọti silẹ ni ilana iṣelọpọ aṣọ ti di ọkan ninu awọn orisun idoti ti o tobi julọ.Ibeere atẹgun kemikali ti PVA ga pupọ.Lẹhin ti omi idọti ile-iṣẹ ti a ṣe nipasẹ PVA ni titẹ sita ati ilana tite ti wa ni idasilẹ sinu odo, yoo ṣe idiwọ tabi paapaa pa ẹmi ti awọn ohun alumọni inu omi run.Pẹlupẹlu, PVA nmu itusilẹ ati iṣipopada ti awọn irin eru ni awọn gedegede ninu awọn ara omi, nfa awọn iṣoro ayika to ṣe pataki diẹ sii.Lati ṣe iwadi lori rirọpo PVA pẹlu alawọ ewe slurry, o jẹ dandan ko nikan lati pade awọn ibeere ti ilana iwọn, ṣugbọn lati dinku idoti ti omi ati afẹfẹ lakoko ilana iwọn.
Ninu iwadi yii, hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) ni a pese sile lati inu awọn igi hemp egbin ti ogbin, ati ilana iṣelọpọ rẹ ti jiroro.Ati ki o dapọ hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ati iwọn sitashi kan pato bi iwọn fun iwọn, ṣe afiwe pẹlu iwọn PVA, ati jiroro iṣẹ ṣiṣe iwọn rẹ.
1. Idanwo
1 .1 Awọn ohun elo ati awọn ohun elo
Hemp igi, Heilongjiang;polyester-owu ti a dapọ owu T/C65/3514.7 tex;ara-ṣe hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose;FS-101, sitashi ti a ṣe atunṣe, PVA-1799, PVA-0588, Liaoning Zhongze Group Chaoyang Textile Co., Ltd.;propanol, Ere ite;propylene oxide, glacial acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, isopropanol, mimọ analytically;methyl kiloraidi, nitrogen mimọ-giga.
Kettle lenu GSH-3L, JRA-6 oni àpapọ oofa saropo omi wẹ, DHG-9079A ina alapapo ibakan otutu gbígbẹ adiro, IKARW-20 lori darí agitator, ESS-1000 sample iwọn ẹrọ, YG 061/ PC itanna nikan yarn agbara mita, LFY-109B computerized owu abrasion tester.
1.2 Igbaradi ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 2. 1 Igbaradi ti alkali fiber
Pin igi hemp naa, fọ o si awọn meshes 20 pẹlu pulverizer, fi iyẹfun hemp naa kun si 35% ojutu olomi NaOH, ki o si fi sinu otutu yara fun 1 .5 ~ 2 .0 h.Fun pọ awọn impregnated alkali okun ki awọn ibi-ipin ti alkali, cellulose, ati omi jẹ 1. 2:1.2:1.
1. 2. 2 Etherification lenu
Jabọ cellulose alkali ti a pese silẹ sinu kettle ifa, fi 100 milimita isopropanol kun bi diluent, fi omi 140 milimita ti methyl chloride ati 60 milimita ti propylene oxide, vacuumize, ati titẹ si 2.0 MPa, laiyara gbe iwọn otutu soke si 45°C fun wakati 1-2, ati fesi ni 75°C fun wakati 1-2 lati mura hydroxypropyl methylcellulose.
1. 2. 3 Post-processing
Ṣatunṣe pH ti ether cellulose etherified pẹlu acetic acid glacial si 6.5 ~ 7 .5, ti a fo pẹlu propanol ni igba mẹta, ati ki o gbẹ ni adiro ni 85 ° C.
1.3 Ilana iṣelọpọ ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
1. 3. 1 Ipa ti iyara yiyipo lori igbaradi ti ether cellulose
Nigbagbogbo ifaseyin etherification jẹ iṣesi oriṣiriṣi lati inu si inu.Ti ko ba si agbara ita, o ṣoro fun oluranlowo etherification lati wọ inu crystallization ti cellulose, nitorina o jẹ dandan lati darapọ ni kikun oluranlowo etherification pẹlu cellulose nipasẹ ọna gbigbọn.Ninu iwadi yii, a ti lo riakito ti o ni titẹ giga.Lẹhin awọn adanwo ti o tun ṣe ati awọn ifihan, iyara iyipo ti a yan jẹ 240-350 r/min.
1. 3. 2 Ipa ti ifọkansi alkali lori igbaradi ti ether cellulose
Alkali le ṣe iparun eto iwapọ ti cellulose lati jẹ ki o wú, ati nigbati wiwu ti agbegbe amorphous ati agbegbe kirisita duro lati wa ni ibamu, etherification n tẹsiwaju laisiyonu.Ninu ilana iṣelọpọ ti ether cellulose, iye alkali ti a lo ninu ilana alkalization cellulose ni ipa nla lori imudara etherification ti awọn ọja etherification ati iwọn ti fidipo awọn ẹgbẹ.Ninu ilana igbaradi ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, bi ifọkansi ti lye ti n pọ si, akoonu ti awọn ẹgbẹ methoxyl tun pọ si;Lọna miiran, nigbati ifọkansi ti lye dinku, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose akoonu ipilẹ jẹ tobi.Awọn akoonu ti methoxy ẹgbẹ jẹ taara iwon si awọn fojusi ti lye;akoonu ti hydroxypropyl jẹ iwọn inversely si ifọkansi ti lye.Ida ibi-pupọ ti NaOH ni a yan bi 35% lẹhin awọn idanwo leralera.
1. 3. 3 Ipa ti alkali cellulose titẹ ratio lori igbaradi ti cellulose ether
Idi ti titẹ okun alkali ni lati ṣakoso akoonu omi ti cellulose alkali.Nigbati ipin titẹ ba kere ju, akoonu omi pọ si, ifọkansi ti lye dinku, oṣuwọn etherification dinku, ati pe oluranlowo etherification jẹ hydrolyzed ati awọn aati ẹgbẹ pọ si., ṣiṣe etherification ti dinku pupọ.Nigbati ipin titẹ ba tobi ju, akoonu omi dinku, cellulose ko le swollen, ko si ni ifaseyin, ati pe oluranlowo etherification ko le ni kikun kan si pẹlu cellulose alkali, ati pe iṣesi ko ṣe deede.Lẹhin ọpọlọpọ awọn idanwo ati titẹ awọn afiwera, o pinnu pe ipin ti alkali, omi ati cellulose jẹ 1. 2: 1.2:1.
1. 3. 4 Ipa ti iwọn otutu lori igbaradi ti ether cellulose
Ninu ilana ti ngbaradi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, akọkọ ṣakoso iwọn otutu ni 50-60 °C ki o tọju ni iwọn otutu igbagbogbo fun awọn wakati 2.Idahun hydroxypropylation le ṣee ṣe ni iwọn 30 ℃, ati pe oṣuwọn ifaseyin hydroxypropylation pọ si pupọ ni 50 ℃;laiyara gbe iwọn otutu soke si 75 ℃, ati ṣakoso iwọn otutu fun awọn wakati 2.Ni 50°C, ifasẹyin methylation ko ni fesi, ni 60°C, oṣuwọn ifaseyin lọra, ati ni 75°C, oṣuwọn ifaseyin methylation ti ni iyara pupọ.
Igbaradi ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose pẹlu iṣakoso iwọn otutu pupọ-pupọ ko le ṣakoso iwọntunwọnsi ti metoxyl ati awọn ẹgbẹ hydroxypropyl nikan, ṣugbọn tun ṣe iranlọwọ lati dinku awọn aati ẹgbẹ ati itọju lẹhin-itọju, ati gba awọn ọja pẹlu ọna ti o tọ.
1. 3. 5 Ipa ti ipin iwọn lilo oluranlowo etherification lori igbaradi ti ether cellulose
Niwọn igba ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose jẹ aṣoju ti kii-ionic adalu ether, awọn methyl ati awọn ẹgbẹ hydroxypropyl ti wa ni rọpo lori oriṣiriṣi awọn ẹwọn macromolecular hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, iyẹn ni, oriṣiriṣi C ni ipo oruka glukosi kọọkan.Ni ida keji, ipin pinpin ti methyl ati hydroxypropyl ni pipinka nla ati aileto.Solubility omi ti HPMC ni ibatan si akoonu ti ẹgbẹ methoxy.Nigbati akoonu ti ẹgbẹ methoxy ba lọ silẹ, o le ni tituka ni alkali to lagbara.Bi akoonu methoxyl ṣe n pọ si, o di ifarabalẹ si wiwu omi.Awọn akoonu methoxy ti o ga julọ, omi solubility dara dara, ati pe o le ṣe agbekalẹ sinu slurry.
Awọn iye ti etherifying oluranlowo methyl kiloraidi ati propylene oxide ni ipa taara lori akoonu ti methyl ati hydroxypropyl.Lati le mura hydroxypropyl methylcellulose pẹlu solubility omi to dara, ipin iwọn didun omi ti methyl kiloraidi ati propylene oxide ti yan bi 7: 3.
1.3.6 Ilana iṣelọpọ ti o dara julọ ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
Awọn ohun elo ifaseyin ni a ga-titẹ rú riakito;Iyara yiyi jẹ 240-350 r / min;ida pupọ ti lye jẹ 35%;ipin funmorawon ti cellulose alkali jẹ 2. 4;Hydroxypropoxylation ni 50 ° C fun awọn wakati 2, methoxylation ni 75 ° C fun wakati 2;oluranlowo etherification methyl kiloraidi ati propylene oxide olomi ipin iwọn didun 7: 3;igbale;titẹ 2 .0 MPa;diluent jẹ isopropanol.
2. Wiwa ati ohun elo
2.1 SEM ti hemp cellulose ati alkali cellulose
Ti o ba ṣe afiwe hemp cellulose ti a ko ni itọju ati hemp cellulose ti a tọju pẹlu 35% NaOH, o le rii kedere pe cellulose alkalized ni awọn dojuijako dada diẹ sii, agbegbe ti o tobi ju, iṣẹ-ṣiṣe ti o ga julọ ati iṣeduro etherification rọrun.
2.2 Infurarẹẹdi Spectroscopy Ipinnu
Cellulose ti a fa jade lati awọn igi hemp lẹhin itọju ati irisi infurarẹẹdi ti HPMC ti a pese sile lati hemp stalk cellulose.Lara wọn, okun gbigba ti o lagbara ati jakejado ni 3295 cm -1 ni okun gbigba gbigbọn gbigbọn ti ẹgbẹ HPMC ẹgbẹ hydroxyl, ẹgbẹ gbigba ni 1250 ~ 1460 cm -1 jẹ ẹgbẹ gbigba ti CH, CH2 ati CH3, ati gbigba gbigba. band ni 1600 cm -1 ni awọn gbigba iye ti omi ni polima gbigba iye.Iwọn gbigba ni 1025cm -1 jẹ ẹgbẹ gbigba ti C — O — C ninu polima.
2.3 Ipinnu viscosity
Mu ayẹwo cannabis stalk cellulose ether ti a pese silẹ ki o ṣafikun si beaker lati mura ojutu olomi 2% kan, mu u daradara, wiwọn iki ati iduroṣinṣin iki pẹlu viscometer kan, ati wiwọn iki apapọ fun awọn akoko 3.Awọn iki ti a pese sile cannabis stalk cellulose ether ayẹwo jẹ 11.8 mPa·s.
2.4 Ohun elo iwọn
2.4.1 Slurry iṣeto ni
A ti pese slurry sinu 1000mL ti slurry pẹlu ida kan ti o pọju ti 3.5%, ti a gbe soke pẹlu alapọpo, lẹhinna gbe sinu iwẹ omi ati ki o gbona si 95 ° C fun 1 h.Ni akoko kanna, ṣe akiyesi pe eiyan idana ti ko nira yẹ ki o wa ni edidi daradara lati ṣe idiwọ ifọkansi ti slurry lati pọ si nitori gbigbe omi.
2.4.2 Slurry agbekalẹ pH, miscibility ati COD
Illa hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ati iwọn sitashi kan pato lati mura slurry (1 # ~ 4 #), ki o ṣe afiwe pẹlu slurry agbekalẹ PVA (0 #) lati ṣe itupalẹ pH, miscibility ati COD.T/C65/3514.7 tex ti polyester-owu ti a dapọ mọ ti ni iwọn lori ẹrọ titobi ESS1000, ati pe a ṣe itupalẹ iṣẹ ṣiṣe iwọn rẹ.
O le rii pe hemp stalk cellulose ether ti ibilẹ ati iwọn sitashi pato 3 # jẹ agbekalẹ iwọn to dara julọ: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% sitashi ti a ṣe atunṣe ati 10% FS-101.
Gbogbo data iwọn jẹ afiwera si data iwọn ti iwọn PVA, ti o nfihan pe iwọn idapọpọ ti hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ati sitashi pato ni iṣẹ ṣiṣe iwọn to dara;pH rẹ sunmọ didoju;hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ati sitashi kan pato COD (17459.2 mg/L) ti iwọn idapọ sitashi kan pato jẹ kekere ti o kere ju ti iwọn PVA (26448.0 mg/L), ati pe iṣẹ aabo ayika dara.
3. Ipari
Ilana iṣelọpọ ti o dara julọ fun igbaradi hemp stalk cellulose ether-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose fun iwọn jẹ bi atẹle: riakito ti o ga-titẹ pẹlu iyara yiyi ti 240-350 r / min, ida ibi-pupọ ti lye ti 35%, ati ipin funmorawon kan. ti alkali cellulose 2.4, awọn methylation otutu ni 75 ℃, ati awọn hydroxypropylation otutu ni 50 ℃, kọọkan muduro fun 2 wakati, awọn omi iwọn didun ratio ti methyl kiloraidi ati propylene oxide jẹ 7: 3, igbale, awọn lenu titẹ jẹ 2.0 MPa, isopropanol ni diluent.
Hemp stalk cellulose ether ni a lo lati rọpo iwọn PVA fun iwọn, ati pe ipin iwọn to dara julọ jẹ: 25% hemp stalk cellulose ether, 65% sitashi ti a ṣe atunṣe ati 10% FS-101.pH ti slurry jẹ 6.5 ati COD (17459.2 mg/L) dinku ni pataki ju ti PVA slurry (26448.0 mg/L), ti n ṣe afihan iṣẹ ṣiṣe ayika ti o dara.
Hemp stalk cellulose ether ni a lo fun titobi dipo iwọn PVA lati ṣe iwọn polyester-owu ti o dapọ owu T/C 65/3514.7tex.Atọka titobi jẹ deede.Awọn titun hemp stalk cellulose ether ati títúnṣe sitashi adalu le ropo PVA iwọn.
Akoko ifiweranṣẹ: Kínní-20-2023