CMC Cellulose n'imiterere yayo

Ukoresheje ibyatsi selulose nkibikoresho fatizo, byahinduwe na etherification.Binyuze mu kintu kimwe no kuzenguruka, uburyo bwiza bwo gutegura carboxymethyl selile yiyemeje kuba: igihe cya etherification 100min, ubushyuhe bwa etherification 70℃, NaOH dosage 3.2g na monochloroacetic acide ya 3.0g, gusimburwa ntarengwa Impamyabumenyi ni 0.53.

Amagambo shingiro: CMCselile;acide monochloroacetic;etherification;Guhindura

Carboxymethyl seluloseni selile yakozwe cyane kandi igurishwa ether kwisi.Ikoreshwa cyane mugukoresha ibikoresho, ibiryo, umuti wamenyo, imyenda, gucapa no gusiga irangi, gukora impapuro, peteroli, ubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, ubuvuzi, ubukerarugendo, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, reberi, Irangi, imiti yica udukoko, amavuta yo kwisiga, uruhu, plastike no gucukura amavuta, nibindi, bizwi nka “inganda monosodium glutamate”.Carboxymethyl selulose nigikomoka kumazi ya selulose ether ikomoka muburyo bwo guhindura imiti ya selile.Cellulose, ibikoresho nyamukuru bibyara umusaruro wa carboxymethyl selile, ni umwe mu mutungo kamere ushobora kuvugururwa ku isi, ukaba utanga umusaruro wa toni miliyari magana.igihugu cyanjye nigihugu kinini cyubuhinzi kandi nikimwe mubihugu bifite umutungo wibyatsi byinshi.Ubwatsi buri gihe nimwe mubicanwa nyamukuru kubatuye mucyaro.Aya mikoro ntabwo amaze igihe kinini atezwa imbere, kandi munsi ya 2% yimyanda yubuhinzi n’amashyamba nkibyatsi bikoreshwa kwisi buri mwaka.Umuceri nigihingwa nyamukuru cyubukungu mu Ntara ya Heilongjiang, gifite ubuso bungana na miliyoni zirenga 2 hm2, umusaruro wa buri mwaka toni miliyoni 14 zumuceri, na toni miliyoni 11 zibyatsi.Abahinzi muri rusange babitwika mu murima nk'imyanda, ntabwo ari imyanda nini y’umutungo kamere gusa, ahubwo inatera umwanda ukabije ku bidukikije.Kubwibyo, kumenya imikoreshereze yumutungo wibyatsi nicyo gikeneye ingamba zirambye ziterambere ryubuhinzi.

1. Ibikoresho byubushakashatsi nuburyo

1.1 Ibikoresho byubushakashatsi nibikoresho

Straw selile, yakozwe muri laboratoire;JJ～Ubwoko 1 buvanga amashanyarazi, Uruganda rwibikoresho bya Jintan Guowang;SHZW2C andika RS-Pompe ya vacuum, Shanghai Pengfu Electromechanical Co., Ltd.;pHS-3C metero pH, Mettler-Toledo Co, Ltd.;DGG-9070A gushyushya amashanyarazi buri gihe ifuru yumisha ubushyuhe, Beijing Amajyaruguru ya Lihui Ibikoresho Byibikoresho Co, Ltd.;HITACHI-S ~ 3400N gusikana microscope ya electron, ibikoresho bya Hitachi;Ethanol;hydroxide ya sodium;aside ya chloroacetike, nibindi (reagent yavuzwe haruguru irasesenguye neza).

1.2 Uburyo bw'igerageza

1.2.1 Gutegura carboxymethyl selulose

.°C kuminota 80.Kangura hamwe na mixer kugirango uhuze neza.Muri iki gikorwa, selile ikora hamwe nigisubizo cya alkaline kugirango ikore alkali selile.Mu cyiciro cya etherification, ongeramo mL 10 yumuti wa 75% wa Ethanol na g 3 ya acide chloroacetic kuri flask yamajosi atatu yakiriye hejuru, uzamura ubushyuhe kuri 65-70° C., hanyuma ukore iminota 60.Ongeramo alkali kunshuro ya kabiri, hanyuma ongeramo 0,6g NaOH kuri flask yavuzwe haruguru kugirango ubushyuhe bugume kuri 70°C, kandi igihe cyo kubyitwaramo ni 40min kugirango ubone Na-CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose).

Kutabogama no gukaraba: ongeramo 1moL·L-1 hydrochloric aside, kandi itesha agaciro reaction yubushyuhe bwicyumba kugeza pH = 7 ~ 8.Noneho oza kabiri hamwe na 50% Ethanol, hanyuma ukarabe rimwe hamwe na 95% Ethanol, uyungurure unywe, hanyuma wumishe kuri 80-90°C kumasaha 2.

. hamwe na aside cyangwa alkali Igisubizo cyazanye pH yumuti kuri 8. Noneho tanga igisubizo cyikizamini hamwe nigisubizo gisanzwe cya acide sulfurike muri beaker ifite electrode ya metero pH, hanyuma urebe icyerekezo cya metero pH mugihe utanga titre kugeza pH ari 3.74.Andika ingano ya acide sulfurike isanzwe ikoreshwa.

1.2.2 Uburyo bumwe bwo gupima ibintu

(1) Ingaruka yubunini bwa alkali kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose: kora alkalisation kuri 25℃, kwibiza alkali muminota 80, kwibumbira mumuti wa Ethanol ni 75%, kugenzura ingano ya acide monochloroacetic reagent 3g, ubushyuhe bwa etherification ni 65 ~ 70°C, igihe cya etherification cyari iminota 100, kandi ingano ya hydroxide ya sodium yarahinduwe kugirango ikizamini.

.°C kuri 80min, ubunini bwumuti wa Ethanol ni 75%, ingano ya acide monochloroacetic reagent igenzurwa kuri 3g, etherification Ubushyuhe ni 65-70°C, igihe cya etherification ni 100min, kandi kwibanda kumuti wa Ethanol byahinduwe kubushakashatsi.

(3) Ingaruka yubunini bwa acide monochloroacetic kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose: gukosora kuri 25°C kuri alkalisation, shyira muri alkali muminota 80, ongeramo 3,2g ya hydroxide ya sodium kugirango ukore ibisubizo byumuti wa Ethanol 75%, ether Ubushyuhe ni 65 ~ 70°C, igihe cya etherification ni 100min, kandi ingano ya acide monochloroacetic ihinduka kugirango igerageze.

(4) Ingaruka yubushyuhe bwa etherification kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose: gukosora kuri 25°C ya alkalisation, shyira muri alkali muminota 80, ongeramo 3,2g ya hydroxide ya sodium kugirango ukore ibisubizo byumuti wa Ethanol 75%, ubushyuhe bwa etherification Ubushyuhe ni 65 ~ 70℃, igihe cya etherification ni 100min, kandi igeragezwa rikorwa muguhindura dosiye ya acide monochloroacetic.

(5) Ingaruka yigihe cya etherification kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose: yashyizwe kuri 25°C ya alkalisation, wongeyeho 3,2g ya hydroxide ya sodium, hanyuma ushiramo alkali kuri 80min kugirango uburinganire bwumuti wa Ethanol 75%, hamwe na monochlor igenzurwa Igipimo cya acide acetike reagent ni 3g, ubushyuhe bwa etherifike ni 65 ~ 70°C, hamwe na etherification igihe cyahinduwe kubigerageza.

1.2.3 Gahunda yikizamini no gutezimbere carboxymethyl selulose

Hashingiwe ku kintu kimwe cyageragejwe, kwaduka kwaduka kwisubiramo ya orthogonal kuzenguruka hamwe hamwe nibintu bine n'inzego eshanu byateguwe.Ibintu bine ni igihe cya etherification, ubushyuhe bwa etherification, ingano ya NaOH nubunini bwa acide monochloroacetic.Gutunganya amakuru bifashisha porogaramu y'ibarurishamibare ya SAS8.2 yo gutunganya amakuru, igaragaza isano iri hagati ya buri kintu kigira ingaruka no kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selile.amategeko y'imbere.

1.2.4 Uburyo bwo gusesengura SEM

Ifu yumye yumye yashyizwe kumurongo wintangarugero hamwe na kole yayobora, hanyuma vacuum itera zahabu, byaragaragaye kandi bifotorwa munsi ya Hitachi-S-3400N Hitachi isikana microscope ya electron.

2. Ibisubizo nisesengura

2.1 Ingaruka yikintu kimwe kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selile

2.1.1 Ingaruka yubunini bwa alkali kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose

Iyo NaOH3.2g yongewe kuri 2g selile, urwego rwo gusimbuza ibicuruzwa rwabaye rwinshi.Ingano ya NaOH iragabanuka, ibyo ntibihagije kugirango habeho kutabogama kwa selile ya alkaline selile na etherification agent, kandi ibicuruzwa bifite urwego ruto rwo gusimburana hamwe nubukonje buke.Ibinyuranye na byo, niba umubare wa NaOH ari mwinshi cyane, ingaruka zuruhande mugihe cya hydrolysis ya aside ya chloroacetike iziyongera, ikoreshwa ryumuti wa etherifing uziyongera, kandi ibicuruzwa byijimye nabyo bizagabanuka.

2.1.2 Ingaruka zo kwibanda kumuti wa Ethanol kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selile

Igice cyamazi mumuti wa Ethanol kibaho muburyo bwa reaction hanze ya selile, ikindi gice kibaho muri selile.Niba amazi ari menshi cyane, CMC izabyimba mumazi kugirango ikore jele mugihe cya etherifike, bikavamo reaction idahwanye;niba amazi arimo ari mato cyane, reaction izagorana gukomeza kubera kubura uburyo bwo kubyitwaramo.Mubisanzwe, 80% Ethanol niyo ikenewe cyane.

2.1.3 Ingaruka za dosiye ya acide monochloroacetic kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose

Ingano ya acide monochloroacetic na hydroxide ya sodiumi ni 1: 2, ariko kugirango uhindure reaction ku cyerekezo cyo kubyara CMC, menya neza ko hari ishingiro ryubusa muri sisitemu yo kubyitwaramo, kugirango carboxymethylation ikomeze neza.Kubera iyo mpamvu, hakoreshwa uburyo bwa alkali irenze urugero, ni ukuvuga ko umubyimba wa acide nibintu bya alkali ari 1: 2.2.

2.1.4 Ingaruka yubushyuhe bwa etherification kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose

Ubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwa etherification, niko umuvuduko wibisubizo byihuta, ariko reaction kuruhande nayo irihuta.Urebye kuringaniza imiti, kuzamuka kwubushyuhe ntibibangamira ishingwa rya CMC, ariko niba ubushyuhe buri hasi cyane, igipimo cyibisubizo kiratinda kandi igipimo cyo gukoresha imiti ya etherifingi ni gito.Birashobora kugaragara ko ubushyuhe bwiza bwa etherification ari 70°C.

2.1.5 Ingaruka yigihe cya etherification kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose

Hamwe no kwiyongera kwigihe cya etherification, urwego rwo gusimbuza CMC rwiyongera, kandi umuvuduko wo kwihuta urihuta, ariko nyuma yigihe runaka, reaction zuruhande ziriyongera kandi urwego rwo gusimburwa rugabanuka.Iyo etherification igihe ni 100min, urwego rwo gusimburwa ni ntarengwa.

2.2 Ibisubizo byikizamini cya orthogonal hamwe nisesengura ryamatsinda ya carboxymethyl

Birashobora kugaragara kumeza yisesengura ryibintu ko mubintu byambere, ibintu bine byigihe cya etherification, ubushyuhe bwa etherification, ingano ya NaOH nubunini bwa acide monochloroacetic bigira ingaruka zikomeye kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose (p <0.01).Mubintu byimikoranire, ibintu byimikoranire yigihe cya etherification nubunini bwa acide monochloroacetic, hamwe nibintu byimikoranire yubushyuhe bwa etherification nubunini bwa acide monochloroacetic byagize ingaruka zikomeye kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose (p <0.01).Urutonde rwingaruka zimpamvu zitandukanye kurwego rwo gusimbuza carboxymethyl selulose yari: ubushyuhe bwa etherification> ingano ya acide monochloroacetic> igihe cya etherification> ingano ya NaOH.

Nyuma yisesengura ryibisubizo byibisubizo bya kwadratic regression orthogonal rotation guhuza igishushanyo mbonera, birashobora kwemezwa ko uburyo bwiza bwo gukora uburyo bwo guhindura carboxymethylation ari: etherification igihe 100min, ubushyuhe bwa etherification 70℃, NaOH ikigereranyo cya 3.2g na acide monochloroacetic Igipimo ni 3.0g, naho urugero ntarengwa rwo gusimburwa ni 0.53.

2.3 Ibiranga imikorere ya Microscopique

Ubuso bwa morfologiya ya selile, carboxymethyl selulose hamwe na carboxymethyl selile ya selile yakozwe na scanne ya microscopi electron.Cellulose ikura muburyo bugaragara kandi busa neza;inkombe ya carboxymethyl selulose irakaze kuruta iyo selile yakuweho, kandi imiterere ya cavity iriyongera kandi ingano iba nini.Ni ukubera ko bundle imiterere iba nini kubera kubyimba kwa carboxymethyl selile.

3. Umwanzuro

3.1 Gutegura carboxymethyl etherified selulose Urutonde rwakamaro kimpamvu enye zigira ingaruka kurwego rwo gusimbuza selile ni: ubushyuhe bwa etherification> acide monochloroacetic dosage> igihe cya etherification> NaOH dosiye.Uburyo bwiza bwo guhindura imikorere ya carboxymethylation ni etherification igihe 100min, ubushyuhe bwa etherification 70℃, Igipimo cya NaOH 3.2g, aside aside monochloroacetic 3.0g, hamwe nimpamyabumenyi isimbuye 0.53.

3.2 Uburyo bwiza bwikoranabuhanga bwo guhindura carboxymethylation ni: igihe cya etherification 100min, ubushyuhe bwa etherification 70℃, Igipimo cya NaOH 3.2g, dosiye ya acide monochloroacetic 3.0g, impamyabumenyi isimbuye 0.53.