Cellulose ea CMC le Sebopeho sa eona sa Sebopeho

Ho sebelisoa selulose ea joang e le lisebelisoa tse tala, e ile ea fetoloa ka etherification.Ka ntlha e le 'ngoe le teko ea ho potoloha, maemo a nepahetseng a ho lokisoa ha carboxymethyl cellulose a ile a ikemisetsa ho ba: nako ea etherification 100min, mocheso oa etherification 70.℃, NaOH dosage 3.2g le monochloroacetic acid dosage 3.0g, the maximum substitution The degree ke 0.53.

Mantsoe a bohlokoa: CMCcellulose;monochloroacetic acid;etherification;phetoho

Carboxymethyl celluloseke ether ea cellulose e hlahisoang le ho rekisoa ka ho fetisisa lefatšeng.E sebelisoa haholo ho sesepa, lijo, sesepa sa meno, masela, khatiso le ho daea, ho etsa pampiri, peterole, meepo, meriana, lirafshoa, lisebelisoa tsa elektroniki, rabara, Lipente, chefo e bolaeang likokoanyana, litlolo, letlalo, polasetiki le ho cheka oli, joalo-joalo. joalo ka "industrial monosodium glutamate".Carboxymethyl cellulose ke motsoako oa ether o qhibilihang ka metsing o fumanoang ka ho fetola selulose ea tlhaho ka lik'hemik'hale.Cellulose, thepa e ka sehloohong e tala bakeng sa tlhahiso ea carboxymethyl cellulose, ke e 'ngoe ea mehloli e mengata ea tlhaho e ka nchafatsoang lefatšeng, ka tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea lithane tse limilione tse likete tse makholo.naha ea heso ke naha e kholo ea temo ebile ke e 'ngoe ea linaha tse nang le mehloli e mengata ea joang.Haesale lehlaka e le e 'ngoe ea libeso tse ka sehloohong tseo baahi ba mahaeng ba phelang ho tsona.Mehloli ena ha e so ntlafatsoe ka nako e telele, 'me ka tlase ho 2% ea litšila tsa temo le meru joalo ka joang li sebelisoa lefatšeng ka bophara selemo se seng le se seng.Raese ke sejalo se seholo sa moruo Profinseng ea Heilongjiang, e nang le sebaka sa ho jala se fetang limilione tse 2 hm2, tlhahiso ea selemo le selemo ea lithane tse limilione tse 14 tsa raese, le lithane tse limilione tse 11 tsa joang.Ka kakaretso lihoai li li chesa ka kotloloho tšimong e le litšila, e seng feela tšenyo e kholo ea lisebelisoa tsa tlhaho, empa hape e baka tšilafalo e tebileng tikolohong.Ka hona, ho lemoha tšebeliso ea lisebelisuoa tsa joang ke tlhokahalo ea leano la ntshetsopele e tsitsitseng ea temo.

1. Lisebelisoa le mekhoa ea liteko

1.1 Lisebelisoa le lisebelisoa tsa liteko

Lehlaka la cellulose, le iketselitseng laboratoring;JJ～Mofuta o le mong oa motsoako oa motlakase, Jintan Guowang Feme ea Teko ea Lisebelisoa;SHZW2C mofuta oa RS-Pompo ea vacuum, Shanghai Pengfu Electromechanical Co., Ltd.;pHS-3C mitha ea pH, Mettler-Toledo Co., Ltd.;DGG-9070A motlakase o futhumatsang mocheso o sa khaotseng oa onto ea ho omisa mocheso, Beijing North Lihui Test Instrument Equipment Co., Ltd.;HITACHI-S ~ 3400N ho hlahloba microscope ea elektronike, Lisebelisoa tsa Hitachi;ethanol;sodium hydroxide;chloroacetic acid, joalo-joalo (li-reagents tse ka holimo li hloekile ka mokhoa o hlakileng).

1.2 Mokhoa oa liteko

1.2.1 Tokisetso ea carboxymethyl cellulose

(1) Mokhoa oa ho lokisa carboxymethyl cellulose: Beha 2 g ea selulose ka har'a botlolo e melang e meraro, eketsa 2.8 g ea NaOH, 20 mL ea 75% ea tharollo ea ethanol, 'me u inele ka alkali ka ho hlapa metsi ka mocheso o sa feleng ho 25.°C bakeng sa 80 min.Hlohlelletsa ka mixer ho kopanya hantle.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ena, selulose e kopana le tharollo ea alkaline ho etsa alkali cellulose.Mokhahlelong oa etherification, eketsa 10 mL ea 75% ea tharollo ea ethanol le 3 g ea chloroacetic acid ho folaseke e melaleng e meraro e entsoeng ka holimo, phahamisa mocheso ho 65-70.° C., 'me u arabe metsotso e 60.Kenya alkali lekhetlo la bobeli, ebe u eketsa 0.6g NaOH ho botlolo ea karabelo e ka holimo ho boloka mocheso ho 70.°C, 'me nako ea karabelo ke 40min ho fumana Na-CMC (sodium carboxymethylcellulose).

Ho se nke lehlakore le ho hlatsoa: eketsa 1moL·L-1 hydrochloric acid, le ho fokotsa karabelo ka mocheso oa kamore ho fihlela pH = 7 ~ 8.Ebe o hlatsoa habeli ka 50% ethanol, ebe o hlatsoa hang ka 95% ethanol, sefa ka ho monya, 'me u omele ka 80-90.°C bakeng sa lihora tse 2.

(2) Boikemisetso ba tekanyo ea sebaka sa sampole: mokhoa oa ho lekanya metha ea acidity: Kala boima ba 0.2g (e nepahetseng ho isa ho 0.1mg) ea sampole e hloekisitsoeng le e omisitsoeng ea Na-CMC, e qhale ka metsi a 80mL, e tsose ka motlakase bakeng sa 10min, 'me u fetole e nang le asiti kapa alkali Tharollo e ile ea tlisa pH ea tharollo ho 8. Ebe o titrate tharollo ea teko ka sulfuric acid standard solution ka beaker e nang le electrode ea pH meter, 'me u hlokomele pontšo ea pH meter ha u ntse u titrating ho fihlela pH e le teng. 3.74.Ela hloko palo ea tharollo e tloaelehileng ea sulfuric acid e sebelisitsoeng.

1.2.2 Mokhoa oa tlhahlobo ea ntlha e le 'ngoe

(1) Phello ea palo ea alkali ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose: etsa alkalization ho 25℃, ho qoelisoa ka alkali ka metsotso e 80, mahloriso ka tharollo ea ethanol ke 75%, laola boholo ba monochloroacetic acid reagent 3g, mocheso oa etherification ke 65 ~ 70°C, nako ea etherification e ne e le metsotso e 100, 'me palo ea sodium hydroxide e fetotsoe bakeng sa tlhahlobo.

(2) Phello ea motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose: palo ea alkali e tsitsitseng ke 3.2g, ho qoelisoa ka alkaline ka ho hlapa metsi ka mocheso o sa feleng ho 25°C bakeng sa 80min, motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol ke 75%, palo ea monochloroacetic acid reagent e laoloa ho 3g, etherification Mocheso ke 65-70.°C, nako ea etherification ke 100min, 'me motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol o fetoloa bakeng sa teko.

(3) Phello ea palo ea monochloroacetic acid ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose: lokisa ho 25°C bakeng sa alkalization, inela ka alkali ka metsotso e 80, eketsa 3.2g ea sodium hydroxide ho etsa hore motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol e be 75%, ether Mocheso ke 65 ~ 70°C, nako ea etherification ke 100min, 'me palo ea monochloroacetic acid e fetoloa bakeng sa liteko.

(4) Phello ea mocheso oa etherification ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose: lokisa ho 25°C bakeng sa alkalization, inela ka alkali ka metsotso e 80, eketsa 3.2g ea sodium hydroxide ho etsa motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol 75%, mocheso oa etherification Mocheso ke 65 ~ 70℃, nako ea etherification ke 100min, 'me teko e etsoa ka ho fetola tekanyo ea monochloroacetic acid.

(5) Phello ea nako ea etherification ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose: e tsitsitseng ho 25°C bakeng sa alkalization, e kenyellelitsoe 3.2g ea sodium hydroxide, 'me e kolobisitsoe ka alkali bakeng sa 80min ho etsa hore motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol e be 75%, le monochlor e laoloang Tekanyo ea acetic acid reagent ke 3g, mocheso oa etherification ke 65~70.°C, 'me nako ea etherification e fetoloa bakeng sa teko.

1.2.3 Morero oa teko le ho ntlafatsa carboxymethyl cellulose

Motheong oa teko ea ntlha e le 'ngoe, quadratic regression orthogonal rotation e kopantsoeng le liteko tse nang le lintlha tse' nè le maemo a mahlano a entsoe.Lintlha tse 'nè ke nako ea etherification, mocheso oa etherification, palo ea NaOH le bongata ba monochloroacetic acid.Ts'ebetso ea data e sebelisa software ea SAS8.2 ea lipalo-palo bakeng sa ts'ebetso ea data, e senolang kamano lipakeng tsa ntlha e 'ngoe le e' ngoe e susumetsang le tekanyo ea ho nkela carboxymethyl cellulose sebaka.molao o ka hare.

1.2.4 Mokhoa oa ho hlahloba SEM

Sampole ea phofo e omisitsoeng e ne e tsitsitsoe sethaleng ka sekhomaretsi sa conductive, 'me ka mor'a ho fafatsa khauta ka vacuum, e ile ea hlokomeloa' me ea nkoa foto tlas'a microscope ea Hitachi-S-3400N Hitachi e hlahlobang electron.

2. Liphetho le tlhahlobo

2.1 Phello ea ntlha e le 'ngoe ho tekanyo ea ho fetola carboxymethyl cellulose

2.1.1 Phello ea bongata ba alkali boemong ba ho nkela sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose

Ha NaOH3.2g e kenngoa ho 2g cellulose, tekanyo ea ho fetola sehlahisoa e ne e le e phahameng ka ho fetisisa.Palo ea NaOH e fokotsehile, e sa lekaneng ho theha ho se nke lehlakore ha selulose ea alkaline le moemeli oa etherification, 'me sehlahisoa se na le tekanyo e nyenyane ea ho nkela sebaka le viscosity e tlaase.Ho fapana le hoo, haeba palo ea NaOH e le ngata haholo, karabelo ea lehlakore nakong ea hydrolysis ea chloroacetic acid e tla eketseha, tšebeliso ea etherifying e tla eketseha, 'me viscosity ea sehlahisoa le eona e tla fokotseha.

2.1.2 Phello ea motsoako oa tharollo ea ethanol ho tekanyo ea ho fetola carboxymethyl cellulose

Karolo ea metsi a motsoako oa ethanol e teng ka har'a selulose, 'me karolo e' ngoe e teng ka har'a selulose.Haeba metsi a le mangata haholo, CMC e tla ruruha ka metsing ho etsa jelly nakong ea etherification, e leng se hlahisang karabelo e sa lekaneng haholo;haeba metsi a le monyenyane haholo, karabelo e tla ba thata ho tsoela pele ka lebaka la khaello ea mokhoa oa ho arabela.Ka kakaretso, 80% ea ethanol ke sehlapi se loketseng ka ho fetisisa.

2.1.3 Phello ea tekanyo ea monochloroacetic acid ka tekanyo ea ho fetola carboxymethyl cellulose

Palo ea monochloroacetic acid le sodium hydroxide ke theoretically 1: 2, empa e le ho fetisetsa karabelo ho tataiso ea ho hlahisa CMC, etsa bonnete ba hore ho na le motheo o loketseng oa mahala tsamaisong ea karabelo, e le hore carboxymethylation e ka tsoela pele hantle.Ka lebaka lena, mokhoa oa ho feteletseng oa alkali o amoheloa, ke hore, tekanyo ea molar ea lintho tsa acid le alkali ke 1: 2.2.

2.1.4 Phello ea mocheso oa etherification ho tekanyo ea ho nkela sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose

Ha mocheso oa etherification o phahame, lebelo la karabelo le potlakile, empa maikutlo a lehlakoreng le ona a potlakisa.Ho ea ka pono ea ho leka-lekana ha lik'hemik'hale, mocheso o ntseng o phahama ha o rate ho thehoa ha CMC, empa haeba mocheso o le tlase haholo, lebelo la ho itšoara le lieha 'me tekanyo ea tšebeliso ea etherifying e tlaase.Hoa bonahala hore mocheso o nepahetseng bakeng sa etherification ke 70°C.

2.1.5 Phello ea nako ea etherification ho tekanyo ea ho nkela sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose

Ka ho eketseha ha nako ea etherification, tekanyo ea ho nkela sebaka sa CMC e eketseha, 'me lebelo la karabelo le potlakisa, empa ka mor'a nako e itseng, karabelo ea mahlakoreng e eketseha' me tekanyo ea ho fetola e fokotseha.Ha nako ea etherification e le 100min, tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka e ngata.

2.2 Liphetho tsa liteko tsa Orthogonal le tlhahlobo ea lihlopha tsa carboxymethyl

E ka bonoa tafoleng ea tlhahlobo ea phapang hore nthong ea mantlha, lintlha tse 'ne tsa nako ea etherification, mocheso oa etherification, palo ea NaOH le bongata ba acid e monochloroacetic li na le phello e kholo ho tekanyo ea ho nkela sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose (p. <0.01).Har'a lintho tsa tšebelisano, lintho tsa ho sebelisana tsa nako ea etherification le palo ea monochloroacetic acid, le lintho tsa ho sebelisana tsa mocheso oa etherification le palo ea monochloroacetic acid e bile le phello e kholo haholo tekanyong ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose (p <0.01).Taelo ea tšusumetso ea lintlha tse fapaneng ka tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka sa carboxymethyl cellulose e ne e le: mocheso oa etherification> tekanyo ea monochloroacetic acid> nako ea etherification> palo ea NaOH.

Kamora tlhahlobo ea liphetho tsa liteko tsa moralo oa motsoako oa quadratic regression orthogonal rotation, ho ka etsoa qeto ea hore maemo a nepahetseng a ts'ebetso ea phetoho ea carboxymethylation ke: nako ea etherification 100min, mocheso oa etherification 70.℃, NaOH dosage 3.2g le monochloroacetic acid Tekanyo ke 3.0g, 'me tekanyo e kholo ea ho fetola ke 0.53.

2.3 Sebopeho sa ts'ebetso ea Microscopic

Sebopeho sa bokaholimo ba selulose, carboxymethyl cellulose le likaroloana tse amanang le carboxymethyl cellulose li ile tsa ithutoa ka ho lekola microscope ea elektronike.Selulose e hola ka sebopeho se hlobolisa se nang le bokaholimo bo boreleli;moeli oa carboxymethyl cellulose o thata ho feta oa selulose e nkiloeng, 'me sebopeho sa cavity sea eketseha' me molumo o ba kholoanyane.Sena ke hobane sebopeho sa liphutheloana se ba kholoanyane ka lebaka la ho ruruha ha carboxymethyl cellulose.

3. Qetello

3.1 Tokisetso ea carboxymethyl etherified cellulose Taelo ea bohlokoa ba lintlha tse 'nè tse amang tekanyo ea ho kenya selulose sebaka ke: mocheso oa etherification> monochloroacetic acid dosage> nako ea etherification> NaOH dosage.Maemo a nepahetseng a ts'ebetso ea phetoho ea carboxymethylation ke nako ea etherification 100min, mocheso oa etherification 70.℃, NaOH dosage 3.2g, monochloroacetic acid dosage 3.0g, le tekanyo e phahameng ea substitution 0.53.

3.2 Maemo a nepahetseng a theknoloji ea phetoho ea carboxymethylation ke: nako ea etherification 100min, mocheso oa etherification 70.℃, NaOH dosage 3.2g, monochloroacetic acid dosage 3.0g, tekanyo e phahameng ea ho fetola 0.53.