1. Isingeniso kanye nokuhlelwa kukasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa
Usimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa wuhlobo olunganikeza indawo ephansi eyisicaba futhi ebushelelezi lapho kungabekwa khona isiphetho sokugcina (njengokhaphethi, phansi ngokhuni, njll.).Izidingo zayo zokusebenza ezibalulekile zihlanganisa ukuqina okusheshayo kanye nokuncipha okuphansi.Kunezinhlelo ezihlukene zaphansi emakethe ezifana ne-cement-based, gypsum-based noma izingxube zazo.Kulesi sihloko sizogxila ezinhlelweni ezigelezayo ezinezakhiwo zokulinganisa.Umhlabathi we-hydraulic ogelezayo (uma usetshenziswa njengesendlalelo sokugcina, ubizwa ngokuthi i-surface material; uma usetshenziswa njengesendlalelo esiphakathi soguquko, ubizwa ngokuthi yi-cushion material) ngokuvamile kubhekiselwa kukho ngokuthi: usimende-based self-leveling phansi (ungqimba olungaphezulu) kanye nephansi lokuzilinganisa elisekelwe usimende (ungqimba lomcamelo) ).
2. Ukwakheka kwempahla yomkhiqizo kanye nesilinganiso esijwayelekile
Usimende/udaka oluzilinganisayo luyinhlanganisela eqinile ye-hydraulically eyenziwe ngosimende njengento eyisisekelo futhi ehlanganiswe kakhulu nezinye izinto eziguquliwe.Nakuba amafomula ahlukahlukene atholakalayo njengamanje ahlukile futhi ahlukile, kodwa ngokuvamile izinto zokwakha
Ayihlukaniseki ezinhlotsheni ezibalwe ngezansi, umgomo ucishe ufane.Ikakhulukazi yakhiwe izingxenye eziyisithupha ezilandelayo: (1) izinto zikasimende ezixutshiwe, (2) isigcwalisi samaminerali, (3) isilawuli sokuhlangana, (4) isilungisi se-rheology, (5) ingxenye eqinisayo, (6) ukwakheka kwamanzi, okulandelayo izilinganiso ezijwayelekile zabanye abakhiqizi.
(1) Isistimu yezinto zikasimende ezixubile
30-40%
High alumina usimende
I-Ordinary Portland Cement
i-hemihydrate gypsum / anhydrite
(2) Isigcwalisi samaminerali
55-68%
Isihlabathi se-quartz
i-calcium carbonate powder
(3) Isilawuli se-coagulant
~0.5%
Setha i-retarder - i-tartaric acid
I-coagulant - i-lithium carbonate
(4) Isilungisi se-Rheology
~0.5%
I-Superplasticizer-Water Reducer
I-Defoamer
isizinzisi
(5) Ukuqinisa izingxenye
1-4%
i-polymer powder ehlakazeka kabusha
(6) 20%-25%
amanzi
3. Ukwakhiwa kanye nencazelo yokusebenza kwezinto
Usimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa luwukwakhiwa kodaka lukasimende oluyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu.Ngokuvamile kwakhiwa izingxenye ezingaphezu kweziyi-10, okulandelayo yifomula yesitezi sokuzilinganisa esisekelwe usimende (umcamelo)
Isitezi sokuzilinganisa esenziwe usimende (umcamelo)
I-Raw Material: Usimende ojwayelekile we-OPC we-silicate 42.5R
Isikali Somthamo: 28
I-Raw Material: HAC625 High Alumina Cement CA-50
Isikali Somthamo: 10
I-Raw Material: I-Quartz Sand (70-140mesh)
Isilinganiso somthamo: 41.11
I-Raw Material: I-Calcium Carbonate (500mesh)
Isikali Somthamo: 16.2
I-Raw Material: I-Hemihydrate Gypsum semi-hydrated gypsum
Isikali Somthamo: 1
I-Raw Material Raw: I-anhydrite anhydrite (anhydrite)
Isikali Somthamo: 6
I-Raw Material: I-Latex Powder AXILATTM HP8029
Isikali Somthamo: 1.5
Impahla eluhlaza:I-Cellulose EtherI-HPMC400
Isilinganiso somthamo: 0.06
I-Raw Material: I-Superplasticizer SMF10
Isikali somthamo: 0.6
I-Raw Material: I-Defoamer defoamer AXILATTM DF 770 DD
Isikali somthamo: 0.2
I-Raw Material: I-Tartaric Acid 200 mesh
Isikali somthamo: 0.18
I-Raw Material: I-Lithium Carbonate 800 mesh
Isikali somthamo: 0.15
I-Raw Material: I-Calcium Hydrate Slaked Lime
Isikali Somthamo: 1
I-Raw Material: Isamba
Isikali somthamo: 100
Qaphela: Ukwakhiwa ngaphezu kuka-5°C.
(1) Isistimu yayo yezinto zikasimende ngokuvamile yakhiwa usimende ojwayelekile we-Portland (OPC), usimende we-alumina ephezulu (CAC) ne-calcium sulfate, ukuze kuhlinzekwe i-calcium eyanele, i-aluminium nesibabule ukuze kwakhiwe itshe le-calcium vanadium.Lokhu kungenxa yokuthi ukwakheka kwetshe le-calcium vanadium kunezici ezintathu eziyinhloko, okungukuthi (1) isivinini sokwakheka okusheshayo, (2) umthamo ophezulu wokubopha amanzi, kanye (3) nekhono lokwengeza ukushwabana, okuhambisana ngokugcwele nezakhiwo ze-macroscopic ngokwayo. -Leveling usimende/udaka kumele uhlinzeke Dinga.
(2) Ukugredwa kwezinhlayiya zikasimende/udaka ezizilinganisa ngokwazo kudinga ukusetshenziswa kwezigcwalisi ezimahhadla (njengesihlabathi se-quartz) kanye nezigcwalisi ezicolekileyo (njengempushana ye-calcium carbonate egayiwe kahle) kuhlanganiswe ukuze kuzuzwe umphumela wokubumbana ongcono kakhulu.
(3) I-calcium sulfate ekhiqizwa ku-sement/mortar yokuzilinganisa i--hemihydrate gypsum (-CaSO4•½H2O) noma i-anhydrite (CaSO4);bangakhulula ama-sulfate radicals ngokushesha ngokwanele ngaphandle kokwandisa ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi.Umbuzo ovame ukubuzwa ukuthi kungani i--hemihydrate gypsum (ene-chemical composition efana ne--hemihydrate), etholakala kalula futhi engabizi kakhulu kune--hemihydrate, ayikwazi ukusetshenziswa.Kodwa inkinga iwukuthi isilinganiso esiphezulu se-void -hemihydrate gypsum sizokwandisa kakhulu ukusetshenziswa kwamanzi, okuzoholela ekunciphiseni kwamandla odaka oluqinile.
(4) Impushana yerabha ehlakazeka kabusha iyisici esibalulekile sikasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa.Ingathuthukisa uketshezi, ukumelana nokuhuzuka kwendawo, amandla okuphuma kanye namandla okuguquguquka.Ngaphezu kwalokho, kunciphisa i-modulus ye-elasticity, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise ukucindezeleka kwangaphakathi kwesistimu.Izimpushana zenjoloba ezihlakazeka kabusha kumele zikwazi ukwenza amafilimu e-polymer aqinile.Imikhiqizo kasimende/udaka esebenza kahle kakhulu iqukethe impushana yerabha ehlakazeka kabusha efinyelela ku-8%, futhi ikakhulukazi usimende we-alumina ephezulu.Lo mkhiqizo uqinisekisa ukuqiniswa okusheshayo kokusetha kanye namandla aphezulu okuqala ngemva kwamahora angu-24, ngaleyo ndlela uhlangabezana nezimfuneko zomsebenzi wokwakha wosuku olulandelayo, njengemisebenzi yokuvuselela.
(5) Usimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa ludinga ukusetha izisheshisi (ezifana ne-lithium carbonate) ukuze kuzuzwe amandla okusetha usimende kusenesikhathi, kanye nezibuyisela emuva (ezifana ne-tartaric acid) ukuze zehlise isivinini sokumisa se-gypsum.
(6) I-Superplasticizer (i-polycarboxylate superplasticizer) isebenza njengesinciphisi samanzi kusimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela inikeze ukugeleza nokusebenza kokulinganisa.
(7) I-defoamer ayikwazi nje ukunciphisa okuqukethwe komoya futhi ithuthukise amandla okugcina, kodwa futhi ithole indawo efanayo, ebushelelezi futhi eqinile.
(8) Inani elincane le-stabilizer (njenge-cellulose ether) lingavimbela ukuhlukaniswa kodaka kanye nokwakheka kwesikhumba, ngaleyo ndlela kubangele umthelela omubi ezindaweni zokugcina eziphezulu.Izimpushana zenjoloba ezihlakazeka kabusha zithuthukisa izici zokugeleza futhi zifaka isandla emandleni.
4. Izidingo zekhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nobuchwepheshe obubalulekile
4.1.Izidingo eziyisisekelo zikasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa
(1) Inoketshezi oluningi, futhi inezindawo ezinhle zokulevelitha uma iwugqinsi lwamamilimitha ambalwa, futhi
I-slurry inozinzo oluhle, ukuze inciphise izinto ezimbi njengokuhlukaniswa, i-delamination, ukopha, nokugwedla.
Futhi kuyadingeka ukuqinisekisa isikhathi esanele esisebenzisekayo, ngokuvamile esingaphezu kwemizuzu engama-40, ukuze kube lula imisebenzi yokwakha.
(2) Ubucaba bungcono, futhi ingaphezulu alinawo amaphutha asobala.
(3) Njengento ephansi, amandla ayo acindezelayo, ukumelana nokugqoka, ukumelana nomthelela, ukumelana namanzi kanye nezinye izinsimbi zomzimba
Ukusebenza kufanele kuhlangabezane nezidingo zenkundla yesakhiwo yangaphakathi evamile.
(4) Ukuqina kungcono.
(5) Ukwakhiwa kulula, kuyashesha, konga isikhathi futhi konga umsebenzi.
4.2.Izakhiwo eziyinhloko zobuchwepheshe zikasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa
(1) Ukuhamba
Uketshezi luyinkomba ebalulekile ebonisa ukusebenza kukasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa.Ngokuvamile, uketshezi kukhulu kuno-210-260mm.
(2) Ukuzinza kwe-slurry
Le nkomba iyinkomba ekhombisa ukuzinza kukasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa.Thela udaka oluxubile epuleti lengilazi elibekwe ngokuvundlile, bheka ngemuva kwemizuzu engama-20, akufanele kube khona ukopha okusobala, ukubola, ukuhlukaniswa, ukubhuquza nezinye izenzakalo.Le nkomba inethonya elikhulu esimweni esingaphezulu kanye nokuqina kwempahla ngemva kokubunjwa.
(3) Amandla acindezelayo
Njengento ephansi, le nkomba kufanele ihambisane nemibandela yokwakha usimende phansi, izindawo ezijwayelekile zikasimende ezifuywayo.
Amandla acindezelayo esitezi sokuqala adingeka ukuba abe ngaphezu kuka-15MPa, futhi amandla acindezelayo ongaphezulu kukasimende angaphezu kuka-20MPa.
(4) Amandla okuguquguquka
Amandla aguqukayo kasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa ngokwezimboni kufanele abe mkhulu kuno-6Mpa.
(5) Isikhathi sokuhlangana
Isikhathi sokusetha sikasimende / udaka lokuzilinganisa, ngemuva kokuqinisekisa ukuthi i-slurry inyakaziswa ngokulinganayo, qinisekisa ukuthi isikhathi sokusebenzisa kwayo singaphezu kwemizuzu engama-40, futhi ukusebenza ngeke kuthinteke.
(6) Ukumelana nomthelela
Usimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa kufanele lukwazi ukumelana nomthelela womzimba womuntu nezinto ezithuthwayo kuthrafikhi evamile, futhi ukumelana komthelela komhlabathi kukhulu noma kulingana nama-joule angu-4.
(7) Ukumelana nokugqoka
Usimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa njengendawo engaphansi komhlaba kufanele imelane nokuhamba okujwayelekile komhlabathi.Ngenxa yongqimba oluncane olulinganisayo, lapho isisekelo somhlaba siqinile, amandla ayo okuthwala angaphezulu kakhulu, hhayi kuvolumu.Ngakho-ke, ukumelana kwayo kokugqoka kubaluleke kakhulu kunamandla okucindezela.
(8) Hlanganisa amandla okubamba kungqimba oluyisisekelo
Amandla okubopha phakathi kukasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa kanye nesendlalelo sesisekelo sihlobene ngokuqondile nokuthi kuzoba nomgodi noma ukuwa ngemva kokuqina kwe-slurry, okunomthelela omkhulu ekuqineni kwento.Enqubweni yangempela yokwakha, xubha i-ejenti yokusebenzelana komhlaba ukuze ifinyelele esimweni esifaneleka kakhulu ukwakhiwa kwezinto zokuzilinganisa.Amandla aqinile okubopha wezinto ezizilinganisa phansi zikasimende zasekhaya ngokuvamile angaphezulu kuka-0.8MPa.
(9) Ukumelana nokuqhekeka
Ukumelana nokuqhekeka kuyinkomba eyinhloko yosimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa, futhi ubukhulu bayo buhlobene nokuthi kukhona yini ukuqhekeka, ukugoba, nokuwa ngemva kokuba impahla yokuzilinganisa iqine.Ukuthi ungakwazi ukuhlola kahle ukumelana nokuqhekeka kwezinto ezizilinganisa kuhlobene nokuthi ungakwazi yini ukuhlola kahle impumelelo noma ukwehluleka kwemikhiqizo yezinto ezibonakalayo ezizilinganisa.
5. Ukwakhiwa kukasimende/udaka lokuzilinganisa
(1) Ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo
Hlanza ungqimba oluyisisekelo ukuze ususe uthuli oluntantayo, amabala kawoyela kanye nezinye izinto zokubopha ezingafaneleki.Uma kunemigodi emikhulu kungqimba oluyisisekelo, ukwelashwa kokugcwalisa nokulinganisa kuyadingeka.
(2) Ukwelashwa kwendawo
Faka amajazi ama-2 e-ejenti yokusebenzelana komhlabathi endaweni ephansi ehlanziwe.
(3) Ukwakhiwa kwezinga
Bala inani lezinto ezihlukahlukene ngokwenani lezinto zokwakha, isilinganiso samanzi-solid (noma isilinganiso se-liquid-solid) kanye nendawo yokwakha, gudluza ngokulinganayo nge-mixer, uthele udaka olunyakaziswayo phansi, bese ukhuhla izinhlanga ngobumnene.
(4) Ukongiwa kwemvelo
Ingagcinwa ngokuvumelana nezidingo zezinto ezihlukahlukene zokuzilinganisa.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-06-2022