Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), yomwe imadziwikanso kuti hypromellose, ndi polima yosunthika yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana kuphatikiza mankhwala, chakudya, ndi zomangamanga.Ndi chochokera ku cellulose chomwe chimasinthidwa kudzera muzochita zamankhwala kuti chiwongolere katundu wake.Polima iyi imadziwika ndi kusungunuka kwamadzi, biocompatibility, komanso kupanga mafilimu.
Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC):
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose imachokera ku cellulose, polysaccharide yachilengedwe yomwe imapezeka m'makoma a cellulose.Kapangidwe ka mankhwala a HPMC amadziwika ndi kukhalapo kwa magulu a hydroxypropyl ndi methyl pamsana wa cellulose.
Ma cellulose msana:
Cellulose ndi mzere wa polysaccharide wopangidwa ndi mayunitsi a shuga olumikizidwa ndi β-1,4-glycosidic bond.Magawo obwereza amapanga maunyolo aatali, olimba omwe amapereka maziko a HPMC.
methyl:
Magulu a Methyl (CH3) amalowetsedwa mumsana wa cellulose pogwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ndi methanol.Izi m'malo timapitiriza hydrophobicity wa polima, zimakhudza solubility ake ndi filimu kupanga katundu.
Hydroxypropyl:
Magulu a Hydroxypropyl (C3H6O) amamangiriridwa ku msana wa cellulose pochita ndi propylene oxide.Magulu a hydroxypropyl awa amathandizira kusungunuka kwamadzi kwa HPMC ndikuwongolera kukhuthala kwake.
Mlingo wakusintha (DS) wamagulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl amatha kusiyanasiyana, kukhudza momwe HPMC imagwirira ntchito.DS imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwazinthu zolowa m'malo pamtundu uliwonse wa shuga mu tcheni cha cellulose.
Kaphatikizidwe ka Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):
Kaphatikizidwe ka HPMC kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zama mankhwala zomwe zimabweretsa magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl mumsana wa cellulose.Zochita zazikulu zimaphatikizapo etherification ndi methyl chloride ndi hydroxypropylation ndi propylene oxide.Nazi mwachidule mwachidule:
Kusintha kwa cellulose:
Njirayi imayamba ndikuyambitsa cellulose pogwiritsa ntchito maziko, nthawi zambiri sodium hydroxide.Izi zimawonjezera reactivity ya magulu a cellulose hydroxyl pazotsatira zotsatila.
Methylation:
Methyl chloride imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyambitsa magulu a methyl.Cellulose imakhudzidwa ndi methyl chloride pamaso pa maziko, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti magulu a hydroxyl asinthe ndi magulu a methyl.
zomwe zimachitika:
Cellulose-OH+CH3Cl→Selulosi-OMe+Cellulose Hydrochloride-OH+CH3Cl→Selulosi-OMe+HCl
Hydroxypropylation:
Magulu a Hydroxypropyl amalumikizidwa ku msana wa cellulose pogwiritsa ntchito propylene oxide.Zomwe zimachitika nthawi zambiri zimachitika mumtundu wa alkaline ndipo kuchuluka kwa hydroxypropylation kumayendetsedwa kuti tikwaniritse zomwe mukufuna.
zomwe zimachitika:
Ma cellulose-OH+C3H6 oxygen→Selulosi-O-(CH2CH(OH)CH3)+H2 oxygen Cellulose-OH+C3H6O→Cellulose-O-(CH2CH(OH)CH3)+H2 oxygen
Neutralization ndi kuyeretsa:
Chotsatiracho sichimachotsedwa kuti chichotse zotsalira za acidic kapena zofunikira.Njira zoyeretsera monga kuchapa ndi kusefera zimachitika kuti mupeze zinthu zapamwamba za HPMC.
Ma Chemical Properties a Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):
Kusungunuka:
HPMC mosavuta sungunuka m'madzi ozizira, ndi solubility akhoza kusintha ndi kusintha mlingo wa m'malo.Miyezo yokwera m'malo nthawi zambiri imabweretsa kusungunuka kowonjezereka.
Kapangidwe kakanema:
HPMC ili ndi zinthu zabwino kwambiri zopangira mafilimu, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito monga zokutira zamankhwala ndi kulongedza zakudya.Kanemayo amawonekera bwino ndipo amapereka chotchinga cha gasi.
Thermal gelation:
Thermal gelation ndi katundu wapadera wa HPMC.Gelisi imapanga ikatenthedwa, ndipo mphamvu ya gel osakaniza imadalira zinthu monga ndende ndi kulemera kwa maselo.
Viscosity:
Kukhuthala kwa mayankho a HPMC kumakhudzidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa m'malo ndi ndende.Monga thickener, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.
Zochitika Pamwamba:
HPMC ili ndi katundu wofanana ndi surfactant womwe umathandizira kukulitsa ndi kukhazikika kwake pamapangidwe.
Biocompatibility:
HPMC imadziwika kuti ndi biocompatible, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito muzamankhwala, kuphatikiza makonzedwe a mankhwala oyendetsedwa ndi omasulidwa.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):
mankhwala:
HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomangira, zokutira zamakanema, ndi matrices otulutsa owongolera pamapangidwe amankhwala.
Pilira:
Pazomangamanga, HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chosungira madzi muzinthu zopangira simenti, kukonza magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa kulekanitsa madzi.
makampani azakudya:
HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani azakudya monga thickener, stabilizer ndi gelling wothandizira.Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga sauces, soups ndi ayisikilimu.
Zosamalira munthu:
Zodzoladzola ndi Zosamalira Payekha Gwiritsani Ntchito HPMC imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu monga mafuta odzola ndi mafuta odzola chifukwa cha kukhuthala kwake komanso kutulutsa emulsifying.
Paints ndi Zopaka:
HPMC ndi anawonjezera utoto ndi zokutira kuonjezera mamasukidwe akayendedwe, bata ndi kusunga madzi.
Pomaliza:
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ndi polima wosunthika wokhala ndi ntchito zosiyanasiyana chifukwa chamankhwala ake apadera.Kaphatikizidwe ka HPMC kumakhudza kukhazikitsidwa kwa magulu a methyl ndi hydroxypropyl mu cellulose msana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale polima wosungunuka m'madzi komanso biocompatible.Ntchito zake zosiyanasiyana pazamankhwala, zomangamanga, chakudya ndi chisamaliro chamunthu zimawonetsa kufunikira kwake m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.Pomwe kafukufuku akupitilira, kusinthidwa kwina ndi kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wa HPMC kumatha kukulitsa ntchito zake ndikupititsa patsogolo magwiridwe antchito ake pamapulogalamu omwe alipo komanso omwe akubwera.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-18-2023