1. Mefuta ea li-thickeners le mochine o teteaneng
(1) Inorganic thickener:
Li-thickeners tse sa sebetseng ka har'a lits'ebetso tse thehiloeng metsing hangata ke letsopa.Joalo ka: bentonite.Kaolin le lefats'e la diatomaceous (karolo e kholo ke SiO2, e nang le sebopeho sa porous) ka linako tse ling e sebelisoa e le li-thickeners tse thusang bakeng sa litsamaiso tse teteaneng ka lebaka la thepa ea tsona ea ho emisa.Bentonite e sebelisoa haholo ka lebaka la ho ruruha ha metsi.Bentonite (Bentonite), e tsejoang hape e le bentonite, bentonite, joalo-joalo, diminerale tse ka sehloohong tsa bentonite ke montmorillonite e nang le tekanyo e nyane ea alkali le alkaline ea tšepe ea lefatše ea tšepe ea hydrous aluminosilicate, ea sehlopha sa aluminosilicate, mokhoa oa eona oa kakaretso oa lik'hemik'hale ke: (Na ,Ca)(Al,Mg)6(Si4O10)3(OH)6•nH2O.Ts'ebetso ea ho atolosoa ha bentonite e bontšoa ke bokhoni ba ho atolosa, ke hore, molumo oa bentonite ka mor'a ho ruruha ka tharollo ea hydrochloric acid e bitsoa matla a ho atolosa, a hlalositsoeng ka ml / gram.Ka mor'a hore bentonite thickener e monye metsi le ho ruruha, molumo o ka fihla ka makhetlo a 'maloa kapa ka makhetlo a leshome pele o monya metsi, kahoo o na le ho emisoa hantle,' me hobane ke phofo e nang le boholo bo botle ba likaroloana, e fapane le tse ling tse phofshoana ka ho roala. tsamaiso.'Mele o na le miscibility e ntle.Ho phaella moo, ha e ntse e hlahisa ho emisoa, e ka khanna li-powders tse ling ho hlahisa phello e itseng e khahlanong le stratification, kahoo ho thusa haholo ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba polokelo ea tsamaiso.
Empa li-bentonite tse ngata tse thehiloeng ho sodium li fetoloa ho tloha bentonite e thehiloeng ho calcium ka ho fetola sodium.Ka nako e ts'oanang ea sodiumization, palo e kholo ea li-ion tse ntle tse kang calcium ions le sodium ion li tla hlahisoa.Haeba litaba tsa li-cations tsena tsamaisong li phahame haholo, palo e kholo ea tefiso ea ho se nke lehlakore e tla hlahisoa ka liqoso tse mpe holim'a emulsion, kahoo ho isa bohōleng bo itseng, E ka baka litla-morao tse kang ho ruruha le flocculation. emulsion.Ka lehlakoreng le leng, li-ion tsena tsa khalsiamo li tla boela li be le litla-morao ho dispersant ea letsoai la sodium (kapa polyphosphate dispersant), e leng se etsang hore li-dispersants tsena li fokotsehe ka har'a tsamaiso ea ho roala, e qetellang e lebisa ho tahlehelo ea ho hasana, ho etsa hore seaparo se be motenya, se teteane kapa se be se teteaneng. motenya.Ho ile ha e-ba le pula e matla le flocculation.Ho phaella moo, phello e teteaneng ea bentonite haholo-holo e itšetlehile ka phofo ho monya metsi le ho atolosa ho hlahisa ho emisoa, kahoo e tla tlisa phello e matla ea thixotropic tsamaisong ea ho roala, e leng ntho e sa thabiseng haholo bakeng sa liphahlo tse hlokang liphello tse ntle tsa boemo bo holimo.Ka hona, li-bentonite inorganic thickeners ha li sebelisoe hangata lipenteng tsa latex, 'me ke palo e nyenyane feela e sebelisoang e le li-thickeners ka lipente tsa latex tsa boemo bo tlaase kapa lipente tsa borashe tsa latex.Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa morao tjena, lintlha tse ling li bontšitse hore Hemmings' BENTONE®LT.organically modified and refined hectorite e na le litlamorao tse ntle tsa anti-sedimentation le atomization ha e sebelisoa ho sistimi ea ho fafatsa e se nang moea ea latex.
(2) Cellulose ether:
Cellulose ether ke polima e phahameng ea tlhaho e entsoeng ke condensation ea β-glucose.Ka ho sebelisa litšoaneleho tsa sehlopha sa hydroxyl lesale la glucosyl, cellulose e ka ba le maikutlo a fapaneng ho hlahisa letoto la lintho tse nkiloeng.Har'a tsona, ho fumanoa karabelo ea esterification le etherification.The cellulose ester kapa cellulose ether derivatives ke tsa bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa cellulose derivatives.Lihlahisoa tse sebelisoang hangata ke carboxymethyl cellulose,hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose joalo-joalo.Hobane carboxymethyl cellulose e na le li-ion tsa sodium tse qhibilihang habonolo metsing, ha e na metsi a sa tsitsang, 'me palo ea li-substitute ketane ea eona e kholo e nyane, ka hona e senyeha habonolo ke ho bola ha baktheria, ho fokotsa viscosity ea tharollo ea metsi le ho e etsa. e nkhang hamonate, joalo-joalo. Phenomenon, e sebelisoang ka seoelo ka pente ea latex, e sebelisoang hangata ho pente ea sekhomaretsi sa joala ba polyvinyl le putty.Sekhahla sa ho qhibiliha ha metsi sa methylcellulose hangata se tlase hanyane ho feta sa hydroxyethylcellulose.Ho phaella moo, ho ka 'na ha e-ba le ntho e nyenyane e sa tsitsang nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho qhibiliha, e tla ama ponahalo le maikutlo a filimi ea ho roala, kahoo ha e sebelisoe hangata ka pente ea latex.Leha ho le joalo, tsitsipano e kaholimo ea methyl aqueous solution e tlase hanyane ho feta ea litharollo tse ling tse nang le metsi a selulose, ka hona ke "cellulose thickener" e ntle e sebelisoang ka putty.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose hape ke selulose thickener se sebelisoang haholo tšimong ea putty, 'me hona joale haholo-holo sebelisoa ka samente-based kapa lime-calcium-based putty (kapa tse ling tse binders inorganic).Hydroxyethyl cellulose e sebelisoa haholo lits'ebetsong tsa pente ea latex ka lebaka la ho qhibiliha ha eona hantle ha metsi le ho boloka metsi.Ha e bapisoa le li-cellulose tse ling, ha e na phello e fokolang mosebetsing oa filimi ea ho roala.Melemo ea hydroxyethyl cellulose e kenyelletsa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea ho pompa, ho lumellana hantle, botsitso bo botle ba polokelo, le botsitso bo botle ba pH ea viscosity.Mefokolo ke metsi a fokolang a boemo ba metsi le ho se khone ho fafatsa ha metsi.E le ho ntlafatsa mefokolo ena, phetoho ea hydrophobic e hlahile.Hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC) e amanang le thobalano e kang NatrosolPlus330, 331
(3) Polycarboxylates:
Ho polycarboxylate ena, boima bo phahameng ba molek'hule ke botenya, 'me boima bo tlaase ba molek'hule ke dispersant.Haholo-holo li khahlisa limolek'hule tsa metsi ka har'a ketane e kholo ea tsamaiso, e leng ho eketsang viscosity ea mohato o qhalakaneng;ho phaella moo, ba ka 'na ba adsorbed holim'a likaroloana tsa latex ho theha lera barbotage, e leng eketsa phatsa boholo ba latex, thickens lera hydration ea latex,' me e eketsa viscosity ea karolo e ka hare ea latex.Leha ho le joalo, mofuta ona oa "thickener" o na le ts'ebetso e tlase ea ho teteana, ka hona, butle-butle e felisoa lits'ebetsong tsa ho roala.Hona joale mofuta ona oa thickener haholo-holo sebelisoa ka thickening ea 'mala peista, hobane boima ba eona molek'hule e batla e le khōlō, kahoo ho thusa ho dispersibility le polokelo botsitso ea peista mebala.
(4) Alkali-swellable thickener:
Ho na le mefuta e 'meli e meholo ea li-alkali-swellable thickeners: li-thickeners tse tloaelehileng tsa alkali-swellable thickeners le li-associative alkali-swellable thickeners.Phapang e kholo ka ho fetisisa pakeng tsa bona ke phapang ea li-monomers tse amanang le tsona tse teng ka har'a ketane e kholo ea limolek'hule.Li-thickeners tsa associative alkali-swellable thickeners li kopantsoe le li-monomers tse kopanetsoeng tse ka khonang ho itšoarella ka har'a mohaho o moholo oa ketane, kahoo ka mor'a hore ionization ka tharollo e nang le metsi, intra-molecular kapa inter-molecular adsorption e ka etsahala, e leng se etsang hore viscosity ea tsamaiso e phahame ka potlako.
a.Setsi se tloaelehileng sa alkali-swellable thickener:
Moemeli oa sehlahisoa o ka sehloohong oa mofuta o tloaelehileng oa alkali-swellable thickener ke ASE-60.ASE-60 haholo-holo e amohela copolymerization ea methacrylic acid le ethyl acrylate.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea copolymerization, methacrylic acid e nka hoo e ka bang 1/3 ea lintho tse tiileng, hobane boteng ba lihlopha tsa carboxyl bo etsa hore ketane ea limolek'hule e be le tekanyo e itseng ea hydrophilicity, 'me e fokotsa mokhoa oa ho etsa letsoai.Ka lebaka la ho nyelisoa ha liqoso, liketane tsa limolek'hule li atolosoa, tse eketsang viscosity ea tsamaiso mme li hlahisa phello e matla.Leha ho le joalo, ka linako tse ling boima ba limolek'hule bo boholo haholo ka lebaka la ketso ea motsoako oa sefapano.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea ho atolosoa ha ketane ea limolek'hule, ketane ea molek'hule ha e arohane hantle ka nako e khutšoanyane.Nakong ea ts'ebetso ea nako e telele ea polokelo, ketane ea molek'hule e otlolloa butle-butle, e tlisang Post-thickening ea viscosity.Ntle le moo, hobane ho na le li-monomers tse fokolang tsa hydrophobic ka har'a ketane ea mofuta ona oa thickener, ha ho bonolo ho hlahisa motsoako oa hydrophobic lipakeng tsa limolek'hule, haholoholo ho etsa intramolecular mutual adsorption, kahoo mofuta ona oa motenya o na le ts'ebetso e tlase ea matla, kahoo ho joalo. e sebedisoang ka seoelo e le mong.E sebelisoa haholo-holo hammoho le li-thickeners tse ling.
b.Mokhatlo (concord) mofuta oa alkali ho ruruha thickener:
Mofuta ona oa thickener hona joale o na le mefuta e mengata ka lebaka la khetho ea li-monomers tse kopanetsoeng le moralo oa sebopeho sa limolek'hule.Sebopeho sa eona se ka sehloohong sa ketane le sona se entsoe haholo-holo ka methacrylic acid le ethyl acrylate, 'me li-monomers tsa associative li tšoana le li-antenna ka sebopeho, empa ke palo e nyane feela ea kabo.Ke li-monomer tsena tse kopaneng joalo ka litente tsa octopus tse bapalang karolo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetesisa ka katleho ea motenya.Sehlopha sa carboxyl se ka har'a sebopeho ha se nke lehlakore ebile se etsa letsoai, 'me ketane ea limolek'hule e boetse e tšoana le motenya o tloaelehileng oa alkali-swellable thickener.E tšoanang tefiso repulsion etsahala, e le hore ketane ea molek'hule e senoleha.Monomer ea associative ho eona e boetse e atoloha le ketane ea limolek'hule, empa sebopeho sa eona se na le liketane tsa hydrophilic le liketane tsa hydrophobic, kahoo sebopeho se seholo sa micellar se tšoanang le li-surfactants se tla hlahisoa ka molek'hule kapa lipakeng tsa limolek'hule.Li-micelles tsena li hlahisoa ke papatso e kopanetsoeng ea li-monomers tsa mokhatlo, 'me li-monomers tse ling tsa mokhatlo li adsorbena ka phello ea bridging ea likaroloana tsa emulsion (kapa likaroloana tse ling).Ka mor'a hore li-micelles li hlahisoe, li lokisa likaroloana tsa emulsion, likaroloana tsa molek'hule ea metsi kapa likaroloana tse ling tsamaisong ka mokhoa o batlang o tsitsitse feela joaloka motsamao o koaletsoeng, e le hore ho tsamaea ha limolek'hule tsena (kapa likaroloana) ho fokotsehe le viscosity ea tsamaiso ea eketseha.Ka hona, ts'ebetso e matla ea mofuta ona oa motenya, haholo-holo pente ea latex e nang le li-emulsion tse ngata, e phahame haholo ho feta tse tloaelehileng tsa alkali-swellable thickeners, kahoo e sebelisoa haholo penteng ea latex.Moemeli ea ka sehloohong oa sehlahisoa Mofuta ke TT-935.
(5) Associative polyurethane (kapa polyether) e teteaneng le e behang boemo:
Ka kakaretso, li-thickeners li na le boima bo phahameng haholo ba limolek'hule (tse kang selulose le acrylic acid), 'me liketane tsa tsona tsa molek'hule li otlolloa ka tharollo ea metsi ho eketsa viscosity ea tsamaiso.Boima ba molek'hule ea polyurethane (kapa polyether) e nyane haholo, 'me haholo-holo e theha mokhatlo ka tšebelisano ea matla a van der Waals a karolo ea lipophilic lipakeng tsa limolek'hule, empa matla a mokhatlo ona a fokola, mme mokhatlo o ka etsoa tlasa maemo a itseng. matla a kantle.Karohano, ka hona ho fokotsa viscosity, e thusa ho lekanya filimi ea ho roala, kahoo e ka bapala karolo ea moemeli oa boemo.Ha matla a ho kuta a felisitsoe, a ka qala ho kopana kapele, 'me viscosity ea tsamaiso ea phahama.Ketsahalo ena e molemo ho fokotsa viscosity le ho eketsa boemo nakong ea kaho;'me ka mor'a hore matla a ho kuta a lahlehe, viscosity e tla tsosolosoa hang-hang ho eketsa botenya ba filimi ea ho roala.Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, re amehile haholo ka phello e teteaneng ea li-associative thickeners ho li-emulsions tsa polymer.Likaroloana tse ka sehloohong tsa polymer latex le tsona li kenya letsoho mokhatlong oa tsamaiso, e le hore mofuta ona oa ho teteka le ho lekanngoa ha moemeli o boetse o na le phello e ntle ea ho thibela (kapa ho lekanngoa) ha e le tlase ho feta mahloriso a eona a bohlokoa;ha mahloriso a mofuta ona oa ho teteka le ho leka-lekanya ha a le holimo ho feta mahloriso a bohlokoa ka metsing a hloekileng, a ka theha mekhatlo ka boeona, 'me viscosity e phahama ka potlako.Ka hona, ha mofuta ona oa ho teteka le ho leka-lekanya o le tlase ho feta mahloriso a eona a bohlokoa, hobane likaroloana tsa latex li kenya letsoho mokhatlong o sa lekanyetsoang, boholo ba karoloana ea emulsion e nyenyane haholo, mokhatlo o matla, le viscosity ea oona e tla eketseha ka keketseho ea palo ea emulsion.Ho phaella moo, li-disperants tse ling (kapa li-acrylic thickeners) li na le mehaho ea hydrophobic, 'me lihlopha tsa bona tsa hydrophobic li sebelisana le tsa polyurethane, e le hore tsamaiso e thehe mohaho o moholo oa marang-rang, o loketseng ho teteaneng.
2. Liphello tsa li-thickeners tse fapaneng ho hanyetsa karohano ea metsi ea pente ea latex
Ha ho etsoa moralo oa lipente tse entsoeng ka metsi, tšebeliso ea li-thickeners ke sehokelo sa bohlokoa haholo, se amanang le thepa e mengata ea lipente tsa latex, tse kang kaho, nts'etsopele ea mebala, polokelo le ponahalo.Mona re lebisa tlhokomelo ho phello ea tšebeliso ea li-thickeners ho boloka pente ea latex.Ho tloha kenyelletsong e ka holimo, re ka tseba hore bentonite le polycarboxylates: li-thickeners li sebelisoa haholo-holo ka liaparo tse ling tse khethehileng, tse ke keng tsa tšohloa mona.Re tla haholo-holo buisana ka ho fetisisa ka tloaelo sebelisoa selulose, alkali ho ruruha, le Polyurethane (kapa polyether) thickeners, le mong 'me hammoho, ama ho hanyetsa metsi karohano ea lipente latex.
Le hoja ho teteana ka hydroxyethyl cellulose feela ho tebile haholo karohanong ea metsi, ho bonolo ho sisinyeha ka ho lekana.Tšebeliso e le 'ngoe ea ho ruruha ha alkali ha e na karohano ea metsi le pula empa e na le matla a tebileng ka mor'a ho teteana.Tšebeliso e le 'ngoe ea polyurethane thickening, le hoja karohano ea metsi le post-thickening The thickening ha e tebileng, empa precipitate e hlahisoang ke eona e batla e le thata ebile e thata ho e sisinya.'Me e amohela hydroxyethyl cellulose le alkali ho ruruha thickening motsoako, ha ho post-thickening, ha ho na pula e thata, ho bonolo ho sisinya, empa ho boetse ho na le palo e nyenyane ea metsi.Leha ho le joalo, ha hydroxyethyl cellulose le polyurethane li sebelisoa ho teteaneng, karohano ea metsi ke eona e tebileng ka ho fetisisa, empa ha ho na pula e matla.Alkali-swellable thickening le polyurethane li sebelisoa hammoho, le hoja karohano ea metsi ha e le hantle ha e na karohano ea metsi, empa ka mor'a ho teteaneng, 'me sediment e ka tlase ho thata ho e sisinya ka ho lekana.'Me ea ho qetela e sebelisa selulose e nyenyane ea hydroxyethyl e nang le ho ruruha ha alkali le polyurethane thickening ho ba le boemo bo tšoanang ntle le pula le karohano ea metsi.Ho ka bonoa hore tsamaisong e hloekileng ea emulsion ea acrylic e nang le hydrophobicity e matla, ho tebile ho feta ho tiisa karolo ea metsi ka hydrophilic hydroxyethyl cellulose, empa e ka tsosoa habonolo ka mokhoa o ts'oanang.Tšebeliso e le 'ngoe ea ho ruruha ha hydrophobic alkali le polyurethane (kapa motsoako oa tsona) ho teteaneng, le hoja ts'ebetso ea ho arohana ha metsi e molemo, empa ka bobeli e teteaneng ka mor'a moo,' me haeba ho na le pula, e bitsoa pula e thata, eo ho leng thata ho e sisinya ka ho lekana .Tšebeliso ea cellulose le polyurethane metsoako e teteaneng, ka lebaka la phapang e hōle ka ho fetisisa ea litekanyetso tsa hydrophilic le lipophilic, e fella ka karohano e tebileng ea metsi le pula, empa sediment e bonolo ebile e bonolo ho sisinyeha.Foromo ea ho qetela e na le ts'ebetso e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea ho arohana ha metsi ka lebaka la ho leka-lekana ho molemo pakeng tsa hydrophilic le lipophilic.Ehlile, ts'ebetsong ea 'nete ea moralo oa moralo, mefuta ea li-emulsion le li-agent tsa ho kolobisa le ho qhalakanya le litekanyetso tsa bona tsa hydrophilic le lipophilic le tsona li lokela ho nahanoa.Ke feela ha ba fihla ho leka-lekana hantle moo tsamaiso e ka bang boemong ba thermodynamic equilibrium 'me e na le ho thibela metsi hantle.
Ka mokhoa o teteaneng, ho teteana ha karolo ea metsi ka linako tse ling ho tsamaisana le ho eketseha ha viscosity ea karolo ea oli.Ka mohlala, ka kakaretso re lumela hore li-cellulose thickeners li tiisa karolo ea metsi, empa selulose e ajoa karolong ea metsi.
Nako ea poso: Dec-29-2022