Mvura-based pendi thickeners

1. Mhando dzemakobvu uye thickening mechanism

(1) Inorganic thickener:

Inorganic thickeners mumvura-based systems inonyanya ivhu.Zvakadai se: bentonite.Kaolin uye diatomaceous pasi (chikamu chikuru iSiO2, iyo ine porous chimiro) dzimwe nguva inoshandiswa seyaibatsira thickeners yekukora masisitimu nekuda kweiyo suspension properties.Bentonite inonyanya kushandiswa nekuda kwekuwanda kwayo kwemvura-kuzvimba.Bentonite (Bentonite), inozivikanwawo se bentonite, bentonite, nezvimwewo, iyo huru mineral ye bentonite is montmorillonite ine zvishoma zvealkali uye alkaline pasi simbi hydrous aluminosilicate minerals, yeboka realuminosilicate, iyo general chemical formula ndeye: (Na ,Ca)(Al,Mg)6(Si4O10)3(OH)6•nH2O.Kuwedzera kwekuita kwebentonite kunoratidzwa nekuwedzera simba, ndiko kuti, ivhu re bentonite mushure mekuputika mu dilute hydrochloric acid solution inonzi kuwedzera simba, inoratidzwa mu ml / gram.Mushure mokunge bentonite thickener inotora mvura uye inoputika, vhoriyamu inogona kusvika kakawanda kana kagumi kuti isati yatora mvura, saka ine kumira kwakanaka, uye nokuti ihupfu ine chidimbu chakatsetseka, yakasiyana nedzimwe hupfu muhuputi. system.Muviri une miscibility yakanaka.Mukuwedzera, paunenge uchigadzira kumira, inogona kutyaira mamwe mapoda kuti ibudise imwe anti-stratification effect, saka inobatsira zvikuru kuvandudza kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza kwegadziriro.

Asi akawanda sodium-based bentonites anoshandurwa kubva ku calcium-based bentonite kuburikidza nekushandura sodium.Panguva imwechete ye sodiumization, nhamba huru yeonisi yakanaka yakadai se calcium ions uye sodium ions ichagadzirwa.Kana zviri mukati meiyi cations muhurongwa zvakanyanyisa, huwandu hukuru hwekubhadharisa neutralization huchagadzirwa pamhosva dzisina kunaka pamusoro pe emulsion, saka kune imwe nhanho, Inogona kukonzera mhedzisiro senge kuzvimba uye flocculation ye. iyo emulsion.Nekune rimwe divi, aya calcium ion anozoitawo maside effects pasodium salt dispersant (kana kuti polyphosphate dispersant), zvichiita kuti ma dispersant aya awedzere muhurongwa hwekuputira, zvichizopedzisira zvakonzera kurasikirwa kwekupararira, zvichiita kuti jira racho riwedzere, kukora kana kutowedzera. mukobvu.Kunaya kwakanyanya uye flocculation yakaitika.Uye zvakare, iyo thickening mhedzisiro yebentonite inonyanya kuvimba nehupfu kutora mvura uye kuwedzera kuti ibudise kuturika, saka ichaunza yakasimba thixotropic mhedzisiro kune iyo coating system, iyo isingafadzi zvakanyanya kune iyo coating inoda yakanaka leveling mhedzisiro.Naizvozvo, bentonite inorganic thickeners haiwanzo shandiswa mu latex pendi, uye shoma chete inoshandiswa seyakakora mune yakaderera-giredhi latex pendi kana brushed latex pendi.Nekudaro, mumakore achangopfuura, imwe data yakaratidza kuti Hemmings 'BENTONE®LT.organically modified uye yakanatswa hectorite ine yakanaka anti-sedimentation uye atomization mhedzisiro kana yakaiswa kune latex pendi isina mweya yekupfapfaidza masisitimu.

(2) Cellulose ether:

Cellulose ether imhando yepamusoro yepolymer inoumbwa nekukonyedzwa kwe β-glucose.Uchishandisa hunhu hweboka rehydroxyl mumhete yeglucosyl, cellulose inogona kuita maitiro akasiyana siyana kugadzira akatevedzana ezvinobvamo.Pakati pavo, esterification uye etherification maitiro anowanikwa.Iyo cellulose ester kana cellulose ether derivatives ndiyo inonyanya kukosha seruseru inotorwa.Zvigadzirwa zvinowanzo shandiswa ndeye carboxymethyl cellulose,hydroxyethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose uye zvichingodaro.Nekuti carboxymethyl cellulose ine sodium ion inonyungudika zviri nyore mumvura, haina kusamira zvakanaka kwemvura, uye huwandu hwezvinotsiva pacheni yayo huru idiki, saka inoora zviri nyore nekuora kwebhakitiriya, kuderedza viscosity yemushonga wemvura uye uchigadzira. inonhuwa, etc. Phenomenon, isingawanzo shandiswa mupende yelatex, inowanzoshandiswa mune yakaderera-giredhi polyvinyl doro glue pendi uye putty.Mwero wekunyungudika kwemvura wemethylcellulose kazhinji wakadzikira zvishoma pane wehydroxyethylcellulose.Mukuwedzera, panogona kunge kune zvishoma zvisingagadziriswi panguva yekuparara, izvo zvinokanganisa kuonekwa uye kunzwa kwefirimu yekuputira, saka haisati yashandiswa mupende ye latex.Nekudaro, iyo tension yepamusoro yemethyl aqueous solution yakadzikira zvishoma pane yeimwe cellulose aqueous solutions, saka yakanaka cellulose thickener inoshandiswa mu putty.Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose zvakare iri cellulose thickener inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumunda weputty, uye ikozvino inonyanya kushandiswa mune simende-based kana lime-calcium-based putty (kana mamwe inorganic binders).Hydroxyethyl cellulose inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mu latex pendi masisitimu nekuda kwekunaka kwayo kunyungudika kwemvura uye kuchengetwa kwemvura.Kuenzaniswa nemamwe ma cellulose, ine zvishoma mhedzisiro pane yekuputira firimu kuita.Zvakanakira hydroxyethyl cellulose zvinosanganisira yakakwirira kupomba kushanda zvakanaka, kuenderana kwakanaka, kugadzikana kwakanaka kwekuchengetedza, uye yakanaka pH kugadzikana kwe viscosity.Izvo zvakaipira kusamira zvakanaka kwemvura uye kusamira zvakanaka kwesplash.Kuti uvandudze zvikanganiso izvi, hydrophobic modification yakaonekwa.Bonde-inobatanidzwa hydroxyethylcellulose (HMHEC) yakadai seNatrosolPlus330, 331

(3) Polycarboxylates:

Mune iyi polycarboxylate, iyo yakakwira molecular huremu ndeye thickener, uye yakaderera molecular uremu inoparadzira.Ivo vanonyanya kushambadza mamorekuru emvura muketani huru yehurongwa, iyo inowedzera viscosity yechikamu chakapararira;uyezve, ivo vanogona zvakare kuve adsorbed pamusoro peiyo latex particles kuti iite yekuputira layer, iyo inowedzera particle size ye latex, inokora iyo hydration layer ye latex, uye inowedzera viscosity yemukati chikamu che latex.Nekudaro, rudzi urwu rwehupfu hune hushoma hwekukora hunobudirira, saka hunopedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma mukuputira maapplication.Ikozvino rudzi urwu rwekukora runonyanya kushandiswa mukukora kwemavara ekuisa, nekuti huremu hwayo hwemamorekuru hwakakura, saka zvinobatsira kupararira uye kugadzikana kwekuchengetedza kwemavara.

(4) Alkali-swellable thickener:

Kune mhando mbiri huru dze alkali-swellable thickeners: akajairika alkali-swellable thickeners uye associative alkali-swellable thickeners.Musiyano mukuru pakati pavo ndiwo mutsauko mune anobatanidzwa monomers ari mukati meiyo main molecular chain.Associative alkali-swellable thickeners ari copolymerized ane asociative monomers anogona adsorb mumwe nomumwe muhombe cheni chimiro, saka pashure ionization mune aqueous mhinduro, intra-molecular kana inter-molecular adsorption inogona kuitika, zvichiita kuti viscosity yegadziriro isimuke nokukurumidza.

a.Zvakajairika alkali-swellable thickener:

Iyo huru chigadzirwa chinomiririra mhando yeyakajairwa alkali-swellable thickener ndeye ASE-60.ASE-60 inonyanya kutora copolymerization yemethacrylic acid uye ethyl acrylate.Munguva yecopolymerization process, methacrylic acid inoverengera inosvika 1/3 yezvakasimba zvemukati, nekuti kuvapo kwemapoka ecarboxyl kunoita kuti cheni yemamorekuru ive nehumwe dhigirii rehydrophilicity, uye inoderedza maitiro ekugadzira munyu.Nekuda kwekudzoreredzwa kwemhosva, macheni emamorekuru anowedzerwa, ayo anowedzera viscosity yehurongwa uye anoburitsa mhedzisiro.Nekudaro, dzimwe nguva huremu hwemamorekuru hwakakura zvakanyanya nekuda kwechiito chemuchinjiko wekubatanidza.Munguva yekuwedzera kweiyo molecular chain, iyo molecular chain haina kuparadzirwa zvakanaka munguva pfupi.Munguva yekuchengetedza kwenguva refu, iyo molecular chain inotambanudzwa zvishoma nezvishoma, iyo inounza Post-thickening ye viscosity.Uye zvakare, nekuti kune vashoma ma hydrophobic monomers mumamolecular cheni yerudzi urwu rwekukora, hazvisi nyore kugadzira hydrophobic yakaoma pakati pemamorekuru, kunyanya kugadzira intramolecular mutual adsorption, saka rudzi urwu rwekukora hune hushoma kukora, saka ndizvo. kashoma kushandiswa chete.Inonyanya kushandiswa pamwe chete nemamwe thickeners.

b.Sangano (concord) mhando alkali kuzvimba thickener:

Rudzi urwu rwekukobvu ikozvino rwave nemhando dzakawanda nekuda kwekusarudzwa kweanosanganisa monomers uye dhizaini yemamorekuru chimiro.Yayo huru cheni chimiro zvakare inonyanya kuumbwa methacrylic acid uye ethyl acrylate, uye iyo associative monomers yakafanana neantennae muchimiro, asi ishoma kugovera.Ndiwo aya anoshamwaridzana monomers senge octopus tentacles anoita basa rakakosha mukukora kweiyo thickener.Iro carboxyl boka mune chimiro harina kurerekera uye munyu-kuumba, uye mamorekuru ketani yakafanana neyakajairika alkali-swellable thickener.Iyo imwechete yekuchaja repulsion inoitika, zvekuti iyo molecular cheni inovhurika.Iyo associative monomer mairi inowedzerawo neketani yemamorekuru, asi chimiro chayo chine ese ari maviri hydrophilic cheni uye hydrophobic cheni, saka yakakura micellar chimiro chakafanana nema surfactants inogadzirwa mumorekuru kana pakati pemamorekuru.Aya ma micelles anogadzirwa neiyo mutual adsorption yemubatanidzwa monomers, uye mamwe emubatanidzwa monomers anoshambadzirana kuburikidza nebhiriji maitiro emulsion particles (kana zvimwe zvimedu).Mushure mekunge ma micelles agadzirwa, anogadzirisa emulsion particles, mvura molecules kana zvimwe zvimedu muhurongwa mune imwe nzvimbo yakagadzikana sekufamba kwekuvhara, kuitira kuti kufamba kwemamorekuru aya (kana zvimedu) zvishaye simba uye viscosity ye. system inowedzera.Naizvozvo, iko kukora kwerudzi urwu rwekukora, kunyanya mupende yelatex ine yakakwira emulsion content, yakanyanya kukwirira kune yakajairwa alkali-swellable thickeners, saka inoshandiswa zvakanyanya mupende yelatex.Mumiririri wechigadzirwa chikuru Rudzi urwu ndiTT-935.

(5) Associative polyurethane (kana polyether) inokora uye inomisa mumiririri:

Kazhinji, makobvu ane huremu hwakanyanya hwemamorekuru (seselulosi uye acrylic asidhi), uye maketani awo emamorekuru akatambanudzwa mumhinduro ine aqueous kuwedzera viscosity yehurongwa.Huremu hwemamorekuru e polyurethane (kana kuti polyether) idiki kwazvo, uye inonyanya kuumba mubatanidzwa kuburikidza nekudyidzana kwe van der Waals simba reiyo lipophilic segment pakati pemamorekuru, asi iyi simba remubatanidzwa harina simba, uye mubatanidzwa unogona kuitwa pasi pezvimwe. simba rekunze.Kuparadzana, nokudaro kuderedza viscosity, kunobatsira kuenzana kwefirimu yekuputira, saka inogona kutamba basa rekuenzanisa mumiririri.Kana simba reshear rabviswa, rinogona kukurumidza kutangazve kushamwaridzana, uye viscosity yegadziriro inokwira.Ichi chiitiko chinobatsira kuderedza viscosity uye kuwedzera kuenzana panguva yekuvaka;uye mushure mokunge simba rekuveura rikarasika, viscosity ichadzorerwa pakarepo kuti iwedzere kuwanda kwefirimu yekuputira.Mumashandisirwo anoshanda, isu tinonyanya kunetsekana nekukora kwekuita kweasociative thickeners pamapolymer emulsions.Iwo makuru epolymer latex particles anotorawo mukubatana kweiyo system, kuitira kuti rudzi urwu rwekukora uye kuenzana mumiririri anewo kunaka kukora (kana kuenzana) mhedzisiro kana yakadzikira pane yayo yakakosha kusungwa;apo kusungirirwa kwerudzi urwu rwekukora uye kuenzanisa mumiririri Kana ichikwira kudarika kukoshesa kwayo mumvura yakachena, inogona kuumba masangano pachayo, uye viscosity inokwira nokukurumidza.Naizvozvo, kana rudzi urwu rwekukora uye kuenzanisa mumiriri rwakaderera pane kuomesesa kwayo, nekuti latex zvimedu zvinotora chikamu muchikamu chekubatana, iyo diki diki saizi ye emulsion, iyo yakasimba kushamwaridzana, uye viscosity yayo ichawedzera nekuwedzera kweiyo. huwandu hwe emulsion.Mukuwedzera, mamwe ma dispersants (kana acrylic thickeners) ane hydrophobic zvivako, uye mapoka avo e-hydrophobic anopindirana neaya e polyurethane, kuitira kuti hurongwa huve hukuru hwemambure, hunoita kuti huwedzere.

2. Migumisiro yezvakasiyana-siyana thickeners pamvura yekuparadzanisa kuramba kwepende ye latex

Mukugadzira dhizaini yependi-yakavakirwa mvura, kushandiswa kweiyo thickeners chinhu chakakosha chinongedzo, icho chine hukama nehupfumi hwakawanda hwe latex pendi, sekuvaka, kukura kwemavara, kuchengetedza uye kutaridzika.Pano isu tinotarisa pamusoro pekushandiswa kwekushandiswa kwemafuti pakuchengetwa kwepende ye latex.Kubva pasumo iri pamusoro, tinogona kuziva kuti bentonite uye polycarboxylates: thickeners anonyanya kushandiswa mune mamwe machira anokosha, ayo asingazokurukurwa pano.Tichanyanya kukurukura inonyanya kushandiswa cellulose, alkali kuzvimba, uye Polyurethane (kana polyether) thickeners, oga uye pamwe chete, zvinokanganisa kuparadzaniswa kwemvura kuramba kwelatex pendi.

Kunyangwe kukora nehydroxyethyl cellulose chete kwakakomba mukuparadzaniswa kwemvura, zviri nyore kubvongodza zvakaenzana.Kushandisa kamwe chete alkali kuzvimba kukora hakuna kupatsanurwa kwemvura uye kunaya kwemvura asi kukora kwakanyanya mushure mekukora.Kushandiswa kumwe chete kwe polyurethane thickening, kunyange zvazvo kuparadzaniswa kwemvura uye post- thickening Iko kukora hakusi kwakakomba, asi mvura inogadzirwa nayo yakaoma uye yakaoma kumutsa.Uye inotora hydroxyethyl cellulose uye alkali kuzvimba thickening compound, hapana post-thickening, hapana yakaoma precipitation, nyore kubvongodza, asi panewo mvura shoma.Nekudaro, kana hydroxyethyl cellulose ne polyurethane zvichishandiswa kukobvu, kuparadzaniswa kwemvura ndiko kwakanyanya kuoma, asi hapana kunaya kwakaoma.Alkali-swellable thickening uye polyurethane zvinoshandiswa pamwe chete, kunyange zvazvo kupatsanurwa kwemvura kunenge kusina kuparadzaniswa kwemvura, asi mushure mekuwedzera, uye sediment iri pasi yakaoma kumutsa zvakaenzana.Uye iyo yekupedzisira inoshandisa shoma shoma yehydroxyethyl cellulose ine alkali kuzvimba uye polyurethane thickening kuti ive nechimiro chakafanana pasina kunaya uye kuparadzaniswa kwemvura.Zvinogona kuoneka kuti mune yakachena acrylic emulsion system ine yakasimba hydrophobicity, zvakanyanya kukomba kukora chikamu chemvura ne hydrophilic hydroxyethyl cellulose, asi inogona kumutswa zviri nyore zvakafanana.Iko kushandiswa kumwe chete kwe hydrophobic alkali kuzvimba uye polyurethane (kana mubatanidzwa wavo) kukora, kunyangwe kuita kwekurwisa-kuparadzaniswa kwemvura kuri nani, asi zvese zvinokora mushure, uye kana paine kunaya, kunonzi kunaya kwakaoma, izvo zvakaoma kumutsa zvakaenzana.Kushandiswa kweselulosi uye polyurethane komboni kukora, nekuda kwekusiyana kwakanyanya muhydrophilic uye lipophilic values, kunoguma nekuparadzana kwakanyanya kwemvura uye kunaya kwemvura, asi sediment yakapfava uye iri nyore kubvongodza.Iyo yekupedzisira fomula ine yakanakisa anti-mvura yekuparadzanisa kuita nekuda kwechiyero chirinani pakati pehydrophilic uye lipophilic.Ehe, mune chaiyo formula dhizaini dhizaini, mhando dze emulsions uye wetting uye dispersing agents uye yavo hydrophilic uye lipophilic tsika dzinofanirawo kutariswa.Chete pavanenge vasvika pachiyero chakanaka ndipo iyo system inogona kunge iri mumamiriro eiyo thermodynamic equilibrium uye ine yakanaka yeMvura kuramba.

Mune iyo thickening system, kukora kwechikamu chemvura dzimwe nguva kunoperekedzwa nekuwedzera kweiyo viscosity yechikamu chemafuta.Semuenzaniso, isu tinowanzo tenda kuti cellulose thickeners inokora chikamu chemvura, asi cellulose inogoverwa muchikamu chemvura.