Nā waiwai o ka Cationic Cellulose Ether Solution

Ua aʻo ʻia nā waiwai hoʻonā dilute o kahi kiʻekiʻe-charge-density cationic cellulose ether (KG-30M) ma nā koina pH like ʻole me kahi mea hoʻopuehu laser, mai ka radius hydrodynamic (Rh) ma nā kihi ʻokoʻa, a me ke kumu mean square radius o ka rotation. Rg ʻO ka ratio i ka Rh e hōʻike ana he ʻano like ʻole kona ʻano akā kokoke i ka pōʻai.A laila, me ke kōkua o ka rheometer, ua aʻo ʻia i nā kikoʻī kikoʻī, me ke kōkua ʻana o ka rheometer, ʻekolu mau mea hoʻonā o ka cationic cellulose ethers me nā density charge like ʻole, a ua kūkākūkā ʻia ka mana o ka neʻe ʻana, ka waiwai pH a me kāna mau uku ponoʻī ma kāna mau waiwai rheological.I ka piʻi ʻana o ka manaʻo, ua emi mua ka exponent o Newton a laila emi iho.Hiki mai ka fluctuation a i ʻole ka hoʻihoʻi hou ʻana, a loaʻa ka ʻano thixotropic ma 3% (haʻina nui).He mea maikaʻi ka mānoanoa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa no ka loaʻa ʻana o ka viscosity zero-shear kiʻekiʻe, a he liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka pH i kona viscosity.

Hua'ōlelo nui:cationic cellulose ether;morphology;ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele viscosity;rheology

Ua hoʻohana nui ʻia nā derivatives cellulose a me kā lākou mau polymers hana i hoʻololi ʻia i loko o nā ʻano o nā huahana physiological a me ka maʻemaʻe, petrochemical, lāʻau lapaʻau, meaʻai, nā huahana mālama pilikino, ʻōpala, etc. hiki, hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kemika i kēlā me kēia lā, ʻoi aku ka shampoos, a hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hui ʻana o ka lauoho ma hope o ka shampooing.I ka manawa like, ma muli o kona kūlike maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā shampoos ʻelua-ma-hoʻokahi a me nā mea āpau.Loaʻa iā ia kahi manaʻo noi maikaʻi a ua huki i ka manaʻo o nā ʻāina like ʻole.Ua hōʻike ʻia ma ka moʻolelo e hōʻike ana nā hopena derivative cellulose i nā ʻano like me ka wai Newtonian, ka wai pseudoplastic, ka wai thixotropic a me ka wai viscoelastic me ka piʻi ʻana o ka noʻonoʻo, akā ʻo ka morphology, rheology a me nā mea hoʻohālikelike o ka cationic cellulose ether i loko o ka wai wai. hōʻike noiʻi.Ke kālele nei kēia pepa i ka ʻano rheological o quaternary ammonium modified cellulose aqueous solution, i mea e hāʻawi ai i kahi kuhikuhi no ka hoʻohana pono.

1. Māhele hoʻokolohua

1.1 Mea maka

Cationic cellulose ether (KG-30M, JR-30M, LR-30M);ʻO ka huahana Canada Dow Chemical Company, hāʻawi ʻia e Procter & Gamble Company Kobe R&D Center ma Iapana, i ana ʻia e Vario EL elemental analyzer (German Elemental Company), ka laʻana ʻO ka maʻiʻo nitrogen he 2.7%, 1.8%, 1.0% kēlā me kēia (ʻo ka nui o ka uku. 1.9 Meq/g, 1.25 Meq/g, 0.7 Meq/g i kēlā me kēia), a ua ho'āʻo ʻia e ka German ALV-5000E laser light Scattering instrument (LLS) ana i kona kaumaha awelika molecular kaumaha ma kahi o 1.64×106g/mol.

1.2 Hoʻomākaukau hoʻonā

Ua hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia ka hāpana e ka kānana, ka dialysis a me ka maloʻo maloʻo.E kaupaona i ke kaʻina o ʻekolu mau laʻana nui, a e hoʻohui i ka hoʻonā paʻa maʻamau me ka pH 4.00, 6.86, 9.18 e hoʻomākaukau ai i ka manaʻo i koi ʻia.I mea e hōʻoia ai i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ʻana o nā laʻana, ua kau ʻia nā hāʻina hāpana a pau ma luna o kahi mea hoʻonā magnetic no 48 mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.

1.3 Ana hoʻopuehu māmā

E hoʻohana i ka LLS no ke ana ʻana i ke kaumaha o ka molekala kaumaha o ka hāpana i loko o ka wai hoʻoheheʻe wai, ka radius hydrodynamic a me ke kumu mean square radius o ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka lua o Villi coefficient a me nā kihi ʻokoʻa,) ka hoʻonā wai ma kona kūlana ratio.

1.4 Ana viscosity a me ka noiʻi rheological

Ua aʻo ʻia ka hopena CCE i hoʻopaʻa ʻia e Brookfield RVDV-III+ rheometer, a ua noiʻi ʻia ka mana o ka neʻe ʻana, ka nui o ka uku a me ka waiwai pH ma nā waiwai rheological e like me ka laʻana viscosity.Ma nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, pono e noiʻi i kāna thixotropy.

2. Nā hopena a me ke kūkākūkā

2.1 Ka noiʻi ʻana e pili ana i ka hoʻopuehu māmā

Ma muli o kāna ʻano molekala kūikawā, he paʻakikī ke noho ʻana ma ke ʻano o kahi mole hoʻokahi a i loko o kahi solvent maikaʻi, akā ma ke ʻano o kekahi mau micelles paʻa, hui a hui paha.

I ka wā i ʻike ʻia ai ka wai hoʻoheheʻe wai (~ o.1%) o CCE me kahi microscope polarizing, ma lalo o ke kua o ke kahua orthogonal keʻa ʻeleʻele, ua ʻike ʻia nā kikoʻī "hōkū" a me nā kaola ʻālohilohi.Ua hōʻike hou ʻia e ka hoʻopuehu māmā, ka radius hydrodynamic ikaika ma nā pH like ʻole a me nā kihi, ʻo ke kumu mean square radius o ka rotation a me ka lua Villi coefficient i loaʻa mai ka Berry diagram i helu ʻia ma Tab.1. ʻO ka pakuhi mahele o ka hana radius hydrodynamic i loaʻa ma kahi o 10-5 ka nui o ka piko hoʻokahi, akā he ākea loa ka māhele (Fig. 1), e hōʻike ana aia nā hui molecular-level a me nā hui nui i loko o ka pūnaewele. ;Aia nā hoʻololi, a ʻo nā koina Rg/Rb a puni ka 0.775, e hōʻike ana i ke ʻano o ka CCE i loko o ka hoʻonā kokoke i ka pōʻai, akā ʻaʻole lawa maʻamau.ʻAʻole maopopo ka hopena o ka pH ma Rb a me Rg.Hoʻopili ka counterion i loko o ka hoʻonā paʻa me CCE e pale i ka hoʻopiʻi ma kona kaulahao ʻaoʻao a hoʻoemi, akā ʻokoʻa ka ʻokoʻa me ke ʻano o ka counterion.Hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia ke ana ʻana o nā polymers i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka wā lōʻihi a me ka hoʻopili ʻana i waho, no laila aia kekahi mau hewa a me nā palena i ka hōʻailona LLS.Ke ʻoi aku ka hapa nui ma mua o 0.02%, aia ka hapa nui o nā piko pālua ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia a i ʻole nā ​​piko he nui i ke kiʻi hoʻohele Rh.Ke piʻi aʻe ka manaʻo, piʻi pū ka Rh, e hōʻike ana i ka pili ʻana a i ʻole ka hui ʻana o nā macromolecules.I ka manawa a Cao et al.hoʻohana i ka hoʻopuehu māmā e aʻo i ka copolymer o carboxymethyl cellulose a me nā macromers surface-active, aia nō hoʻi nā puʻu pālua ʻelua, ʻo kekahi o ia ma waena o 30nm a me 100nm, e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o nā micelles ma ka pae mole, a ʻo kekahi ʻO ka peak Rh he mea pili. nui, i manaʻo ʻia he hui, e like me nā hopena i hoʻoholo ʻia ma kēia pepa.

2.2 Ka noiʻi e pili ana i ka hana rheological

2.2.1 Ka hopena o ka noonoo ana:E ana i ka viscosity ikea o KG-30M hoʻonā me nā 'okoʻa kaʻina ma ka like 'ole ana au, a e like me ka logarithmic ano o ka mana kanawai hoohalike i manaoia e Ostwald-Dewaele, i ka wa i oi aku ka nuipa o ka hakina 0.7% , a me ka moʻo o ka pololei laina. ua loaʻa nā coefficient huila laina ʻoi aku ma mua o 0.99.A i ka piʻi ʻana o ka manaʻo, e emi ana ka waiwai o Newton exponent n (emi a pau ma lalo o 1), e hōʻike ana i kahi wai pseudoplastic maopopo.Me ka ikaika shear, hoʻomaka nā kaulahao macromolecular e wehe a hoʻoneʻe, no laila e emi ka viscosity.Ke oi aku ka hakina nui ma mua o 0.7%, e emi iho ka huina hooponopono laina o ka laina pololei i loaa mai (ma kahi o 0.98), a n hoomaka e hoololi a pii paha me ka pii ana o ka noonoo;ke piʻi ka hakina nui i 3% (Fig. 2), ka papaʻaina E piʻi mua ka viscosity i ʻike ʻia a laila e emi iho me ka piʻi ʻana o ka nui o ka shear rate.He ʻokoʻa kēia pūʻulu o nā hanana mai nā hōʻike o nā mea hoʻonā anionic a me ka cationic polymer solution.Piʻi ka n waiwai, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua nāwaliwali ka waiwai ʻole Newtonian;ʻO ka wai ʻo Newtonian he wai ʻeleʻele, a ʻo ka paheʻe intermolecular i hana ʻia ma lalo o ka hana o ke koʻikoʻi shear, a ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia;ʻO ka wai non-Newtonian kahi ʻāpana elastic hiki ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia a me kahi ʻāpana viscous hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi hou ʻia.Ma lalo o ka hana o ke koʻikoʻi shear, hiki mai ka paheʻe hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia ma waena o nā molekala, a i ka manawa like, no ka mea, ua kikoo ʻia nā macromolecules me ka ʻāʻī, ua hana ʻia kahi ʻāpana elastic hou.Ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia ka ikaika o waho, e hoʻi ka macromolecules i ke ʻano curled kumu, no laila piʻi ka waiwai o n.Ke hoʻomau nei ka manaʻo e hoʻonui i ka hoʻolālā pūnaewele.Ke liʻiliʻi ke koʻikoʻi shear, ʻaʻole ia e luku ʻia, a ʻo ka deformation elastic wale nō e hiki mai.I kēia manawa, e hoʻonui ʻia ka elasticity, e nāwaliwali ka viscosity, a e emi ka waiwai o n;ʻoiai ke piʻi mālie nei ke koʻikoʻi ʻāwili i ka wā o ke ana ʻana, no laila n Ke loli nei ka waiwai.Ke piʻi ka hakina nui i 3%, piʻi mua ka viscosity i ʻike ʻia a emi iho, no ka mea, ʻo ka ʻāhi liʻiliʻi e hoʻoikaika i ka hui ʻana o nā macromolecules e hana i nā aggregates nui, no laila piʻi ka viscosity, a hoʻomau ke koʻikoʻi ʻako e wāwahi i nā aggregates., e emi hou ana ka viscosity.

I ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana i ka thixotropy, e hoʻonoho i ka māmā holo (r/min) a hiki i ka y i makemake ʻia, e hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki i nā manawa maʻamau a hiki i ka waiwai i hoʻonohonoho ʻia, a laila e hāʻule koke mai ka māmā kiʻekiʻe a hoʻi i ka waiwai mua e loaʻa ai ka mea pili. Hōʻike ʻia ke koʻikoʻi ʻāwili, kona pilina me ka laulima ʻāwili ma ke kiʻi. ʻoi aku ka lōʻihi, a ua lohi ka laina i lalo, e hōʻike ana i ka thixotropy.

ʻO ka hilinaʻi manawa o ke koʻikoʻi shear ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka rheological resistance.ʻO ke kūpaʻa Rheological kahi ʻano ʻano o nā wai viscoelastic a me nā wai me nā hale thixotropic.Ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ka nui o ka y ma ka hakina nui like, ʻoi aku ka wikiwiki o ka r hiki i ke kaulike, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hilinaʻi manawa;ma kahi hakina haʻahaʻa (<2%), ʻaʻole hōʻike ʻo CCE i ke kūpaʻa rheological.Ke piʻi ka hakina nui i 2.5%, hōʻike ia i ka hilinaʻi manawa ikaika (Fig. 4), a he 10 mau minuke a hiki i ke kaulike, ʻoiai ma 3.0%, ʻo 50 mau minuke ka manawa kaulike.ʻO ka thixotropy maikaʻi o ka ʻōnaehana i kūpono i ka hoʻohana pono.

2.2.2 Ka hopena o ka nui o ka uku:koho 'ia ke 'ano logarithmic o ka Spencer-Dillon empirical formula, kahi i mau ai ka viscosity zero-cut, b i ka like a me ka mahana like 'ole, a e pi'i a'e me ka pi'i 'ana o ka ho'onui 'ana i ka mahana like.E like me ka hoʻohālikelike kānāwai mana i apono ʻia e Onogi i ka makahiki 1966, ʻo M ka nui molekala pili o ka polymer, ʻo A a me B nā mea mau, a ʻo c ka hakina nui (%).Fig.5 Loaʻa i nā ʻōpuni ʻekolu nā kiko hoʻololi ʻike ma kahi o 0.6%, ʻo ia hoʻi, aia kahi hakina nuipaʻa koʻikoʻi.ʻOi aku ma mua o 0.6%, piʻi wikiwiki ka viscosity zero-shear me ka piʻi ʻana o ka manaʻo C. Ua kokoke loa nā pihi o nā laʻana ʻekolu me nā density charge like ʻole.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, i ka wā o ka hakina nui ma waena o 0.2% a me 0.8%, ʻo ka viscosity zero-cut viscosity o ka hāpana LR me ka liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi o ka puʻupuʻu ʻoi aku ka nui loa, no ka mea, pono ka pilina o ka hydrogen bond.No laila, pili pili ka nui o ka hoʻopiʻi inā hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā macromolecules ma kahi ʻano hoʻonohonoho a paʻa;ma o ka ho'āʻo DSC, ua ʻike ʻia he palupalu crystallization peak ka LR, e hōʻike ana i ka nui o ka uku kūpono, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity zero-shear i ka ʻike like.Ke emi ka hakina nui ma mua o 0.2%, ʻo LR ka mea liʻiliʻi loa, no ka mea, ma ka dilute solution, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā macromolecules me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa e hana i ka orientation coil, no laila ua haʻahaʻa ka viscosity zero-shear.He kumu alakaʻi maikaʻi kēia ma ke ʻano o ka hana mānoanoa.

2.2.3 hopena pH: ʻO ke kiʻi 6 ka hopena i ana ʻia ma ka pH like ʻole i loko o ka laulā o 0.05% a i 2.5% hapa nui.Aia kahi helu inflection ma kahi o 0.45%, akā ʻo nā ʻāpana ʻekolu ʻaneʻane e uhi, e hōʻike ana ʻaʻohe hopena o ka pH i ka viscosity zero-shear, he ʻokoʻa loa ia mai ka naʻau o ka anionic cellulose ether i ka pH.

3. Ka hopena

Ua aʻo ʻia ka KG-30M dilute aqueous solution e LLS, a ʻo ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka radius hydrodynamic i loaʻa he kiʻekiʻe hoʻokahi.Mai ka huina kihi a me ka ratio Rg/Rb, hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ua kokoke kona ʻano i ka pōʻai, akā ʻaʻole lawa ka maʻamau.No nā hāʻina CCE me ʻekolu mau mānoanoa hoʻoili, piʻi ka viscosity me ka piʻi ʻana o ka hoʻonui ʻana, akā ʻo ka helu hahai holoholona o Newton n emi mua, a laila fluctuates a piʻi aʻe;He liʻiliʻi ka hopena o ka pH i ka viscosity, a hiki ke loaʻa i ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe.