Abubuwan Kayayyakin Cationic Cellulose Ether Solution

An yi nazarin kaddarorin maganin dilution na babban cajin cationic cellulose ether (KG-30M) a ma'aunin pH daban-daban tare da kayan aikin watsawa na laser, daga radius hydrodynamic (Rh) a kusurwoyi daban-daban, kuma tushen yana nufin murabba'in radius na juyawa. Rg Rabo zuwa Rh yana nuna cewa siffar sa ba ta dace ba amma tana kusa da siffa.Sa'an nan, tare da taimakon rheometer, uku mayar da hankali mafita na cationic cellulose ethers tare da daban-daban cajin yawa an yi nazari daki-daki, da kuma tasiri na maida hankali, pH darajar da nasa cajin yawa a kan ta rheological Properties.Yayin da maida hankali ya karu, ma'anar Newton ya fara raguwa sannan ya ragu.Sauye-sauye ko ma sake dawowa yana faruwa, kuma halayen thixotropic yana faruwa a kashi 3% (ƙasassun taro).Matsakaicin matsakaicin nauyin caji yana da fa'ida don samun danko mai girman sifili, kuma pH ba ta da wani tasiri a kan dankonta.

Mabuɗin kalmomi:cationic cellulose ether;ilimin halittar jiki;sifili shear danko;rheology

Abubuwan da aka samo asali na Cellulose da gyare-gyaren polymers na aikin su an yi amfani da su sosai a fannonin ilimin lissafi da samfuran tsabta, petrochemicals, magani, abinci, samfuran kulawa na sirri, marufi, da dai sauransu. Ruwa mai narkewa cationic cellulose ether (CCE) ne saboda ta Tare da karfi thickening. iyawa, ana amfani dashi sosai a cikin sinadarai na yau da kullun, musamman ma shamfu, kuma yana iya haɓaka combability na gashi bayan wanke gashi.A lokaci guda kuma, saboda dacewarsa mai kyau, ana iya amfani dashi a cikin shamfu guda biyu-in-daya da duk-in-daya.Har ila yau, yana da kyakkyawan fata na aikace-aikace kuma ya ja hankalin kasashe daban-daban.An ba da rahoto a cikin wallafe-wallafen cewa hanyoyin da aka samo asali na cellulose suna nuna halaye irin su ruwa na Newtonian, ruwa mai pseudoplastic, ruwa na thixotropic da ruwa na viscoelastic tare da karuwar maida hankali, amma ilimin halittar jiki, rheology da abubuwan tasiri na cationic cellulose ether a cikin maganin ruwa Akwai 'yan kaɗan. rahoton bincike.Wannan takarda ta mayar da hankali kan halayen rheological na quaternary ammonium modified cellulose aqueous bayani, don samar da tunani don aikace-aikacen aiki.

1. Bangaren gwaji

1.1 Kayan danye

Cationic cellulose ether (KG-30M, JR-30M, LR-30M);Kamfanin Kamfanin Dow Chemical na Kanada, wanda Kamfanin Procter & Gamble Kamfanin Kobe R&D ya bayar a Japan, wanda aka auna ta Vario EL elemental analyzer (Kamfanin Elemental na Jamus), samfurin abun ciki na nitrogen shine 2.7%, 1.8%, 1.0% bi da bi (yawan cajin shine 1.9 Meq/g, 1.25 Meq/g, 0.7 Meq/g bi da bi), kuma an gwada shi da Jamusanci ALV-5000E Laser Light Scattering kayan aiki (LLS) ya auna matsakaicin nauyin kwayar halitta kusan 1.64×106g/m.

1.2 Shirye-shiryen Magani

An tsarkake samfurin ta hanyar tacewa, dialysis da bushewa.Auna jerin samfuran ƙididdigewa uku bi da bi, kuma ƙara daidaitaccen maganin buffer tare da pH 4.00, 6.86, 9.18 don shirya taro da ake buƙata.Domin tabbatar da cewa samfurori sun narkar da su, an sanya duk samfurorin samfurori a kan mai motsa jiki na 48 hours kafin gwaji.

1.3 Ma'aunin watsawa mai haske

Yi amfani da LLS don auna ma'auni-matsakaicin nauyin kwayoyin samfurin a cikin maganin ruwa mai ruwa,, radius na hydrodynamic da tushen ma'anar radius murabba'i na juyawa lokacin da na biyu na Villi coefficient da kusurwoyi daban-daban,), kuma infer cewa wannan cationic cellulose ether yana cikin da ruwa bayani ta hanyar rabo matsayi.

1.4 Ma'aunin danko da binciken rheological

An yi nazarin maganin CCE mai mahimmanci ta hanyar Brookfield RVDV-III + rheometer, kuma an bincika tasirin maida hankali, yawan caji da ƙimar pH akan kaddarorin rheological kamar samfurin danko.A mafi girma maida hankali, shi wajibi ne don bincika ta thixotropy.

2. Sakamako da tattaunawa

2.1 Bincike akan Watsawar Haske

Saboda tsarinsa na musamman na kwayoyin halitta, yana da wuya a wanzu a cikin nau'i na kwayoyin halitta ko da a cikin mai kyau mai ƙarfi, amma a cikin nau'i na wasu miceles barga, gungu ko ƙungiyoyi.

Lokacin da aka ga bayani mai tsarma ruwa (~ o.1%) na CCE tare da na'ura mai ɗaukar hoto, a ƙarƙashin bangon filin giciye na baki, "tauraro" masu haske da sanduna masu haske sun bayyana.Hakanan yana da alaƙa da watsawar haske, radius mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi a pH da kusurwoyi daban-daban, tushen ma'anar murabba'in radius na juyawa da na biyun Villi coefficient da aka samu daga zane na Berry an jera su a cikin Tab.1. Rubutun rarraba na aikin radius na hydrodynamic da aka samu a ƙaddamarwa na 10-5 shine mafi yawan kololuwa guda ɗaya, amma rarraba yana da fadi sosai (Fig. 1), yana nuna cewa akwai ƙungiyoyi masu matakan kwayoyin halitta da manyan tarawa a cikin tsarin. ;Akwai canje-canje, kuma ƙimar Rg/Rb duk suna kusa da 0.775, yana nuna cewa siffar CCE a cikin bayani yana kusa da siffa, amma ba daidai ba ne.Tasirin pH akan Rb da Rg ba a bayyane yake ba.Ƙididdigar da ke cikin maganin buffer yana hulɗa da CCE don kare cajin akan sarkar gefensa kuma ya sa ya ragu, amma bambancin ya bambanta da nau'in juzu'i.Ma'aunin watsewar haske na polymers da aka caje yana da sauƙi ga hulɗar ƙarfi mai tsayi da tsangwama na waje, don haka akwai wasu kurakurai da iyakancewa a cikin halayen LLS.Lokacin da juzu'in taro ya fi 0.02%, akwai galibin kololuwa biyu waɗanda ba za a iya raba su ba ko ma da yawa kololuwa a cikin zanen rarraba Rh.Yayin da maida hankali ya karu, Rh kuma yana ƙaruwa, yana nuna cewa ƙarin macromolecules suna haɗuwa ko ma tarawa.Lokacin Cao et al.An yi amfani da watsawar haske don nazarin copolymer na carboxymethyl cellulose da macromers masu aiki, akwai kuma kololuwa biyu waɗanda ba za a iya raba su ba, ɗaya daga cikinsu yana tsakanin 30nm da 100nm, yana wakiltar samuwar micelles a matakin ƙwayoyin cuta, ɗayan kuma Rh kololuwa yana da ɗanɗano. babba, wanda aka yi la'akari da shi azaman tarawa, wanda yayi kama da sakamakon da aka ƙayyade a cikin wannan takarda.

2.2 Bincike akan halayen rheological

2.2.1 Tasirin Natsuwa:Auna da bayyana danko na KG-30M mafita tare da daban-daban taro a daban-daban karfi rates, kuma bisa ga logarithmic nau'i na ikon doka equation samarwa da Ostwald-Dewaele, lokacin da taro juzu'i bai wuce 0.7% , da kuma jerin madaidaiciya Lines. tare da madaidaitan ma'auni fiye da 0.99 an samu.Kuma yayin da maida hankali ya karu, ƙimar Newton's exponent n yana raguwa (duk ƙasa da 1), yana nuna ruwa mai tsafta.Ƙaddamar da ƙarfin ƙarfi, sarƙoƙi na macromolecular sun fara kwancewa kuma suna fuskantar gabas, don haka danko yana raguwa.Lokacin da yawan juzu'i ya fi 0.7%, madaidaicin daidaitawar layin da aka samu madaidaiciya ya ragu (kimanin 0.98), kuma n ya fara canzawa ko ma tashi tare da haɓaka haɓaka;lokacin da juzu'i mai yawa ya kai 3% (Fig. 2), teburin Dankin da ya bayyana ya fara karuwa sannan kuma ya ragu tare da karuwa da raguwa.Wannan jerin abubuwan al'amura sun bambanta da rahotannin sauran hanyoyin maganin anionic da cationic polymer.Ƙimar n ta tashi, wato, dukiyar da ba Newtonian ba ta raunana;Ruwan Newtonian ruwa ne mai danko, kuma zamewar intermolecular yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin aikin damuwa mai ƙarfi, kuma ba za a iya dawo da shi ba;Ruwan da ba na Newtonian yana ƙunshe da ɓangaren roba mai iya dawowa da wani ɓangaren da ba a iya murmurewa.A karkashin aikin danniya mai karfi, zamewar da ba za a iya canzawa ba tsakanin kwayoyin halitta yana faruwa, kuma a lokaci guda, saboda an shimfiɗa macromolecules da daidaitawa tare da shear, an kafa wani sashi na roba mai farfadowa.Lokacin da aka cire ƙarfin waje, macromolecules suna komawa zuwa ainihin nau'i na lanƙwasa, don haka darajar n ta tashi.Tattaunawar ta ci gaba da karuwa don samar da tsarin cibiyar sadarwa.Lokacin da danniya ya yi ƙanƙara, ba za a lalata shi ba, kuma kawai nakasawa na roba zai faru.A wannan lokacin, elasticity za a inganta ingantacciyar haɓaka, danko zai raunana, kuma darajar n zai ragu;yayin da damuwa mai ƙarfi yana ƙaruwa a hankali yayin aikin ma'auni, don haka n Ƙimar tana canzawa.Lokacin da yawan juzu'i ya kai kashi 3%, dankowar da aka bayyana ta fara karuwa sannan kuma ta ragu, saboda karamin shear yana inganta karon macromolecules don samar da manyan abubuwan tarawa, don haka danko ya tashi, danniya ya ci gaba da karya abubuwan da aka tara., danko zai sake raguwa.

A cikin binciken thixotropy, saita saurin (r / min) don isa ga y da ake so, ƙara saurin gudu a cikin tazara na yau da kullun har sai ya kai ƙimar da aka saita, sa'an nan kuma da sauri sauke daga matsakaicin saurin komawa zuwa ƙimar farko don samun daidai. Ƙarƙashin ƙwayar cuta, dangantakarsa da raguwar raguwa yana nunawa a cikin siffa 3. Lokacin da ƙananan ƙananan ya kasance kasa da 2.5%, lanƙwasa na sama da ƙasa da ƙasa gaba ɗaya sun mamaye gaba ɗaya, amma lokacin da yawan adadin ya kasance 3%, layin biyu babu. tsayi mai tsayi, kuma layin ƙasa yana baya, yana nuna thixotropy.

Dogarowar lokaci na damuwa mai ƙarfi an san shi da juriya na rheological.Juriya na rheological hali ne na abubuwan ruwa na viscoelastic da ruwa tare da sifofin thixotropic.An gano cewa mafi girma y yana cikin juzu'i guda ɗaya, saurin r ya kai ga daidaito, kuma dogaron lokaci ya fi ƙanƙanta;a ƙananan juzu'i (<2%), CCE baya nuna juriya na rheological.Lokacin da yawan juzu'i ya karu zuwa 2.5%, yana nuna dogaro mai ƙarfi na lokaci (Fig. 4), kuma yana ɗaukar kimanin mintuna 10 don isa daidaito, yayin da a 3.0%, lokacin daidaitawa yana ɗaukar mintuna 50.Kyakkyawan thixotropy na tsarin yana da amfani ga aikace-aikacen aiki.

2.2.2 Tasirin yawan caji:an zaɓi nau'in nau'in logarithmic na ƙirar ƙirar Spencer-Dillon, wanda a cikin abin da aka yanke sifili, b yana da tsayi a daidai wannan taro da zafin jiki daban-daban, kuma yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka haɓakawa a cikin zafin jiki iri ɗaya.Dangane da lissafin ka'idar ikon da Onogi ya ɗauka a cikin 1966, M shine dangi na kwayoyin halitta na polymer, A da B sune madaidaitan, kuma c shine juzu'in taro (%).Hoto.5 Hanyoyi guda uku suna da madaidaitan maki juzu'i a kusa da 0.6%, wato, akwai babban juzu'i mai mahimmanci.Fiye da 0.6%, sifili-shear danko yana ƙaruwa da sauri tare da haɓakar maida hankali C. Ƙirar samfurori guda uku tare da nau'in caji daban-daban suna kusa.Sabanin haka, lokacin da yawan juzu'i ya kasance tsakanin 0.2% da 0.8%, sifili-yanke danko na samfurin LR tare da mafi ƙarancin caji shine mafi girma, saboda ƙungiyar haɗin gwiwar hydrogen tana buƙatar takamaiman lamba.Saboda haka, yawan cajin yana da alaƙa da alaƙa da ko za a iya shirya macromolecules a cikin tsari da tsari;ta hanyar gwajin DSC, an gano cewa LR yana da ƙarancin crystallization kololuwa, yana nuna ƙimar cajin da ta dace, kuma dankon sifili ya fi girma a daidai wannan taro.Lokacin da yawan juzu'i ya kasance ƙasa da 0.2%, LR shine mafi ƙanƙanta, saboda a cikin maganin dilute, macromolecules tare da ƙarancin cajin cajin suna da yuwuwar samar da daidaitawar coil, don haka dankon sifili ya yi ƙasa.Wannan yana da ma'anar jagora mai kyau dangane da aikin kauri.

2.2.3 pH sakamako: Hoto 6 shine sakamakon da aka auna a pH daban-daban a cikin kewayon 0.05% zuwa 2.5% juzu'in taro.Akwai ma'anar jujjuyawa a kusa da 0.45%, amma masu lanƙwasa guda uku sun kusan haɗuwa, yana nuna cewa pH ba shi da wani tasiri a fili akan danko-shear, wanda ya bambanta da hankalin anionic cellulose ether zuwa pH.

3. Kammalawa

LLS ne ke nazarin maganin KG-30M dilute mai ruwa, kuma rarraba radiyon hydrodynamic da aka samu kololuwa ce.Daga dogaron kusurwa da rabon Rg/Rb, ana iya gane cewa siffarsa tana kusa da siffa, amma bai isa ba na yau da kullun.Don mafita na CCE tare da nau'ikan caji uku, danko yana ƙaruwa tare da haɓaka haɓaka, amma lambar farauta ta Newton n ta fara raguwa, sannan tana canzawa har ma ta tashi;pH yana da ɗan tasiri akan danko, kuma matsakaicin matsakaicin caji zai iya samun ɗanko mafi girma.