1. Uhlolojikelele oluyisisekelo lwemboni:
Ama-non-ionic cellulose ether ahlanganisa i-HPMC, i-HEC, i-MHEC, i-MC, i-HPC, njll., futhi asetshenziswa kakhulu njengama-ejenti enza ifilimu, ama-binders, ama-dispersants, ama-ejenti agcina amanzi, ama-thickeners, ama-emulsifiers nezinzalisi, njll., asetshenziswa kakhulu emikhakheni eminingi efana nezingubo zokugqoka, izinto zokwakha, imikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke, ukuhlola kwamafutha negesi, imithi, ukudla, izindwangu, ukwenza amaphepha, njll.
Ama-Ionic cellulose ethers ikakhulukazi ayi-CMC kanye nomkhiqizo wayo oshintshiwe we-PAC.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-non-ionic cellulose ethers, i-ionic cellulose ethers inokumelana okuphansi kwezinga lokushisa, ukumelana nosawoti nokuzinza, futhi ukusebenza kwabo kuthinteka kakhulu emhlabeni wangaphandle.Futhi kulula ukusabela nge-Ca2+ equkethwe kwezinye izinto zokumboza nezinto zokwakha ukuze kukhiqizwe imvula, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kancane emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha nezingubo.Kodwa-ke, ngenxa yokuncibilika kahle kwamanzi, ukuqina, ukubopha, ukwakheka kwefilimu, ukugcinwa komswakama kanye nokuzinza kokuhlakazeka, kuhambisana nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza obuvuthiwe kanye nezindleko zokukhiqiza eziphansi, isetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokuhlanza, ukuhlola uwoyela negesi kanye nezithasiselo Zokudla neminye imikhakha. .
2. Umlando wokuthuthukiswa komkhakha:
① Umlando wokuthuthuka wemboni ye-non-ionic cellulose ether: Ngo-1905, i-etherification ye-cellulose yabonakala okokuqala emhlabeni, kusetshenziswa i-dimethyl sulfate kanye ne-alkali-swelled cellulose ye-methylation.Ama-nonionic cellulose ether anikwe ilungelo lobunikazi ngu-Lilienfeld ngo-1912, kwathi u-Dreyfus (1914) no-Leuchs (1920) bathola ama-cellulose ethers ancibilika emanzini kanye nanamafutha ancibilikayo, ngokulandelana.U-Hubert wenza i-HEC ngo-1920. Ekuqaleni kwawo-1920, i-carboxymethylcellulose yayithengiswa eJalimane.Kusukela ngo-1937 kuya ku-1938, i-United States yabona ukukhiqizwa kwezimboni kwe-MC ne-HEC.Ngemva kuka-1945, ukukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether kwanda ngokushesha eNtshonalanga Yurophu, e-United States naseJapane.Ngemva kweminyaka ecishe ibe yikhulu yentuthuko, i-non-ionic cellulose ether isiphenduke into eluhlaza yamakhemikhali esetshenziswa kakhulu emhlabeni.
Kusenegebe elithile phakathi kwamazwe asathuthuka namazwe athuthukile ngokwezinga lenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nezinkambu zokusetshenziswa komkhiqizo zama-non-ionic cellulose ethers.Mayelana nobuchwepheshe bokukhiqiza, amazwe athuthukile njengeYurophu, iNyakatho Melika, neJapane anobuchwepheshe obuvuthiwe nobuchwepheshe, futhi ikakhulukazi akhiqiza imikhiqizo esezingeni eliphezulu efana nezingubo zokumboza, ukudla, nemithi;amazwe asathuthuka anesidingo esikhulu se-CMC ne-HPMC, futhi ubuchwepheshe bunzima ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-cellulose ether enezidingo eziphansi kakhulu ukukhiqizwa okuyinhloko, futhi insimu yezinto zokwakha imakethe enkulu yabathengi.
Ngokuphathelene nezinkambu zokufaka izicelo, amazwe athuthukile njengeYurophu ne-United States enze uchungechunge lwezimboni oluphelele futhi oluvuthiwe lwemikhiqizo yawo ye-cellulose ether ngenxa yezinto ezifana nokuqala kusenesikhathi namandla e-R&D aqinile, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezansi nomfula zihlanganisa imikhakha eminingi ye-cellulose ether. umnotho wezwe;ngenkathi amazwe asathuthuka Ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuthuthukiswa kwemboni ye-cellulose ether, ububanzi bokusebenza buncane kunamazwe athuthukile.Kodwa-ke, ngokuthuthuka kancane kancane kwezinga lokuthuthukiswa komnotho wamazwe asathuthuka, uchungechunge lwezimboni luvame ukupheleliswa, futhi ububanzi bokusebenza buyaqhubeka nokukhula.
②HEC umlando wokuthuthukiswa komkhakha: I-HEC iyi-hydroxyalkyl cellulose ebalulekile kanye ne-ether ye-cellulose encibilika emanzini enomthamo omkhulu wokukhiqiza emhlabeni.
Ukusetshenziswa kwe-ethylene oxide ewuketshezi njenge-etherification agent ukuze kulungiswe i-HEC kudale inqubo entsha yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether.Ubuchwepheshe obubalulekile obubalulekile namandla okukhiqiza kugxile kakhulu kubakhiqizi abakhulu bamakhemikhali eYurophu, eMelika, eJapan naseNingizimu Korea.I-HEC ezweni lami yasungulwa okokuqala ngo-1977 yiWuxi Chemical Research Institute kanye nomkhiqizo weHarbin Chemical No.Nokho, ngenxa yezinto ezifana nobuchwepheshe obusalele emuva kanye nokuzinza kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo, yehlulekile ukwakha ukuncintisana okuphumelelayo nabakhiqizi bamazwe ngamazwe.Eminyakeni yamuva, abakhiqizi basekhaya abanjengoYin Ying New Materials baye badabula kancane kancane izithiyo zobuchwepheshe, izinqubo zokukhiqiza ezithuthukisiwe, bakha amandla okukhiqiza ngobuningi bemikhiqizo esezingeni elizinzile, futhi bafakwe emkhakheni wokuthengwa ngabakhiqizi abangaphansi komfula, ngokuqhubekayo bekhuthaza inqubo yasekhaya. esikhundleni.
3. Izinkomba zokusebenza eziyinhloko kanye nenqubo yokulungiselela ye-non-ionic cellulose ether:
(1) Izinkomba zokusebenza eziyinhloko ze-non-ionic cellulose ether: izinkomba zokusebenza eziyinhloko zemikhiqizo ye-non-ionic cellulose ether yizinga lokushintshwa kanye ne-viscosity, njll.
(2) Ubuchwepheshe bokulungiselela i-ether ye-cellulose engeyona i-ionic: Enqubweni yokukhiqiza i-cellulose ether, kokubili i-cellulose eluhlaza kanye ne-cellulose ether eyakhiwe ekuqaleni kusesimweni esixubile se-multiphase.Ngenxa yendlela enyakazayo, isilinganiso sezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nefomu lempahla eluhlaza, njll. Uma sikhuluma, ama-ether e-cellulose atholwe ukusabela okungafani nawo wonke awanayo i-homogeneous, futhi kukhona umehluko endaweni, inani kanye nokuhlanzeka komkhiqizo kwamaqembu e-ether, okungukuthi, atholakele. ama-cellulose ether asemaketangeni e-cellulose macromolecular ahlukene, Inombolo nokusatshalaliswa kokushintshwa emaqenjini endandatho ehlukene kashukela ku-cellulose macromolecule efanayo kanye no-C (2), C (3) no-C(6) eqenjini ngalinye lendandatho ye-cellulose ahlukile.Indlela yokuxazulula inkinga yokushintshwa okungalingani kuyisihluthulelo sokulawula ukucubungula inqubo yokukhiqiza i-cellulose ether.
Ukufingqa, ukwelashwa kwempahla eluhlaza, i-alkalization, i-etherification, ukugeza okucwengiwe kanye nezinye izinqubo ohlelweni lokukhiqiza i-non-ionic cellulose ether zonke zinezidingo eziphakeme zokulungiselela ubuchwepheshe, ukulawulwa kwenqubo kanye nemishini yokukhiqiza;ngesikhathi esifanayo, ukukhiqizwa ngobuningi bemikhiqizo yekhwalithi ephezulu kudinga isipiliyoni esicebile kanye namakhono enhlangano yokukhiqiza ephumelelayo.
4. Ukuhlaziywa kwesimo sesicelo semakethe:
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-HEC isetshenziswa ikakhulukazi emikhakheni yokugqoka, amakhemikhali nsuku zonke nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, kodwa imikhiqizo enjalo ngokwayo ingasetshenziswa nakweminye imikhakha eminingi efana nokudla, imithi, uwoyela kanye nokuhlola igesi;Imikhiqizo ye-MHEC isetshenziswa kakhulu emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha.
(1)Inkambu yokumboza:
Izithasiselo zokugqoka ziwuhlelo olubaluleke kakhulu lwemikhiqizo ye-HEC.Uma kuqhathaniswa namanye ama-non-ionic cellulose ethers, i-HEC inezinzuzo ezisobala njengesengezo sokumboza: Okokuqala, i-HEC inokuqina okuhle kwesitoreji, okungathuthukisa ngokuphumelelayo ukuhlasela okuvimbile kwama-enzyme e-biological kumayunithi e-glucose ukuze kugcinwe ukuzinza kwe-viscosity, Qinisekisa ukuthi ukumboza ngeke ukubonakala kwe-delamination ngemva kwesikhathi sokugcina;okwesibili, i-HEC ine-solubility enhle, i-HEC ingancibilika emanzini ashisayo noma abandayo, futhi inesikhathi esithile sokulibaziseka kwe-hydration lapho ichitheka emanzini abandayo, futhi ngeke ibangele i-gel clustering, Ukuhlakazeka okuhle nokuncibilika;Okwesithathu, i-HEC inokuthuthukiswa kombala okuhle nokungahleleki kahle ngemibala eminingi, ukuze upende olungisiwe ube nokuvumelana okuhle kombala nokuzinza.
(2)Inkambu yezinto zokwakha:
Nakuba i-HEC ingahlangabezana nezidingo zezithasiselo ze-cellulose ether emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha, ngenxa yezindleko zayo eziphezulu zokulungiselela, kanye nezidingo eziphansi kakhulu zezakhiwo zomkhiqizo nokusebenza kodaka kanye ne-putty uma kuqhathaniswa nezingubo, izinto zokwakha ezijwayelekile zivame ukukhetha i-HPMC noma i-MHEC. njengezithasiselo eziyinhloko ze-cellulose ether.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-HPMC, isakhiwo samakhemikhali se-MHEC sinamaqembu amaningi we-hydrophilic, ngakho-ke sihlala sizinzile ekushiseni okuphezulu, okungukuthi, sinokuzinza okuhle kokushisa.Ukwengeza, uma kuqhathaniswa nebanga lezinto zokwakha i-HPMC, inezinga lokushisa lejeli eliphakeme kakhulu, futhi ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi nokunamathela kunamandla uma kusetshenziswa ezindaweni zokushisa okuphezulu.
(3)Inkambu yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke:
Ama-cellulose ethers avame ukusetshenziswa kumakhemikhali ansuku zonke yi-CMC ne-HEC.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-CMC, i-HEC inezinzuzo ezithile ekuhlanganeni, ukumelana ne-solvent kanye nokuzinza.Isibonelo, i-CMC ingasetshenziswa njengenamathisela emikhiqizweni yansuku zonke yamakhemikhali ajwayelekile ngaphandle kwefomula ekhethekile esebenzayo yokuhlanganisa.Kodwa-ke, i-anionic CMC iyazwela kuma-ion agxile kakhulu, okuzonciphisa ukusebenza kokunamathela kwe-CMC, futhi ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC emikhiqizweni yamakhemikhali esebenzayo yansuku zonke kunqunyelwe.Ukusebenzisa i-HEC njengesibophezelo sithuthukisa ukusebenza kwe-binder ngokumelene nama-ion agxilile kakhulu, kuthuthukisa kakhulu ukuzinza kwesitoreji semikhiqizo yamakhemikhali yansuku zonke futhi kwandise isikhathi sokugcina.
(4)Inkambu yokuvikela imvelo:
Njengamanje, imikhiqizo ye-HEC isetshenziswa kakhulu ekunamathelweni nakweminye imikhakha yemikhiqizo ethwala uju lwe-ceramic.Isithwali se-ceramic yekhekhe lezinyosi sisetshenziswa kakhulu ohlelweni lwe-exhaust emva kokwelashwa lwenjini yangaphakathi evuthayo njengezimoto nemikhumbi, futhi idlala indima yokwelashwa kwegesi ekhishwayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezindinganiso zokuphuma.
5. Isimo semakethe yamanje ekhaya naphesheya:
(1)Ukubuka konke kwemakethe yomhlaba wonke ye-nonionic cellulose ether:
Ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kwamandla okukhiqiza emhlabeni wonke, ama-43% engqikithi yokukhiqizwa kwe-cellulose ether emhlabeni wonke ngo-2018 avela e-Asia (i-China yabalelwa ku-79% wokukhiqiza wase-Asia), iNtshonalanga Yurophu yaba ngu-36%, kanti iNyakatho Melika yaba ngu-8%.Ngokombono wesidingo somhlaba wonke se-cellulose ether, ukusetshenziswa komhlaba wonke kwe-cellulose ether ngo-2018 cishe kungamathani ayizigidi ezingu-1.1.Kusukela ngo-2018 kuya ku-2023, ukusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether kuzokhula ngesilinganiso sonyaka se-2.9%.
Cishe ingxenye yengqikithi yokusetshenziswa kwe-cellulose ether yomhlaba wonke i-ionic cellulose (emelwe yi-CMC), esetshenziswa kakhulu ezintweni zokuhlanza, izithasiselo zasezindaweni zikawoyela nezithasiselo zokudla;cishe ingxenye eyodwa kwezintathu i-non-ionic methyl cellulose kanye nezinto eziphuma kuyo (emelwe yi-HPMC), kanti ingxenye eyodwa kwesithupha i-hydroxyethyl cellulose kanye nokuphuma kwayo kanye namanye ama-cellulose ether.Ukukhula kwesidingo sama-non-ionic cellulose ethers kuqhutshwa ikakhulukazi ukusetshenziswa emkhakheni wezinto zokwakha, okokuhlanganisa, ukudla, imithi, namakhemikhali ansuku zonke.Ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kwesifunda kwemakethe yabathengi, imakethe yase-Asia iyimakethe ekhula ngokushesha kakhulu.Kusukela ngo-2014 kuya ku-2019, izinga lokukhula elihlanganisiwe lonyaka lesidingo se-cellulose ether e-Asia lifinyelele ku-8.24%.Phakathi kwazo, isidingo esikhulu e-Asia sivela eChina, esibalelwa ku-23% wesidingo somhlaba wonke.
(2)Uhlolojikelele lwemakethe yasekhaya engeyona ionic cellulose ether:
E-China, ama-ether e-ionic cellulose amelwe yi-CMC athuthukiswe ngaphambili, akha inqubo yokukhiqiza eseyivuthiwe kanye namandla amakhulu okukhiqiza.Ngokusho kwedatha ye-IHS, abakhiqizi baseShayina bathathe cishe ingxenye yomthamo wokukhiqiza wemikhiqizo eyisisekelo ye-CMC emhlabeni jikelele.Ukuthuthukiswa kwe-non-ionic cellulose ether kuqale sekwephuzile kakhulu ezweni lami, kodwa isivinini sokuthuthuka siyashesha.
Ngemva kweminyaka yokuthuthuka, imakethe yaseShayina engeyona ionic cellulose ether yenze inqubekelaphambili enkulu.Ngo-2021, umthamo oklanyelwe wokukhiqiza we-HPMC webanga lezinto zokwakha uzofinyelela amathani ayi-117,600, okuphumayo kuzoba amathani ayi-104,300, kanti umthamo wokuthengisa uzoba amathani angama-97,500.Izinga elikhulu lezimboni kanye nezinzuzo zasendaweni ngokuyisisekelo ziye zabonakala esikhundleni sasekhaya.Kodwa-ke, emikhiqizweni ye-HEC, ngenxa yokuphela kwesikhathi kwe-R&D nokukhiqizwa ezweni lami, inqubo yokukhiqiza eyinkimbinkimbi kanye nezithiyo zobuchwepheshe eziphakeme kakhulu, umthamo wamanje wokukhiqiza, ukukhiqizwa kanye nomthamo wokuthengisa wemikhiqizo yasekhaya ye-HEC mancane kakhulu.Kodwa-ke, eminyakeni yamuva, njengoba amabhizinisi asekhaya eqhubeka nokwandisa ukutshalwa kwezimali ocwaningweni nasekuthuthukisweni, athuthukise izinga lobuchwepheshe futhi athuthukise ngenkuthalo amakhasimende awela phansi, ukukhiqizwa nokuthengisa kuye kwanda ngokushesha.Ngokusho kwedatha evela ku-China Cellulose Industry Association, ngo-2021, amabhizinisi amakhulu asekhaya i-HEC (okufakwe nezibalo zenhlangano yezimboni, yonke inhloso) anamandla okukhiqiza aklanyelwe amathani ayi-19,000, umphumela wamathani ayi-17,300, kanye nevolumu yokuthengisa engu-16,800. amathani.Phakathi kwazo, umthamo wokukhiqiza ukhuphuke ngo-72.73% unyaka nonyaka uma kuqhathaniswa no-2020, okukhiphayo kukhuphuke ngo-43.41% unyaka nonyaka, futhi umthamo wokuthengisa ukhuphuke ngo-40.60% unyaka nonyaka.
Njengesengezo, umthamo wokuthengisa we-HEC uthinteke kakhulu ngesidingo semakethe ephansi.Njengomkhakha wezicelo obaluleke kakhulu we-HEC, imboni yokumboza inokuxhumana okuhle okuqinile nemboni ye-HEC mayelana nokuphumayo nokusatshalaliswa kwemakethe.Ngokombono wokusatshalaliswa kwemakethe, imakethe yemboni yokumboza isatshalaliswa ikakhulukazi eJiangsu, eZhejiang naseShanghai eMpumalanga China, eGuangdong eNingizimu neChina, ogwini oluseningizimu-mpumalanga, naseSichuan eNingizimu-ntshonalanga yeChina.Phakathi kwazo, ukukhiqizwa kwe-coating e-Jiangsu, e-Zhejiang, e-Shanghai nase-Fujian kulinganiselwa ku-32%, nokuthi eNingizimu ye-China nase-Guangdong kubalwe cishe ama-20%.5 ngenhla.Imakethe yemikhiqizo ye-HEC igxile kakhulu eJiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong naseFujian.I-HEC okwamanje isetshenziswa ngokuyinhloko ekuhlanganiseni kwezakhiwo, kodwa ifanele zonke izinhlobo zezingubo ezisekelwe emanzini ngokwezimfanelo zayo zomkhiqizo.
Ngo-2021, inani eliphelele lokukhishwa kwezingubo zaseChina kulindeleke ukuthi libe amathani ayizigidi ezingama-25.82, kanti ukukhishwa kwezingubo zezakhiwo nezingubo zezimboni kuzoba amathani ayizigidi eziyi-7.51 kanye namathani ayizigidi eziyi-18.31 ngokulandelana6.Izigqoko ezisekelwe emanzini njengamanje zenza cishe amaphesenti angama-90 ezinto zokwakha, futhi cishe zibalelwa ku-25%, kulinganiselwa ukuthi ukukhiqizwa kopende osuselwa emanzini wezwe lami ngo-2021 kuzoba cishe amathani ayizigidi eziyi-11.3365.Ngokwethiyori, inani le-HEC elengezwe kupende osuselwe emanzini lingu-0.1% kuya ku-0.5%, libalwa ngokwesilinganiso esingu-0.3%, kucatshangwa ukuthi bonke opende abasuselwe emanzini basebenzisa i-HEC njengesengezo, isidingo sikazwelonke se-HEC yezinga lopende simayelana amathani angama-34,000.Ngokusekelwe engqikithini yokukhiqizwa kokumboza komhlaba wonke okungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-97.6 ngo-2020 (okuhlanganisa ama-architectural coatings afinyelela ku-58.20% futhi okokunamathela ezimbonini kubalelwa ku-41.80%), isidingo somhlaba wonke sokumboza ibanga le-HEC silinganiselwa emathani ayi-184,000.
Ukufingqa, okwamanje, isabelo semakethe sebanga le-HEC lokumboza labakhiqizi basekhaya e-China sisaphansi, futhi isabelo semakethe yasekhaya sithathwa ikakhulukazi abakhiqizi bamazwe ngamazwe abamelwe yi-Ashland yase-United States, futhi kunesikhala esikhulu sasekhaya. esikhundleni.Ngokuthuthukiswa kwekhwalithi yomkhiqizo wasekhaya we-HEC kanye nokwanda kwamandla okukhiqiza, izophinde iqhudelane nabakhiqizi bamazwe ngamazwe emkhakheni ongezansi omelwe ama-coatings.Ukushintshwa kwasekhaya kanye nokuncintisana kwezimakethe zamazwe ngamazwe kuzoba inkambiso enkulu yokuthuthukiswa kwale mboni esikhathini esithile esizayo.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-01-2023