1. Chidule chamakampani:
Ma cellulose ethers omwe si a ionic amaphatikizapo HPMC, HEC, MHEC, MC, HPC, etc., ndipo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ngati opanga mafilimu, omangira, otaya, osungira madzi, thickeners, emulsifiers ndi stabilizers, etc., amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'madera ambiri monga zokutira, zomangira, mankhwala tsiku ndi tsiku, mafuta ndi gasi kufufuza, mankhwala, chakudya, nsalu, pepala, etc., pakati pawo kuchuluka kwakukulu kuli m'minda ya zokutira ndi zomangira.
Ma Ionic cellulose ethers amakhala makamaka CMC ndi PAC yake yosinthidwa.Poyerekeza ndi ma ether omwe si a ionic cellulose ethers, ma ionic cellulose ethers amakhala ndi kutentha kosauka, kukana mchere ndi kukhazikika, ndipo ntchito yawo imakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi dziko lakunja.Ndipo ndizosavuta kuchitapo kanthu ndi Ca2 + yomwe ili muzopaka zina ndi zida zomangira kuti ipangitse mvula, chifukwa chake imagwiritsidwa ntchito pang'ono pantchito yomanga ndi zokutira.Komabe, chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwake kwamadzi bwino, kukhuthala, kulumikiza, kupanga mafilimu, kusunga chinyezi ndi kukhazikika kwamwala, kuphatikizidwa ndi ukadaulo wopanga okhwima komanso mtengo wotsika mtengo, umagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka muzotsukira, kufufuza mafuta ndi gasi ndi zowonjezera Zakudya ndi magawo ena. .
2. Mbiri yachitukuko chamakampani:
① Mbiri yachitukuko chamakampani omwe si a ionic cellulose ether: Mu 1905, etherification ya cellulose idadziwika kwa nthawi yoyamba padziko lapansi, pogwiritsa ntchito dimethyl sulfate ndi cellulose yotupa alkali kuti methylation.Ma cellulose ether a Nonionic anali ovomerezeka ndi Lilienfeld mu 1912, ndipo Dreyfus (1914) ndi Leuchs (1920) adapeza ma cellulose ethers osungunuka m'madzi komanso osungunuka ndi mafuta, motsatana.Hubert anapanga HEC mu 1920. Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 1920, carboxymethylcellulose idagulitsidwa ku Germany.Kuyambira 1937 mpaka 1938, United States inazindikira kupanga mafakitale a MC ndi HEC.Pambuyo pa 1945, kupanga kwa cellulose ether kunakula kwambiri ku Western Europe, United States ndi Japan.Pambuyo pazaka pafupifupi zana zachitukuko, non-ionic cellulose ether yasanduka mankhwala omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.
Pali kusiyana kwina pakati pa mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene ndi mayiko otukuka malinga ndi msinkhu wa ndondomeko ya kupanga ndi minda yogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala a non-ionic cellulose ethers.Pankhani ya ukadaulo wopanga, maiko otukuka monga Europe, North America, ndi Japan ali ndi ukadaulo wokhwima komanso umisiri, ndipo makamaka amatulutsa zinthu zotsika mtengo kwambiri monga zokutira, chakudya, ndi mankhwala;mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene amafuna kwambiri CMC ndi HPMC, ndi luso ndi zovuta kupanga mapadi ether mankhwala ndi zofunika otsika ndi kupanga waukulu, ndi munda wa zipangizo zomangira ndi msika waukulu ogula.
Pankhani ya magawo ogwiritsira ntchito, maiko otukuka monga Europe ndi United States apanga unyolo wokwanira komanso wokhwima wamafakitale pazogulitsa zawo zama cellulose ether chifukwa cha zinthu monga kuyambika koyambirira komanso mphamvu ya R&D yamphamvu, ndipo ntchito zotsika pansi zimaphimba magawo ambiri a chuma cha dziko;pamene mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene Chifukwa cha nthawi yochepa yachitukuko cha makampani a cellulose ether, kuchuluka kwa ntchito ndi kochepa kuposa mayiko otukuka.Komabe, ndi kusintha kwapang'onopang'ono kwa chitukuko cha zachuma m'mayiko omwe akutukuka kumene, mndandanda wa mafakitale umakhala wabwino kwambiri, ndipo kukula kwa ntchito kukupitiriza kukula.
②HEC mbiri yachitukuko chamakampani: HEC ndi cellulose yofunika kwambiri ya hydroxyalkyl ndi ether yosungunuka m'madzi ya cellulose yokhala ndi voliyumu yayikulu yopanga padziko lonse lapansi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ethylene okusayidi monga etherification wothandizira kukonzekera HEC wapanga njira yatsopano yopanga mapadi ether.Ukadaulo wofunikira komanso mphamvu zopanga zimakhazikika makamaka kwa opanga mankhwala akuluakulu ku Europe, America, Japan, ndi South Korea.HEC m'dziko langa idapangidwa koyamba mu 1977 ndi Wuxi Chemical Research Institute ndi Harbin Chemical No.Komabe, chifukwa cha zinthu monga ukadaulo wobwerera m'mbuyo komanso kusakhazikika kwabwino kwazinthu, idalephera kupanga mpikisano wogwira mtima ndi opanga mayiko.M'zaka zaposachedwapa, opanga zoweta monga Yin Ying Chatsopano Zipangizo pang'onopang'ono anathyola zotchinga luso, wokometsedwa njira kupanga, anapanga misa luso kupanga zinthu khola khalidwe, ndipo anali m'gulu la kukula kwa zogula ndi opanga kunsi kwa mtsinje, mosalekeza kulimbikitsa ndondomeko zoweta. m'malo.
3. Zizindikiro zazikulu zogwirira ntchito ndi njira yokonzekera ma cellulose ether omwe si a ionic:
(1) Zizindikiro zazikulu za ntchito za non-ionic cellulose ether: zizindikiro zazikulu zogwirira ntchito za mankhwala osakhala a ionic cellulose ether ndi digiri ya m'malo ndi kukhuthala, etc.
(2) Ukadaulo wokonzekera wa cellulose ether wosakhala wa ionic: Popanga ma cellulose ether, onse a cellulose yaiwisi ndi cellulose ether yomwe idapangidwa poyambilira imakhala mumitundu yambiri.Chifukwa chogwira mtima njira, chiŵerengero cha zinthu ndi zopangira mawonekedwe, etc. Theopetural kulankhula, mapadi ethers akamagwira heterogeneous zimachitikira onse inhomogeneous, ndipo pali kusiyana mu udindo, kuchuluka ndi mankhwala chiyero cha magulu etere, ndiko kuti, analandira. Ma cellulose ethers ali pa maunyolo osiyanasiyana a cellulose macromolecular, Chiwerengero ndi kugawa m'malo osiyanasiyana magulu a mphete a shuga pa cellulose macromolecule ndi C (2), C (3) ndi C (6) pagulu lililonse la cellulose ndizosiyana.Momwe mungathetsere vuto la kulowetsa m'malo mosagwirizana ndiye chinsinsi chowongolera pakupanga kwa cellulose ether.
Mwachidule, zopangira mankhwala, alkalization, etherification, kuyenga kutsuka ndi njira zina popanga osakhala ionic mapadi efa onse ali ndi zofunika mkulu kukonzekera luso, njira ulamuliro ndi zipangizo kupanga;panthawi imodzimodziyo, kupanga zinthu zambiri zamtengo wapatali kumafuna luso lolemera komanso luso lopanga bungwe.
4. Kuwunika momwe msika ukuyendera:
Pakalipano, mankhwala a HEC amagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazovala, mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku ndi chitetezo cha chilengedwe, koma zinthu zoterezi zitha kugwiritsidwanso ntchito pazinthu zina zambiri monga chakudya, mankhwala, kufufuza mafuta ndi gasi;Zogulitsa za MHEC zimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pantchito zomanga.
(1)Malo okutikira:
Zowonjezera zokutira ndizofunikira kwambiri pazogulitsa za HEC.Poyerekeza ndi ma ethers ena omwe si a ionic cellulose, HEC ili ndi zabwino zoonekeratu monga chowonjezera chophikira: Choyamba, HEC ili ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kosungirako, komwe kumatha kuwongolera bwino kutsekeka kwa ma enzymes achilengedwe pamagulu a shuga kuti asunge kukhazikika kwa mamasukidwe akayendedwe, Onetsetsani kuti zokutira sizingachitike. kuwonekera delamination pambuyo pa nthawi yosungirako;chachiwiri, HEC ili ndi kusungunuka kwabwino, HEC ikhoza kusungunuka m'madzi otentha kapena ozizira, ndipo imakhala ndi nthawi yochedwa ya hydration ikasungunuka m'madzi ozizira, ndipo sichidzayambitsa gel osakaniza , Good dispersibility ndi solubility;Chachitatu, HEC ili ndi chitukuko chabwino cha mtundu komanso kusokonezeka kwabwino ndi mitundu yambiri yamitundu, kotero kuti utoto wokonzedwa bwino umakhala ndi mtundu wabwino komanso wokhazikika.
(2)Zida zomangira:
Ngakhale HEC akhoza kukwaniritsa zofunika za mapadi etere zina m'munda wa zomangira, chifukwa cha mtengo wake mkulu kukonzekera, ndi zofunika ndi otsika katundu katundu ndi workability wa matope ndi putty poyerekeza ndi zokutira, zomangira wamba nthawi zambiri kusankha HPMC kapena MHEC. monga zowonjezera za cellulose ether.Poyerekeza ndi HPMC, mapangidwe a mankhwala a MHEC ali ndi magulu ambiri a hydrophilic, choncho amakhala okhazikika pa kutentha kwakukulu, ndiko kuti, ali ndi kukhazikika kwabwino kwa kutentha.Kuphatikiza apo, poyerekeza ndi zinthu zomangira kalasi ya HPMC, imakhala ndi kutentha kwa gel okwera kwambiri, ndipo kusungidwa kwake kwamadzi ndi kumamatira kumakhala kwamphamvu ikagwiritsidwa ntchito kumalo otentha kwambiri.
(3)Munda wamankhwala watsiku ndi tsiku:
Ma cellulose ether omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamankhwala atsiku ndi tsiku ndi CMC ndi HEC.Poyerekeza ndi CMC, HEC ili ndi maubwino ena pakulumikizana, kukana zosungunulira komanso kukhazikika.Mwachitsanzo, CMC itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati zomatira pazinthu wamba zatsiku ndi tsiku popanda njira yapadera yowonjezera yowonjezera.Komabe, CMC ya anionic imakhudzidwa ndi ayoni apamwamba kwambiri, omwe angachepetse ntchito zomatira za CMC, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito CMC pazinthu zapadera za tsiku ndi tsiku ndizochepa.Kugwiritsira ntchito HEC monga binder kumawonjezera ntchito ya binder motsutsana ndi ma ion apamwamba kwambiri, kumapangitsa kuti kusungirako kusungidwe kwa mankhwala a tsiku ndi tsiku kumawonjezera nthawi yosungira.
(4)Malo oteteza zachilengedwe:
Pakali pano, mankhwala HEC zimagwiritsa ntchito zomatira ndi madera ena a uchi ceramic mankhwala chonyamulira.Chonyamulira cha uchi cha ceramic chimagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pamakina otha kuyatsa amkati monga magalimoto ndi zombo, ndipo amatenga gawo la chithandizo cha gasi kuti akwaniritse miyezo yotulutsa mpweya.
5. Momwe msika uliri pano kunyumba ndi kunja:
(1)Mwachidule pamsika wapadziko lonse wa nonionic cellulose ether:
Pakuwona kugawa kwapadziko lonse lapansi, 43% yazinthu zonse zapadziko lonse lapansi za cellulose ether mu 2018 zidachokera ku Asia (China idatenga 79% ya zopanga zaku Asia), Western Europe idawerengera 36%, ndipo North America idawerengera 8%.Pakuwona kufunika kwapadziko lonse kwa cellulose ether, kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwa cellulose ether padziko lonse lapansi mu 2018 ndi pafupifupi matani 1.1 miliyoni.Kuyambira 2018 mpaka 2023, kumwa kwa cellulose ether kudzakula pamtengo wapachaka wa 2.9%.
Pafupifupi theka la chiwerengero chonse cha padziko lonse lapansi chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa cellulose ether ndi ionic cellulose (yoyimiridwa ndi CMC), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka mu zotsukira, mafuta opangira mafuta ndi zakudya zowonjezera;pafupifupi gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu ndi non-ionic methyl cellulose ndi zotumphukira zake zinthu (zoimiridwa ndi HPMC), ndipo gawo limodzi mwa magawo asanu ndi limodzi otsala ndi hydroxyethyl cellulose ndi zotumphukira zake ndi ma cellulose ethers ena.Kukula kwa kufunikira kwa ma non-ionic cellulose ethers kumayendetsedwa makamaka ndi ntchito pazinthu zomangira, zokutira, chakudya, mankhwala, ndi mankhwala atsiku ndi tsiku.Pakuwona kugawidwa kwamadera kwa msika wa ogula, msika waku Asia ndiye msika womwe ukukula mwachangu.Kuyambira 2014 mpaka 2019, kuchuluka kwapachaka kwa kufunikira kwa cellulose ether ku Asia kudafika 8.24%.Pakati pawo, chofunikira kwambiri ku Asia chimachokera ku China, chomwe chimawerengera 23% ya zomwe zikufunika padziko lonse lapansi.
(2)Chidule cha msika wapakhomo wa non-ionic cellulose ether:
Ku China, ma ionic cellulose ethers oimiridwa ndi CMC adapangidwa kale, ndikupanga njira yopangira okhwima komanso mphamvu yayikulu yopanga.Malinga ndi data ya IHS, opanga aku China atenga pafupifupi theka lazomwe amapanga padziko lonse lapansi pazinthu zoyambira za CMC.Kukula kwa non-ionic cellulose ether kudayamba mochedwa m'dziko langa, koma liwiro lachitukuko liri mwachangu.
Pambuyo pazaka zachitukuko, msika waku China wopanda ionic cellulose ether wapita patsogolo kwambiri.Mu 2021, mphamvu yopangira zida zomangira HPMC idzafika matani 117,600, zotulukapo zidzakhala matani 104,300, ndipo voliyumu yogulitsa idzakhala matani 97,500.Kukula kwakukulu kwamakampani ndi maubwino okhazikika m'malo mwazomwe zachitika m'malo mwanyumba.Komabe, kwa mankhwala HEC, chifukwa cha mochedwa chiyambi cha R&D ndi kupanga m'dziko langa, ndondomeko zovuta kupanga ndi zotchinga ndi mkulu luso, mphamvu panopa kupanga, kupanga ndi malonda buku la HEC zoweta katundu ndi ochepa.Komabe, m'zaka zaposachedwa, monga mabizinesi apakhomo akupitiliza kuwonjezera ndalama pakufufuza ndi chitukuko, kukonza luso laukadaulo ndikukulitsa makasitomala akumunsi, kupanga ndi kugulitsa kwakula mwachangu.Malinga ndi kafukufuku wochokera ku China Cellulose Industry Association, mu 2021, mabizinesi akuluakulu apakhomo HEC (yomwe ikuphatikizidwa ndi ziwerengero zamabizinesi, zolinga zonse) ali ndi kuthekera kopanga kopanga matani 19,000, kutulutsa matani 17,300, ndi kuchuluka kwa malonda 16,800. matani.Pakati pawo, mphamvu zopanga zidakwera ndi 72,73% pachaka poyerekeza ndi 2020, zotulutsa zidakwera ndi 43.41% pachaka, ndipo kuchuluka kwa malonda kumawonjezeka ndi 40,60% pachaka.
Monga chowonjezera, kuchuluka kwa malonda a HEC kumakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kufunikira kwa msika wakumunsi.Monga gawo lofunikira kwambiri la HEC, makampani opanga zokutira ali ndi mgwirizano wamphamvu ndi makampani a HEC potengera kutulutsa ndi kugawa msika.Potengera kugawa msika, msika wamakampani opanga zokutira umagawidwa makamaka ku Jiangsu, Zhejiang ndi Shanghai ku East China, Guangdong ku South China, gombe lakumwera chakum'mawa, ndi Sichuan kumwera chakumadzulo kwa China.Pakati pawo, kupanga zokutira ku Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai ndi Fujian kunali pafupifupi 32%, ndipo ku South China ndi Guangdong kunali pafupifupi 20%.5 pamwamba.Msika wazinthu za HEC umakhazikikanso ku Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong ndi Fujian.HEC pakali pano imagwiritsidwa ntchito makamaka pazovala zomanga, koma ndiyoyenera mitundu yonse ya zokutira zokhala ndi madzi potengera zomwe zimapangidwa.
Mu 2021, chiwopsezo chapachaka cha zokutira zaku China chikuyembekezeka kukhala matani pafupifupi 25.82 miliyoni, ndipo zopangira zopangira zomangamanga ndi zokutira zamafakitale zidzakhala matani 7.51 miliyoni ndi matani 18.31 miliyoni motsatana.Zopaka zokhala ndi madzi pakali pano zimapanga pafupifupi 90% ya zokutira zomanga, ndipo pafupifupi 25%, akuti kupanga utoto wopangidwa ndi madzi mdziko langa mu 2021 kudzakhala pafupifupi matani 11.3365 miliyoni.Mwachidziwitso, kuchuluka kwa HEC yowonjezeredwa ku utoto wopangidwa ndi madzi ndi 0.1% mpaka 0.5%, yowerengedwa pa avareji ya 0.3%, poganiza kuti utoto wonse wamadzi umagwiritsa ntchito HEC ngati chowonjezera, kufunikira kwadziko lonse kwa HEC ya utoto wa utoto ndi pafupi. 34,000 matani.Kutengera kuchuluka kwa zokutira zapadziko lonse lapansi za matani 97.6 miliyoni mu 2020 (omwe zokutira zomanga zimatengera 58.20% ndi zokutira zamafakitale ndi 41.80%), kufunikira kwapadziko lonse kwa kalasi ya HEC kukuyerekeza kukhala matani 184,000.
Mwachidule, pakali pano, gawo msika wa ❖ kuyanika kalasi HEC opanga zoweta ku China akadali otsika, ndipo gawo msika zoweta makamaka wotanganidwa ndi opanga mayiko akuimiridwa ndi Ashland wa United States, ndipo pali danga lalikulu kwa zoweta. m'malo.Ndi kusintha kwa zinthu zapakhomo za HEC komanso kukulitsa mphamvu zopangira, idzapikisananso ndi opanga mayiko omwe ali m'munsi mwa mtsinje woimiridwa ndi zokutira.Kulowa m'malo mwapakhomo ndi mpikisano wamsika wapadziko lonse lapansi kudzakhala chitukuko chachikulu chamakampaniwa munthawi ina mtsogolo.
Nthawi yotumiza: Apr-01-2023