1. Kakaretso ea mantlha ea indasteri:
Li-non-ionic cellulose ethers li kenyelletsa HPMC, HEC, MHEC, MC, HPC, joalo-joalo, 'me hangata li sebelisoa e le li-agent tse etsang lifilimi, li-binders, dispersants, lisebelisoa tse bolokang metsi, thickeners, emulsifiers le stabilizers, joalo-joalo, li sebelisoa haholo. mafapheng a mangata a kang ho roala, thepa ea mohaho, lihlahisoa tsa letsatsi le letsatsi tsa lik'hemik'hale, ho hlahloba oli le khase, meriana, lijo, masela, ho etsa pampiri, joalo-joalo, tseo chelete e ngata ka ho fetisisa e leng masimong a liphahlo le thepa ea mohaho.
Ionic cellulose ethers haholo-holo ke CMC le sehlahisoa sa eona se fetotsoeng PAC.Ha li bapisoa le li-ethers tse se nang ionic cellulose, li-ether tsa ionic cellulose li na le mocheso o fokolang oa mocheso, ho hanyetsa letsoai le botsitso, 'me ts'ebetso ea bona e ameha haholo ke lefatše le ka ntle.'Me ho bonolo ho itšoara ka Ca2 + e nang le liphahlo tse ling le thepa ea mohaho ho hlahisa pula, kahoo ha e sebelisoe hakaalo tšimong ea thepa ea mohaho le liphahlo.Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la ho qhibiliha ha eona hantle ha metsi, ho teteana, ho tlamahanngoa, ho thehoa ha filimi, ho boloka mongobo le botsitso ba ho hasana, hammoho le theknoloji ea tlhahiso e hōlileng tsebong le litšenyehelo tse tlaase tsa tlhahiso, e sebelisoa haholo ho li hloekisa, ho hlahloba oli le khase le li-additives tsa Lijo le masimo a mang. .
2. Nalane ea ntlafatso ea indasteri:
① Nalane ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri e seng ea ionic cellulose ether: Ka 1905, etherification ea cellulose e ile ea phethahala ka lekhetlo la pele lefats'eng, ho sebelisoa dimethyl sulfate le selulose e ruruhang ea alkali bakeng sa methylation.Li-ether tsa nonionic cellulose li ne li e-na le tokelo ea molao ke Lilienfeld ka 1912, 'me Dreyfus (1914) le Leuchs (1920) ba ile ba fumana li-cellulose ethers tse qhibilihang ka metsing le ka oli, ka ho latellana.Hubert o entse HEC ka 1920. Mathoasong a lilemo tsa bo-1920, carboxymethylcellulose e ne e rekisoa Jeremane.Ho tloha 1937 ho isa 1938, United States e ile ea hlokomela tlhahiso ea indasteri ea MC le HEC.Ka mor'a 1945, tlhahiso ea cellulose ether e ile ea eketseha ka potlako Europe Bophirimela, United States le Japane.Kamora lilemo tse ka bang lekholo tsa nts'etsopele, non-ionic cellulose ether e fetohile sehlahisoa sa lik'hemik'hale se sebelisoang haholo lefatšeng.
Ho ntse ho e-na le lekhalo le itseng pakeng tsa linaha tse tsoelang pele le linaha tse tsoetseng pele ho latela boemo ba ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso le masimo a kopo ea lihlahisoa tsa li-non-ionic cellulose ethers.Mabapi le thekenoloji ea tlhahiso, linaha tse tsoetseng pele tse kang Europe, Amerika Leboea le Japane li na le thekenoloji le thekenoloji e batlang e hōlile, 'me haholo-holo li hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng tse kang liphahlo, lijo le meriana;linaha tse tsoelang pele li na le tlhokahalo e kholo ea CMC le HPMC, 'me theknoloji e thata ho hlahisa lihlahisoa tsa cellulose ether tse nang le litlhoko tse batlang li le tlaase ke tlhahiso e kholo,' me tšimo ea thepa ea mohaho ke 'maraka o ka sehloohong oa bareki.
Mabapi le masimo a kopo, linaha tse tsoetseng pele joalo ka Europe le United States li thehile ketane ea indasteri e batlang e phethehile ebile e holile tsebong bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa bona tsa cellulose ether ka lebaka la lintlha tse kang ho qala kapele le matla a matla a R&D, 'me lits'ebetso tse tlase li akaretsa masimo a mangata. moruo oa naha;ha linaha tse tsoelang pele Ka lebaka la nako e khuts'oane ea nts'etsopele ea indasteri ea cellulose ether, sebaka sa ts'ebeliso se nyane ho feta sa linaha tse tsoetseng pele.Leha ho le joalo, ka ntlafatso ea butle-butle ea boemo ba nts'etsopele ea moruo oa linaha tse tsoelang pele, ketane ea indasteri e batla e phethehile, 'me boholo ba ts'ebeliso bo ntse bo eketseha.
②HEC histori ea tsoelo-pele ea indasteri: HEC ke cellulose ea bohlokoa ea hydroxyalkyl le ether ea cellulose e qhibilihang ka metsi e nang le tlhahiso e kholo ea tlhahiso lefatšeng.
Tšebeliso ea metsi ethylene oxide e le moemeli oa etherification ho lokisetsa HEC e thehile mokhoa o mocha oa tlhahiso ea cellulose ether.Theknoloji e amehang ea mantlha le bokhoni ba tlhahiso li tsepamisitsoe haholo ho baetsi ba lik'hemik'hale tse kholo Europe, Amerika, Japane le Korea Boroa.HEC naheng ea heso e qalile ho ntlafatsoa ka 1977 ke Wuxi Chemical Research Institute le Harbin Chemical No. sehlahisoa.Leha ho le joalo, ka lebaka la lintlha tse kang thekenoloji e batlang e le morao le botsitso bo fokolang ba boleng ba lihlahisoa, e ile ea hlōleha ho theha tlhōlisano e sebetsang le bahlahisi ba machaba.Lilemong tsa morao tjena, baetsi ba malapeng ba kang Yin Ying New Materials ba theohile butle-butle ka mekoallo ea tekheniki, mekhoa e ntlafalitsoeng ea tlhahiso, ba thehile bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa tse ngata bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse tsitsitseng tsa boleng, 'me ba kenyelelitsoe molemong oa ho reka ke bahlahisi ba tlaase, ba tsoela pele ho khothalletsa ts'ebetso ea malapeng. ho nkela sebaka.
3. Matšoao a mantlha a ts'ebetso le ts'ebetso ea ho lokisa ea non-ionic cellulose ether:
(1) Lipontšo tse ka sehloohong tsa ts'ebetso ea ether e seng ea ionic cellulose: matšoao a ka sehloohong a ts'ebetso ea lihlahisoa tsa ether tsa cellulose e seng ea ionic ke tekanyo ea ho fetola le viscosity, joalo-joalo.
(2) Theknoloji ea ho lokisetsa ether ea cellulose e seng ea ionic: Ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea cellulose ether, bobeli ba cellulose e tala le ether ea cellulose e qalileng e entsoe ka har'a naha e tsoakiloeng ea multiphase.Ka lebaka la mokhoa o susumetsang, karo-karolelano ea lintho tse bonahalang le foromo e tala, joalo-joalo ho bua ka khopolo-taba, li-cellulose ethers tse fumanoang ka ho itšoara ka tsela e sa tšoaneng li fapane ka ho feletseng, 'me ho na le phapang pakeng tsa boemo, bongata le bohloeki ba lihlahisoa tsa lihlopha tsa ether, ke hore, tse fumanoeng. li-cellulose ethers li holim'a liketane tse fapaneng tsa cellulose macromolecular, Palo le kabo ea li-substitutes lihlopheng tse fapaneng tsa lesale tsa tsoekere ka macromolecule e tšoanang ea cellulose le C (2), C (3) le C (6) sehlopheng se seng le se seng sa selulose li fapane.Mokhoa oa ho rarolla bothata ba ho nkela sebaka se sa lekanang ke senotlolo sa taolo ea ts'ebetso ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso ea cellulose ether.
Ho akaretsa, phekolo ea thepa e tala, alkalization, etherification, ho hlatsoa ho hloekisa le mekhoa e meng ea ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso ea ether e se nang ionic cellulose kaofela e na le litlhoko tse phahameng tsa theknoloji ea ho itokisa, taolo ea ts'ebetso le lisebelisoa tsa tlhahiso;ka nako e ts'oanang, tlhahiso e kholo ea lihlahisoa tsa boleng bo phahameng e hloka phihlelo e ruileng le bokhoni bo sebetsang ba mokhatlo oa tlhahiso.
4. Tlhahlobo ea boemo ba kopo ea 'maraka:
Hona joale, lihlahisoa tsa HEC li sebelisoa haholo-holo masimong a ho roala, lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le tšireletso ea tikoloho, empa lihlahisoa tse joalo ka botsona li ka boela tsa sebelisoa libakeng tse ling tse ngata tse kang lijo, meriana, oli le khase;Lihlahisoa tsa MHEC li sebelisoa haholo-holo tšimong ea thepa ea mohaho.
(1)Sebaka sa ho roala:
Li-additives tsa ho roala ke ts'ebeliso ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea lihlahisoa tsa HEC.Ha ho bapisoa le li-ethers tse ling tse seng tsa ionic cellulose, HEC e na le melemo e totobetseng e le tlatsetso ea ho roala: Ntlha ea pele, HEC e na le botsitso bo botle ba polokelo, e ka ntlafatsang ka katleho tlhaselo e thibelang ea li-enzyme tsa likokoana-hloko ho lihlopha tsa glucose ho boloka botsitso ba viscosity, Etsa bonnete ba hore ho roala ho ke ke ha e-ba joalo. hlaha delamination ka mor'a nako ea polokelo;ea bobeli, HEC e na le solubility e ntle, HEC e ka qhibiliha metsing a chesang kapa a batang, 'me e na le nako e itseng ea ho lieha ha hydration ha e qhibiliha metsing a batang,' me e ke ke ea etsa hore ho be le lihlopha tsa gel , Dispersibility e ntle le solubility;Ntlha ea boraro, HEC e na le tsoelo-pele e ntle ea mebala le miscibility e ntle le mebala e mengata, e le hore pente e lokiselitsoeng e be le mebala e metle le botsitso.
(2)Sebaka sa thepa ea kaho:
Le hoja HEC e ka finyella litlhoko tsa li-additives tsa cellulose ether tšimong ea thepa ea mohaho, ka lebaka la litšenyehelo tse phahameng tsa ho lokisetsa, le litlhoko tse batlang li le tlaase bakeng sa thepa ea lihlahisoa le ho sebetsa ha seretse le putty ha li bapisoa le liphahlo, hangata thepa ea mohaho e tloaelehileng e khetha HPMC kapa MHEC. joalo ka litlatsetso tse ka sehloohong tsa cellulose ether.Ha ho bapisoa le HPMC, mohaho oa lik'hemik'hale oa MHEC o na le lihlopha tse ngata tsa hydrophilic, kahoo o tsitsitse haholoanyane mocheso o phahameng, ke hore, o na le botsitso bo botle ba mocheso.Ho feta moo, ha e bapisoa le HPMC ea thepa ea mohaho, e na le mocheso o batlang o le holimo oa gel, 'me ho boloka metsi le ho khomarela ho matla ha ho sebelisoa libakeng tse phahameng tsa mocheso.
(3)Sebaka sa letsatsi le letsatsi sa lik'hemik'hale:
Li-cellulose ethers tse sebelisoang hangata lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ke CMC le HEC.Ha e bapisoa le CMC, HEC e na le melemo e itseng ho momahaneng, ho hanyetsa solvent le botsitso.Ka mohlala, CMC e ka sebelisoa e le sekhomaretsi bakeng sa lihlahisoa tse tloaelehileng tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi ntle le mokhoa o khethehileng oa tlatsetso.Leha ho le joalo, anionic CMC e ela hloko li-ion tse phahameng haholo, tse tla fokotsa ts'ebetso ea sekhomaretsi ea CMC, 'me tšebeliso ea CMC ka lihlahisoa tse khethehileng tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi e lekanyelitsoe.Ho sebelisa HEC ha sekontiri se matlafatsa ts'ebetso ea setlamo khahlanong le li-ion tse phahameng, ho ntlafatsa haholo botsitso ba polokelo ea lihlahisoa tsa lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi le ho lelefatsa nako ea polokelo.
(4)Sebaka sa tšireletso ea tikoloho:
Hajoale, lihlahisoa tsa HEC li sebelisoa haholo ho li-adhesives le masimong a mang a lihlahisoa tse tsamaisang mahe a linotsi tsa ceramic.Sepalangoang sa khekhe ea linotsi se sebelisoa haholo tsamaisong ea mosi ka mor'a kalafo ea lienjineri tse tukang tse ka hare tse kang likoloi le likepe, 'me se bapala karolo ea kalafo ea khase ea mouoane ho fihlela litekanyetso tsa ho tsoa.
5. Boemo ba 'maraka hona joale lapeng le kantle ho naha:
(1)Kakaretso ea 'maraka oa lefats'e oa nonionic cellulose ether:
Ho latela pono ea kabo ea matla a tlhahiso ea lefats'e, 43% ea kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea lefats'e ea cellulose ether ka 2018 e tsoa Asia (China e ne e le 79% ea tlhahiso ea Asia), Europe Bophirima e ne e le 36%, mme Amerika Leboea e ne e le 8%.Ho latela pono ea tlhokahalo ea lefats'e ea cellulose ether, tšebeliso ea lefats'e ea cellulose ether ka 2018 e ka ba lithane tse limilione tse 1.1.Ho tloha 2018 ho ea ho 2023, tšebeliso ea cellulose ether e tla hōla ka karolelano ea selemo le selemo ea 2,9%.
Hoo e ka bang halofo ea kakaretso ea tšebeliso ea ether ea cellulose ea lefats'e ke ionic cellulose (e emetsoeng ke CMC), e sebelisoang haholo-holo ho li-detergents, li-additives tsa oli le li-additives tsa lijo;hoo e ka bang karolo ea boraro ke non-ionic methyl cellulose le lintho tse tsoang ho eona (e emetsoeng ke HPMC), 'me karolo ea botšelela e setseng ke hydroxyethyl cellulose le lihlahisoa tsa eona le li-ether tse ling tsa cellulose.Keketseho ea tlhokahalo ea li-non-ionic cellulose ethers e tsamaisoa haholo ke lits'ebetso tse amanang le thepa ea moaho, liaparo, lijo, meriana le lik'hemik'hale tsa letsatsi le letsatsi.Ho latela pono ea kabo ea tikoloho ea 'maraka oa bareki,' maraka oa Asia ke 'maraka o ntseng o hola ka potlako.Ho tloha 2014 ho isa 2019, sekhahla sa kholo ea selemo le selemo sa tlhokahalo ea cellulose ether Asia se fihlile ho 8.24%.Har'a bona, tlhoko e kholo ea Asia e tsoa Chaena, e ikarabellang bakeng sa 23% ea tlhoko ea lefats'e ka bophara.
(2)Kakaretso ea 'maraka oa lehae oa non-ionic cellulose ether:
Chaena, li-ether tsa ionic cellulose tse emeloang ke CMC li ntlafalitse pejana, ho theha ts'ebetso ea tlhahiso e batlang e holile le matla a maholo a tlhahiso.Ho latela lintlha tsa IHS, bahlahisi ba Machaena ba nkile hoo e ka bang halofo ea matla a tlhahiso ea lefats'e a lihlahisoa tsa mantlha tsa CMC.Nts'etsopele ea ether e seng ea ionic cellulose e qalile morao haholo naheng ea heso, empa lebelo la nts'etsopele le potlakile.
Kamora lilemo tsa nts'etsopele, 'maraka oa China oa non-ionic cellulose ether o hatetse pele haholo.Ka 2021, matla a tlhahiso ea tlhahiso ea thepa ea mohaho oa HPMC e tla fihla ho lithane tse 117,600, tlhahiso e tla ba lithane tse 104,300, 'me theko ea thekiso e tla ba lithane tse 97,500.Melemo e meholo ea liindasteri le melemo ea ho aha libaka tsa lehae li se li lemohile sebaka sa lehae.Leha ho le joalo, bakeng sa lihlahisoa tsa HEC, ka lebaka la ho qala ka morao ho R & D le tlhahiso naheng ea heso, ts'ebetso e rarahaneng ea tlhahiso le litšitiso tse batlang li le phahameng tsa theknoloji, matla a hona joale a tlhahiso, tlhahiso le thekiso ea lihlahisoa tsa lehae tsa HEC li batla li le nyenyane.Leha ho le joalo, lilemong tsa morao tjena, ha likhoebo tsa malapeng li ntse li tsoela pele ho eketsa matsete a lipatlisiso le nts'etsopele, ho ntlafatsa boemo ba thekenoloji le ho ntshetsa pele bareki ba tlaase, tlhahiso le thekiso li eketsehile ka potlako.Ho ea ka lintlha tse tsoang ho Mokhatlo oa China Cellulose Industry Association, ka 2021, likhoebo tse kholo tsa malapeng HEC (e kenyelelitsoeng lipalo-palo tsa mekhatlo ea indasteri, merero eohle) e na le bokhoni ba tlhahiso ea tlhahiso ea lithane tse 19,000, tlhahiso ea lithane tse 17,300, le theko ea thekiso ea 16,800. lithane.Har'a bona, matla a tlhahiso a eketsehile ka 72.73% selemo le selemo ha a bapisoa le 2020, tlhahiso e eketsehile ka 43.41% selemo le selemo, 'me theko ea thekiso e eketsehile ka 40.60% selemo le selemo.
E le tlatsetso, bophahamo ba thekiso ea HEC bo angoa haholo ke tlhoko ea 'maraka o tlase.E le tšimo ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa ea kopo ea HEC, indasteri ea ho roala e na le kamano e matla e ntle le indasteri ea HEC mabapi le tlhahiso le kabo ea 'maraka.Ho latela pono ea kabo ea 'maraka,' maraka oa indasteri ea likhoele o ajoa haholo Jiangsu, Zhejiang le Shanghai ho la China Bochabela, Guangdong naheng ea China Boroa, lebopong le ka boroa-bochabela le Sichuan ka Boroa-bophirima ho China.Har'a bona, tlhahiso ea ho roala Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai le Fujian e ka bang 32%, le hore Chaena Boroa le Guangdong e ka bang 20%.5 ka holimo.Mmaraka oa lihlahisoa tsa HEC o boetse o tsepamisitsoe haholo Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shanghai, Guangdong le Fujian.Hona joale HEC e sebelisoa haholo-holo ka liphahlo tsa meralo, empa e loketse mefuta eohle ea liaparo tse thehiloeng metsing ho latela litšobotsi tsa sehlahisoa sa eona.
Ka 2021, kakaretso ea selemo le selemo ea liphahlo tsa China e lebelletsoe ho ba lithane tse limilione tse 25.82, 'me tlhahiso ea meaho ea meralo le liindasteri e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 7.51 le lithane tse limilione tse 18.31 ka ho latellana.Mehaho e entsoeng ka metsi ha joale e etsa karolo ea 90% ea liphahlo tsa meralo, 'me e ka bang 25%, ho hakanngoa hore tlhahiso ea naha ea heso e thehiloeng metsing ka 2021 e tla ba lithane tse limilione tse 11.3365.Ka khopolo, palo ea HEC e kenyellelitsoeng lipenteng tsa metsi ke 0.1% ho ea ho 0.5%, e baloang ka karolelano ea 0.3%, ho nka hore lipente tsohle tse entsoeng ka metsi li sebelisa HEC e le tlatsetso, tlhoko ea naha ea HEC ea boemo ba pente e mabapi le 34,000 lithane.Ho ipapisitsoe le kakaretso ea tlhahiso ea lefats'e ka bophara ea lithane tse limilione tse 97.6 ka 2020 (tseo liphaello tsa meralo li etsang 58.20% mme lirafshoa tsa indasteri li etsa 41.80%), tlhoko ea lefats'e ea sehlopha sa HEC e hakanngoa hore e ka ba lithane tse 184,000.
Ho akaretsa, hona joale, karolo ea 'maraka ea ho roala kereiti ea HEC ea baetsi ba malapeng Chaena e ntse e le tlase,' me karolo ea 'maraka oa malapeng e lula haholo-holo ke bahlahisi ba machaba ba emetsoeng ke Ashland ea United States,' me ho na le sebaka se seholo sa malapeng. ho nkela sebaka.Ka ntlafatso ea boleng ba lihlahisoa tsa lehae tsa HEC le katoloso ea matla a tlhahiso, e tla tsoela pele ho qothisana lehlokoa le bahlahisi ba machaba sebakeng se tlase se emeloang ke liphahlo.Phapanyetsano ea lehae le tlholisano ea mebaraka ea machabeng e tla fetoha mokhoa o ka sehloohong oa nts'etsopele ea indasteri ena nakong e itseng ea nako e tlang.
Nako ea poso: Apr-01-2023