Nhanganyaya yeKubvisa Cellulose kubva Cotton:
Cotton, faibha yechisikigo, inoumbwa zvakanyanya ne cellulose, polysaccharide chain ine glucose units.Kubviswa kweselulosi kubva mukotoni kunosanganisira kuputsa fiber yekotoni uye kubvisa tsvina kuti uwane yakachena cellulose chigadzirwa.Iyi cellulose yakabviswa ine akasiyana mashandisirwo mumaindasitiri akadai semachira, mapepa, mishonga, uye chikafu.
Danho 1: Kukohwa uye Pre-kurapwa Cotton:
Kukohwa: Faibha dzedonje dzinotorwa kubva kumabhotoro echirimwa chedonje.Mabhoro anotorwa kana akura uye akaputika, achiratidza fluffy white fiber mukati.
Kuchenesa: Mushure mokukohwa, donje rinoitwa kuchenesa kubvisa tsvina yakaita setsvina, mhodzi, uye zvidimbu zvemashizha.Izvi zvinovimbisa kuti iyo yakabviswa cellulose ndeyekuchena kwepamusoro.
Kuomesa: Donje rakacheneswa rinobva raomeswa kubvisa mwando wakawandisa.Kuomesa kwakakosha sezvo donje rakanyorova rinogona kutungamira kukura kwehutachiona, izvo zvinogona kukanganisa kunaka kweselulosi.
Danho 2: Mechanical Processing:
Kuvhura uye Kuchenesa: Iro donje rakaomeswa rinoitwa mechanical processing kuparadzanisa fiber uye kubvisa chero tsvina yasara.Kuita uku kunosanganisira kuvhura mabhero edonje nekuapfuudza nemumichina inozowedzera kuchenesa nekupeperetsa mafiibhi.
Kadhi: Kadhi inzira yekubatanidza shinda dzekotoni muhurongwa hwakafanana kuita webhu yakatetepa.Iyi nhanho inobatsira mukuwana kufanana mukurongeka kwefiber, iyo yakakosha pakugadzirisa kunotevera.
Kudhirowa: Pakudhirowa, mafibisi ane makadhi akareba uye anoderedzwa kusvika pakukora.Iyi nhanho inovimbisa kuti mafiber akagoverwa zvakaenzana uye anoenderana, achivandudza kusimba uye kunaka kwekupedzisira cellulose chigadzirwa.
Nhanho 3: Chemical Processing (Mercerization):
Mercerization: Mercerization mushonga wemakemikari unoshandiswa kusimudzira zvimiro zve cellulose fiber, kusanganisira kuwedzera simba, kupenya, uye hukama hwedhayi.Muchiitiko ichi, machira ekotoni anobatwa nemhinduro ye sodium hydroxide (NaOH) kana imwe alkali pane yakatarwa uye tembiricha.
Kuzvimba: Kurapwa kwealkali kunoita kuti mafiibhi e cellulose azvimbe, zvichikonzera kuwedzera kwedhayamita nepamusoro penzvimbo.Kuzvimba uku kunofumura mamwe mapoka e-hydroxyl pane cellulose pamusoro, zvichiita kuti iwedzere kuita kune anotevera maitiro emakemikari.
Rinsing uye Neutralization: Mushure memercerization, mafiber anosukwa zvakakwana kuti abvise yakawandisa alkali.Iyo alkali inogadziriswa ichishandisa acidic mhinduro kudzikamisa iyo cellulose uye kudzivirira mamwe maitiro emakemikari.
Nhanho 4: Pulping:
Kunyungudutsa Cellulose: Iwo mercerized machira edonje anobva aiswa pasi pekuputika, uko anonyungudutswa mune solvent kuti abvise cellulose.Zvinonyungudutsa zvakajairika zvinoshandiswa pakunyungudutswa kweselulosi zvinosanganisira N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) uye zvinwiwa zveionic zvakaita se1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]).
Homogenization: Iyo yakanyungudika cellulose mhinduro inoiswa homogenized kuti ive nechokwadi chekufanana uye kuenderana.Iyi nhanho inobatsira mukuwana homogeneous cellulose mhinduro yakakodzera kuenderera mberi kugadzirisa.
Nhanho 5: Kuberekwazve:
Kunaya: Kana cellulose yanyungudutswa, inoda kuvandudzwa kubva kune yakanyungudutsa.Izvi zvinowanikwa kuburikidza nekuisa iyo cellulose mhinduro mubhati isina-solvent.Iyo isiri-solvent inokonzera kuti cellulose idzoke zvakare muchimiro chefibers kana gel-like substance.
Kugeza uye Kuomesa: Iyo cellulose yakagadziridzwa inoshambidzwa zvakakwana kuti ibvise chero chasara chekunyungudutsa uye tsvina.Inobva yaomeswa kuti iwane yekupedzisira cellulose chigadzirwa muchimiro chefibers, flakes, kana hupfu, zvichienderana nekwakagadzirirwa kushandiswa.
Nhanho 6: Kusarudzika uye Kudzora Hunhu:
Ongororo: Iyo yakabviswa cellulose inobata nzira dzakasiyana dzekuongorora kuongorora kuchena kwayo, uremu hwemamorekuru, crystallinity, uye zvimwe zvinhu.Matekiniki akadai seX-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), uye scanning electron microscopy (SEM) anowanzo shandiswa pakuita cellulose characterization.
Kudzora Hunhu: Matanho ekudzora emhando anoitwa mukati meiyo nzira yekubvisa kuti ive nechokwadi chekuenderana uye kuomerera kune yakatarwa zviyero.Maparamendi akadai seye solvent concentration, tembiricha, uye nguva yekugadzirisa inotariswa uye inogadziriswa kuti iwane yaunoda mhando ye cellulose.
Danho rechinomwe: Zvishandiso zveCellulose:
Micheka: Cellulose yakabviswa mudonje inowana kushandiswa kwakanyanya muindasitiri yezvemachira kugadzira machira, shinda, uye zvipfeko.Inokosheswa nekupfava kwayo, kunwa, uye kufema.
Pepa uye Packaging: Cellulose chinhu chakakosha mukugadzirwa kwebepa, kadhibhodhi, uye zvekurongedza zvinhu.Inopa simba, kusimba, uye kudhindwa kune izvi zvigadzirwa.
Pharmaceuticals: Cellulose derivatives yakadai se cellulose acetate uye hydroxypropyl cellulose inoshandiswa mukugadzirwa kwemishonga semabhaidha, disintegrants, uye inodzorwa-kusunungura vamiririri.
Zvokudya Nezvinwiwa: Ma<em>cellulose anobva ku<em>cellulose akadai semethyl cellulose uye carboxymethyl cellulose anoshandiswa muindasitiri yechikafu semakobvu, anosimbisa, uye emulsifier muzvigadzirwa zvakasiyana-siyana zvekudya nezvinwiwa.
Kubvisa cellulose kubva mudonje kunosanganisira matanho akatevedzana anosanganisira kukohwa, pre-kurapwa, mechanical processing, chemical processing, pulping, regeneration, and characterization.Nhanho imwe neimwe yakakosha pakuparadzanisa yakachena cellulose ine zvinhu zvinodikanwa.Iyo yakabviswa cellulose ine akasiyana mashandisirwo mumaindasitiri akadai semachira, mapepa, mishonga yemishonga, uye chikafu, zvichiita kuti ive yakakosha uye inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana polima.Maitiro ekutora anobudirira uye matanho ekudzora emhando inovimbisa kugadzirwa kwemhando yepamusoro cellulose yakakodzera kune akasiyana maapplication.
Nguva yekutumira: Chivabvu-06-2024