Taw qhia rau Cellulose Extraction los ntawm Paj Rwb:
Paj rwb, ib qho fiber ntau, yog tsim los ntawm cov cellulose, cov saw hlau polysaccharide uas muaj cov piam thaj.Cellulose extraction los ntawm paj rwb cuam tshuam cov paj rwb fibers thiab tshem tawm impurities kom tau ib tug ntshiab cellulose khoom.Cov cellulose rho tawm no muaj ntau yam kev siv hauv kev lag luam xws li textiles, ntawv, tshuaj, thiab zaub mov.
Kauj Ruam 1: Kev sau thiab ua ntej kho paj rwb:
Kev sau qoob loo: paj rwb fibers yog tau los ntawm bolls ntawm paj paj.Cov bolls tau khaws thaum lawv paub tab thiab tawg qhib, nthuav tawm cov fluffy dawb fibers hauv.
Kev Tu: Tom qab sau qoob loo, cov paj rwb tau siv cov txheej txheem ntxuav kom tshem tawm cov impurities xws li av, noob, thiab nplooj tawg.Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias cov cellulose rho tawm yog siab purity.
Drying: Cov paj rwb huv si ces qhuav kom tshem tawm cov dej noo ntau dhau.Kev ziab yog qhov tseem ceeb vim tias cov paj rwb ntub dej tuaj yeem ua rau kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob microbial, uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov cellulose tsis zoo.
Kauj Ruam 2: Mechanical Processing:
Qhib thiab Ntxuav: Cov paj rwb qhuav dhau los ua cov txheej txheem los cais cov fibers thiab tshem tawm cov impurities seem.Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog qhib cov paj rwb bales thiab dhau lawv los ntawm cov tshuab uas txuas ntxiv ntxuav thiab fluff cov fibers.
Carding: Carding yog cov txheej txheem ntawm kev ua kom cov paj rwb fibers nyob rau hauv ib qho kev sib txuas ua ke los tsim ib lub vev xaib nyias.Cov kauj ruam no yuav pab kom ua tiav qhov sib xws hauv cov txheej txheem fiber ntau, uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua haujlwm tom ntej.
Kev kos duab: Hauv kev kos duab, daim carded fibers yog elongated thiab txo mus rau ib tug finer thickness.Cov kauj ruam no ua kom cov fibers sib npaug thiab sib npaug, txhim kho lub zog thiab zoo ntawm cov khoom siv cellulose kawg.
Kauj Ruam 3: Kev Ua Tshuaj (Mercerization):
Mercerization: Mercerization yog ib qho tshuaj kho mob uas siv los txhim kho cov khoom ntawm cellulose fibers, nrog rau kev ua kom muaj zog, luster, thiab affinity rau dyes.Hauv cov txheej txheem no, cov paj rwb fibers raug kho nrog kev daws ntawm sodium hydroxide (NaOH) lossis lwm cov alkali ntawm qhov tshwj xeeb thiab qhov kub thiab txias.
o: Kev kho alkali ua rau cov cellulose fibers o, ua rau muaj kev nce hauv lawv txoj kab thiab qhov chaw.Qhov o no nthuav tawm ntau pawg hydroxyl ntawm cov cellulose nto, ua rau nws muaj zog dua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tom ntej.
Rinsing thiab Neutralization: Tom qab mercerization, cov fibers yog rinsed kom huv si kom tshem tawm ntau tshaj alkali.Cov alkali yog neutralized siv cov tshuaj acidic kom stabilize lub cellulose thiab tiv thaiv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 4: Pulping:
Dissolving Cellulose: Cov paj rwb mercerized yog tom qab ntawd raug rau pulping, qhov uas lawv tau yaj hauv cov kuab tshuaj kom tshem tawm cov cellulose.Cov kuab tshuaj nquag siv rau kev tshem tawm cellulose suav nrog N-methylmorpholine-N-oxide (NMMO) thiab ionic kua xws li 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium acetate ([EMIM][OAc]).
Homogenization: Cov kua cellulose yaj yog homogenized los xyuas kom meej uniformity thiab sib xws.Cov kauj ruam no yuav pab ua kom tiav ib homogeneous cellulose tov haum rau kev ua ntxiv.
Kauj Ruam 5: Regeneration:
Dej nag: Thaum cov cellulose yaj, nws yuav tsum tau rov tsim dua los ntawm cov kuab tshuaj.Qhov no yog ua tiav los ntawm precipitating cov tshuaj cellulose rau hauv ib da dej uas tsis yog-solvent.Cov uas tsis yog-solvent ua rau cov cellulose re-precipitate nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm fibers los yog ib yam khoom zoo li gel.
Ntxuav thiab ziab: Cov cellulose regenerated yog ntxuav kom huv si kom tshem tawm cov residual hnyav thiab impurities.Tom qab ntawd nws qhuav kom tau txais cov khoom siv cellulose kawg hauv daim ntawv fibers, flakes, los yog hmoov, nyob ntawm seb daim ntawv thov.
Kauj Ruam 6: Tus cwj pwm thiab Kev Tswj Xyuas Zoo:
Kev Ntsuam Xyuas: Cov cellulose rho tawm tau dhau los ntawm ntau yam kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas los ntsuas nws cov purity, molecular hnyav, crystallinity, thiab lwm yam khoom.Cov txuj ci xws li X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thiab scanning electron microscopy (SEM) feem ntau yog siv los ua cov cim cellulose.
Kev Tswjhwm Zoo: Kev tswj xyuas kev ua tau zoo yog siv thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem rho tawm kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib luag thiab ua raws li cov qauv teev tseg.Tsis muaj xws li hnyav concentration, kub, thiab ua lub sij hawm raug saib xyuas thiab optimized kom ua tau raws li qhov xav tau ntawm cellulose.
Kauj Ruam 7: Kev siv ntawm Cellulose:
Textiles: Cellulose muab rho tawm los ntawm paj rwb pom dav siv hauv kev lag luam textile rau kev tsim fabrics, yarns, thiab khaub ncaws.Nws muaj nuj nqis rau nws softness, absorbency, thiab breathability.
Ntawv thiab Ntim: Cellulose yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov ntawv, duab los qhia, thiab cov khoom ntim.Nws muab lub zog, durability, thiab printability rau cov khoom no.
Pharmaceuticals: Cellulose derivatives xws li cellulose acetate thiab hydroxypropyl cellulose yog siv nyob rau hauv cov tshuaj formulations li binders, disintegrants, thiab tswj-tso cov neeg ua hauj.
Khoom noj khoom haus thiab dej haus: Cellulose derivatives xws li methyl cellulose thiab carboxymethyl cellulose yog siv nyob rau hauv cov zaub mov kev lag luam ua thickeners, stabilizers, thiab emulsifiers nyob rau hauv ntau yam khoom noj thiab dej haus.
Extracting cellulose los ntawm paj rwb yuav tsum muaj ib tug series ntawm cov kauj ruam nrog rau kev sau, pre-kho, mechanical processing, chemical processing, pulping, regeneration, thiab characterization.Txhua kauj ruam yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev cais cov cellulose ntshiab nrog cov khoom tsim nyog.Cov cellulose muab rho tawm muaj ntau daim ntawv thov thoob plaws hauv kev lag luam xws li textiles, ntawv, tshuaj, thiab zaub mov, ua rau nws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj.Cov txheej txheem rho tawm tau zoo thiab kev tswj xyuas kev ntsuas kom ua tau zoo ntawm cov cellulose zoo tsim nyog rau ntau daim ntawv thov.
Post lub sij hawm: May-06-2024