He aha nga mahi me nga whakaritenga o nga momo taonga i roto i te kumete-whakamatau-whaiaro-a-gypsum?

(1) Gypsum

E ai ki nga rauemi mata e whakamahia ana, ka wehewehea ki te momo II anhydrite me te α-hemihydrate gypsum.Ko nga rauemi e whakamahia ana e ratou ko:

① Momo II gypsum anhydrous

Me whiriwhiri te gypsum maramara, alabaster ranei he kakano teitei me te kakano ngohengohe.Ko te pāmahana calcination kei waenganui i te 650 me te 800°C, a ka mahia te whakamahana i raro i te mahi a te kaiwhakaoho.

②-Gypsum hemihydrate

-Ko te hangarau hanga o te hemihydrate gypsum te nuinga kei roto i te tukanga whakamaroketanga maroke me te tukanga whakawhiti makuku te nuinga o te whakauru i te matewai me te whakamaroke.

(2) Sima

I te wa e whakarite ana i te gypsum, ka taea te taapiri i te iti o te ciment, a ko ana mahi matua ko:

①Homai he taiao kawakore mo etahi whakaurunga;

② Whakapai ake i te whakarea ngohengohe o te gypsum pakeke tinana;

③ Whakapai ake i te rerenga slurry;

④Whakaritea te wa tautuhi o te momo Ⅱ gypsum anhydrous gypsum whakaōrite whaiaro.

Ko te ciment e whakamahia ana he 42.5R Portland ciment.I te wa e whakarite ana i te gypsum whakataurite-whaiaro tae, ka taea te whakamahi sima Portland ma.Ko te nui o te ciment i tapirihia kaore e whakaaetia kia neke atu i te 15%.

(3) Whakaritea te wa whakahaere

I roto i te moata gypsum whakataurite-whaiaro, ki te whakamahia te gypsum anhydrous momo II, me whakamahi he whakaterenga tautuhinga, a, ki te whakamahia te gypsum -hemihydrate, me whakamahi te tikanga whakaahuru.

① Coagulant: He maha nga momo sulfate me o ratou tai rua, penei i te konupūmā pākawa ngāwha, te haukinia pūkawa ngāwha, te pāhare pāhare pāporo pūkawa ngāwha, te konutai pūkawa ngāwha me ngā momo konumohe, pērā i te konumohe (konumohe pāhare pāporo pūkawa ngāwha), te konumohe whero (konupora dichromate) , bile alum ( parahi pūkawa ngāwha), etc.:

②Retarder:

Ko te waikawa Citric, ko te trisodium citrate ranei he mea whakaahuru gypsum e whakamahia ana.He ngawari ki te wairewa i roto i te wai, ka kitea te kaha whakamuri me te iti o te utu, engari ka whakaitihia te kaha o te tinana gypsum whakapakeke.Ko etahi atu o te gypsum retarders ka taea te whakamahi ko: te kopa, te casein glue, te toenga o te maaka, te waikawa tannic, te waikawa tartaric, etc.

(4) He kaihoko whakaheke wai

Ko te rere o te gypsum whakataurite-whaiaro te take matua.Kia whiwhi ai i te slurry gypsum me te rere pai, ko te whakanui ake i te kohi wai anake ka kore e kore ka heke te kaha o te tinana kua whakapakeketia, tae atu ki te toto, ka ngawari te mata, ka ngaro te paura, kaore e taea te whakamahi.Na reira, me whakauru te whakaheke wai gypsum ki te whakanui ake i te rere o te slurry gypsum.Ko nga superplasticizers e tika ana mo te whakarite i te gypsum whakataurite-whaiaro ko nga superplasticizers naphthalene-based superplasticizers, polycarboxylate superplasticizers teitei, etc.

(5) Kaipupuri wai

I te wa e whakataurite ana te slurry gypsum ki a ia ano, ka heke te rere o te slurry na te mimiti o te wai o te turanga.Kia whiwhi ai i te slurry gypsum whakaōrite-whaiaro pai, hei taapiri atu ki tona ake rere ki te whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga, me pai hoki te pupuri wai o te slurry.A, na te mea he rereke te pai me te taumaha o te gypsum me te ciment i roto i te papanga turanga, he pai ki te delamination te slurry i te wa o te rere me te mahi whakapakeke.Hei karo i nga ahuatanga o runga ake nei, he mea tika ki te taapiri i te iti o te kai pupuri wai.I te nuinga o te wa ka whakamahia e nga kaihoko pupuri wai nga matū cellulose, penei i te methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose me te carboxypropyl cellulose.

(6) polymer

Whakapai ake i te abrasion, te kapiti me te atete wai o nga rauemi whakataurite-whaiaro ma te whakamahi i nga polymers paura redispersible

(7) Defoamer Hei whakakore i nga mirumiru hau i puta i te wa o te whakaranu i nga rawa, ka whakamahia te tributyl phosphate.

(8) whakakī

Ka whakamahia ki te karo i te wehewehenga o nga waahanga o nga rawa-whaiaro kia pai ake ai te rere.Ko nga whakakii ka taea te whakamahi, penei i te dolomite, te konupūmā warowaihā, te pungarehu rere whenua, te parae kua tineia ki te wai, te kirikiri pai, aha atu.

(9) He huinga pai

Ko te kaupapa o te taapiri i te whakahiato pai ko te whakaiti i te whakamaroketanga o te tinana o te gypsum whakataurite-whaiaro, te whakanui ake i te kaha o te mata me te mau atete o te tinana kua whakapakeke, me te whakamahi i te kirikiri kiripaka.

He aha nga mea e hiahiatia ana mo te kumete whakarata-whaiaro gypsum?

Ko te momo β-momo hemihydrate gypsum ka whiwhi ma te calcining tuatahi-grade gypsum dihydrate ki te ma o neke atu i te 90% ranei te α-momo hemihydrate gypsum i whiwhi i te autoclaving ranei hydrothermal synthesis.

Ko te whakauru kaha: ka taea e nga rauemi whakataurite-whaiaro te whakamahi i te pungarehu rere, te paura para, me etahi atu hei whakauru kaha, ko te kaupapa ko te whakapai ake i te karaehe matūriki o te rauemi me te whakapai ake i te mahi o te tinana whakapakeke.Ko te paura paraka ka pa ki te whakamakuku i roto i te taiao kawakore, ka taea te whakapai ake i te ngawari me te kaha o muri mai o te hanganga rauemi.

Ko nga rauemi cimentitious moata-kaha: Hei whakarite i te wa hanga, ko nga rauemi whakataurite-whaiaro he whakaritenga mo te kaha moata (ko te nuinga o te 24h te kaha o te whakaheke me te kaha o te pupuhi).Ko te ciment sulphoaluminate ka whakamahia hei rauemi cimenting moata-kaha.Ko te ciment sulphoaluminate he tere tere te whakaheke me te kaha o te kaha wawe, ka taea te whakatutuki i nga whakaritenga o te kaha wawe o te rauemi.

Kaiwhakahohe kawawakore: Ko te mea whakahiato gypsum cimentitious te tino kaha maroke i raro i nga tikanga kawakore.Ka taea te whakamahi i te raima tere me te 32.5 ciment ki te whakatika i te uara pH ki te whakarato i te taiao kawakore mo te whakamaaramatanga o te rauemi cimentitious.

Coagulant: Ko te wa whakatuu he tohu mahi nui o nga rawa-whaiaro.He poto rawa, he roa rawa ranei te waa kaore e pai ki te hanga.Ko te coagulant e whakaihiihi ana i te mahi o te gypsum, ka whakatere i te tere whakatioatanga supersaturated o te gypsum dihydrate, ka whakapoto i te wa whakarite, me te pupuri i te waa whakatuu me te wa whakapakeke o nga rawa-whaiaro i roto i te awhe whaitake.

Ko te kaihoko whakaheke wai: Hei whakapai ake i te taapiri me te kaha o nga rauemi whakataurite-whaiaro, he mea tika ki te whakaheke i te tauwehenga wai-binder.I raro i te ahua o te pupuri i te wai pai o nga rauemi whakaheke-whaiaro, he mea tika ki te taapiri i nga taputapu whakaheke wai.Ka whakamahia te whakaheke wai-naphthalene, a, ko tana tikanga whakaheke wai ko te roopu sulfonate i roto i te ngota-wai-whakaiti-wai-naphthalene me te ngota wai e hono ana ki nga here hauwai, ka hanga he kiriata wai pumau i runga i te mata o te kaera. rauemi, kia ngawari te whakaputa wai i waenga i nga matūriki rauemi.Te whakaheke, na reira ka whakaiti i te nui o te whakaranu wai e hiahiatia ana me te whakapai ake i te hanganga o te tinana whakapakeke o te rauemi.

Ko te kaihoko pupuri wai: ka hangaia nga rauemi whakaheke-whaiaro ki runga i te papa whenua, he ahua kikokore te matotoru o te hanga, a ka ngawari te uru o te wai ki te turanga o te whenua, na reira ka kore e rawaka te whakamakuku o nga rawa, ka pakaru te mata, ka heke. kaha.I roto i tenei whakamatautau, i tohua te methyl cellulose (MC) hei kaihoko pupuri wai.He pai te makuku o te MC, te pupuri i te wai me nga taonga hanga kiriata, kia kore ai e whakaheke toto te rauemi whakataurite-whaiaro me te tino wai.

Ko te paura taherapa ka taea te whakakore (ka kiia i muri nei ko te paura taherapa): ka taea e te paura taherapa te whakanui ake i te whakahiatotanga o nga rawa whakaōrite-whaiaro, te whakapai ake i te aukati kapiti, te kaha here me te aukati wai.

Defoamer: Ka taea e te defoamer te whakapai ake i nga ahuatanga o te rauemi whakataurite whaiaro, te whakaiti i nga mirumiru i te wa e hangaia ana te rauemi, me te whai paanga ki te whakapai ake i te kaha o te rauemi.