Kedu ọrụ na ihe achọrọ dị iche iche na ngwa agha nke dabeere na gypsum?

(1) Gypsum

Dị ka akụrụngwa eji eme ihe, a na-ekewa ya na ụdị II anhydrite na α-hemihydrate gypsum.Ngwa ndị ha na-eji bụ:

① Ụdị II anhydrous gypsum

Ekwesịrị ịhọrọ gypsum ma ọ bụ alabaster nke nwere ọkwa dị elu na udidi dị nro.Okpomọkụ calcination dị n'etiti 650 na 800 Celsius, a na-eme hydration n'okpuru ọrụ nke onye na-eme ihe.

②-Gypsum hemihydrate

-Nkà na ụzụ mmepụta nke hemihydrate gypsum tumadi na-agụnye usoro ntụgharị akọrọ na usoro ntụgharị mmiri nke na-ejikọta akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ na ihicha.

(2) Simenti

Mgbe ị na-akwadebe gypsum na-edozi onwe ya, enwere ike ịgbakwunye obere ciment, ọrụ ya bụ:

①Nye ebe alkaline maka ụfọdụ admixtures;

② Melite ọnụọgụ dị nro nke ahụ siri ike gypsum;

③ Mma slurry fluidity;

④ Hazie oge ntọala ụdị Ⅱ gypsum anhydrous gypsum na-eme onwe ya.

Simenti eji bụ 42.5R Portland ciment.Mgbe ị na-akwadebe gypsum na-agbapụta onwe ya, enwere ike iji ciment ọcha Portland.A naghị ekwe ka simenti agbakwunyere karịa 15%.

(3) Ịtọ nhazi oge

N'ime ngwa ngwa gypsum na-edozi onwe ya, ọ bụrụ na ejiri ụdị II anhydrous gypsum mee ihe, a ga-eji ngwa ngwa ntọala mee ihe, ma ọ bụrụ na-hemihydrate gypsum, a ga-ejikarị ihe nkwụsịtụ mee ihe.

① Coagulant: Ọ na-emi esịnede dị iche iche sulfates na ha abụọ salts, dị ka calcium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, potassium sulfate, sodium sulfate na dị iche iche alums, dị ka alum (aluminom potassium sulfate), red alum (potassium dichromate) , bile alum ( ọla kọpa sulfate), wdg:

② Onye na-azụ azụ:

Citric acid ma ọ bụ trisodium citrate bụ gypsum retarder nke a na-ejikarị eme ihe.Ọ na-agbaze ngwa ngwa na mmiri, nwere mmetụta retarding doro anya na ọnụ ala dị ala, mana ọ ga-ebelata ike nke gypsum siri ike.Ndị ọzọ gypsum retarders nwere ike iji gụnyere: gluu, casein gluu, starch residue, tannic acid, tartaric acid, wdg.

(4) Onye na-ebelata mmiri

Mmiri mmiri nke gypsum na-edozi onwe ya bụ isi okwu.Iji nweta gypsum slurry nke nwere ezigbo mmiri mmiri, ịba ụba mmiri naanị ga-eduga n'ịbelata ike nke gypsum siri ike, na ọbụna ọbara ọgbụgba, nke ga-eme ka elu ahụ dị nro, hapụ ntụ ntụ, na enweghị ike iji ya mee ihe.Ya mere, a ghaghị iwebata onye na-ebelata mmiri gypsum iji mee ka mmiri nke gypsum slurry dịkwuo elu.Ihe ndị na-emepụta ihe dị mma maka nkwadebe nke gypsum na-edozi onwe ya gụnyere naphthalene dabeere na superplasticizers, polycarboxylate elu-arụ ọrụ superplasticizers, wdg.

(5) Onye na-ejigide mmiri

Mgbe gypsum slurry na-edozi onwe ya na-edozi onwe ya, mmiri mmiri nke slurry na-ebelata n'ihi ntinye mmiri nke isi.Iji nweta ezigbo gypsum slurry na-edozi onwe ya, na mgbakwunye na mmiri nke onwe ya iji mezuo ihe ndị a chọrọ, slurry aghaghị inwekwa njigide mmiri dị mma.Na n'ihi na ịdị mma na ike ndọda nke gypsum na ciment dị n'ime ihe ndabere dị nnọọ iche, slurry na-adịkarị mfe delamination n'oge usoro eruba na usoro hardening static.Iji zere ihe ndị dị n'elu, ọ dị mkpa ịgbakwunye obere ihe na-ejigide mmiri.Ndị na-ejigide mmiri n'ozuzu na-eji ihe cellulose, dị ka methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose na carboxypropyl cellulose.

(6) polymer

Meziwanye abrasion, mgbawa na nguzogide mmiri nke ihe na-edozi onwe ya site na iji polymer powdered redisspersible

(7) Defoamer Iji kpochapụ ikuku ikuku na-emepụta n'oge usoro ngwakọta nke ihe, a na-ejikarị tributyl phosphate eme ihe.

(8) filler

A na-eji ya iji zere ikewapụ ihe ndị na-edozi onwe ya ka ọ wee nwee mmetụta dị mma.Fillers nwere ike iji, dị ka dolomite, calcium carbonate, ala ofufe ash, ala mmiri na-emenyụ slag, ezigbo ájá, wdg.

(9) Nchịkọta dị mma

Ebumnuche nke ịgbakwunye nchịkọta dị mma bụ iji belata ihicha nke gypsum na-eme ka ahụ sie ike, mee ka ike dị elu ma na-eyi nguzogide ahụ siri ike, na iji ájá quartz na-emekarị.

Kedu ihe a chọrọ maka ngwa agha na-ebuli onwe ya gypsum?

Ụdị β-ụdị hemihydrate gypsum enwetara site n'ịchịkọta gypsum dihydrate ọkwa mbụ nke nwere ịdị ọcha karịa 90% ma ọ bụ gypsum α-ụdị hemihydrate enwetara site na autoclaving ma ọ bụ hydrothermal synthesis.

Arụ ọrụ admixture: onwe-leveling ihe nwere ike iji ada uyi, slag ntụ ntụ, wdg dị ka-arụsi ọrụ ike admixtures, nzube bụ ka mma urughuru gradation nke ihe onwunwe na melite arụmọrụ nke ihe obi tara mmiri ahụ.Slag ntụ ntụ na-enweta mmeghachi omume hydration na gburugburu alkaline, nke nwere ike imeziwanye mgbagwoju anya na ike nke usoro ihe.

Ihe simenti siri ike nke mbụ: Iji hụ na oge a na-ewu ihe, ihe ndị na-edozi onwe ha nwere ihe ụfọdụ chọrọ maka ike mmalite (bụ 24h flexural na compressive ike).A na-eji simenti sulphoaluminate mee ihe dị ka ihe simenti siri ike nke mbụ.Simenti sulphoaluminate nwere ngwa ngwa hydration ọsọ na ike mmalite dị elu, nke nwere ike izute ihe achọrọ nke ike mmalite nke ihe.

Onye na-arụ ọrụ alkaline: Ihe simenti nke mejupụtara gypsum nwere ike akọrọ zuru oke n'okpuru ọnọdụ alkaline na-agafeghị oke.Enwere ike iji ngwa ngwa na ciment 32.5 mee ihe iji dozie uru pH iji nye gburugburu alkaline maka hydration nke ihe ciment.

Coagulant: Oge nhazi bụ ihe nrịbama arụmọrụ dị mkpa nke ihe na-edozi onwe ya.Ogologo oge dị mkpụmkpụ ma ọ bụ ogologo oge adịghị mma maka owuwu.Coagulant na-akpali ọrụ gypsum, na-eme ka ọsọ kristal dihydrate gypsum dị elu, na-ebelata oge nhazi, ma na-edobe nhazi na oge siri ike nke ihe nhazi onwe ya n'ime oke ezi uche.

Onye na-eme ka mmiri na-ebelata mmiri: Iji mee ka mgbagwoju anya na ike nke ihe ndị na-edozi onwe ha, ọ dị mkpa iji belata ihe nkedo mmiri.N'okpuru ọnọdụ nke ịnọgide na-enwe ezigbo mmiri mmiri nke ihe na-edozi onwe ya, ọ dị mkpa ịgbakwunye ihe ndị na-ebelata mmiri.A na-eji ihe na-eme ka mmiri na-eme ka mmiri naphthalene mee ihe, na usoro nke na-ebelata mmiri ya bụ na otu sulfonate dị na naphthalene na-eme ka mmiri na-ebelata mmiri na mmiri mmiri na-ejikọta ya na njikọ hydrogen, na-eme ihe nkiri mmiri siri ike n'elu gelled. ihe onwunwe, na-eme ka ọ dị mfe ịmepụta mmiri n'etiti ihe ndị ahụ.Na-amị amị, si otú ahụ belata ọnụ ọgụgụ nke ịgwakọta mmiri chọrọ na imeziwanye nhazi nke ahụ siri ike nke ihe.

Ihe na-ejigide mmiri: a na-arụ ihe ndị na-edozi onwe ya na ala ala, na ọkpụrụkpụ ihe owuwu ahụ dị ntakịrị, na mmiri na-adị ngwa ngwa site na ala ala, na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị ọcha nke ihe ahụ, mgbawa n'elu, ma belata. ike.N'ime ule a, a họpụtara methyl cellulose (MC) dị ka onye na-ejigide mmiri.MC nwere ezigbo mmiri mmiri, njide mmiri na ihe na-emepụta ihe nkiri, nke mere na ihe na-edozi onwe ya ghara ịgbapụta ma bụrụ nke zuru oke.

Uzuzu latex na-agbanwe agbanwe (nke a na-akpọkwa ntụ ntụ latex): ntụ ntụ latex nwere ike ịbawanye modul ngbanwe nke ihe na-edobe onwe ya, melite mgbape mgbape, ike nkekọ na mgbochi mmiri.

Defoamer: Defoamer nwere ike imeziwanye ihe ndị pụtara ìhè nke ihe na-edozi onwe ya, belata egosipụta mgbe emepụtara ihe ahụ, ma nwee mmetụta ụfọdụ n'ịkwalite ike nke ihe ahụ.