Doka vs Concrete
Doka nekongiri zvinhu zviviri zvinowanzoshandiswa muindasitiri yekuvaka.Ose ari maviri anoumbwa nesamende, jecha, uye mvura, asi zvikamu zvechimwe nechimwe chinosiyana, zvichipa chinhu chimwe nechimwe chimiro chayo chakasiyana uye mashandisirwo.Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura mutsauko pakati pedhaka nekongiri, zvimiro zvavo, uye mashandisiro azvo.
Mortarmusanganiswa wesimende, jecha, nemvura.Inowanzoshandiswa sechisungo chekubatanidza pakati pezvidhinha, matombo, kana mamwe masonry unit.Doka chinhu chisina kusimba chine simba rekumanikidza kubva pa2.5 kusvika pa10 N/mm2.Haina kugadzirirwa kutakura mitoro inorema, asi pane kubata masonry units pamwe chete uye kupa nzvimbo yakatsetseka yekupedzisa.
Huyero hwesimende, jecha, uye mvura mudhaka zvinoenderana nekushandiswa uye zvivakwa zvinodiwa.Semuenzaniso, musanganiswa wakajairika wekukanda zvidhinha chikamu chimwe chete chesimende kusvika kuzvikamu zvitanhatu zvejecha, nepo musanganiswa wekupa madziro chikamu 1 simende kune zvikamu zvitatu zvejecha.Kuwedzera lime kumusanganiswa kunogona kuvandudza kushanda, kusimba, uye kuramba kwemvura kwedhaka.
Concrete, kune rumwe rutivi, musanganiswa wesamende, jecha, mvura, uye zvidimbu, zvakaita sematombo kana dombo rakapwanyika.Icho chinhu chakasimba uye chakasimba chine simba rekumanikidza kubva pa15 kusvika ku80 N / mm2, zvichienderana nekusanganiswa kwehuwandu uye hutano hwezvigadzirwa.Concrete inoshandiswa kune dzakasiyana siyana dzekushandisa, senge nheyo, pasi, madziro, matanda, makoramu, uye mabhiriji.
Huyero hwesimende, jecha, mvura, uye akaunganidzwa mukongiri zvinoenderana nekushandiswa uye simba rinodiwa uye kusimba.Musanganiswa wakajairika wekuvaka kwakawanda ndeye 1 chikamu simende kune 2 zvikamu zvejecha kune 3 zvikamu zvakaunganidzwa kune 0.5 zvikamu zvemvura, nepo musanganiswa wekongiri yakasimbiswa ndeye 1 chikamu simende kune 1.5 zvikamu zvejecha kune 3 zvikamu zvakaunganidzwa kusvika 0.5 zvikamu zvemvura.Kuwedzera admixtures, akadai seplasticizers, accelerators, kana air-entraining agents, zvinogona kuvandudza kushanda, simba, uye kusimba kwekongiri.
Imwe yemisiyano mikuru pakati pedhaka nekongiri isimba radzo.Concrete yakanyanya kusimba kupfuura dhaka, iyo inoita kuti ive yakakodzera kutakura mitoro inorema uye kuramba kumanikidza masimba.Toka, kune rumwe rutivi, haina kusimba uye inoshanduka-shanduka, iyo inobvumira kuti itore zvimwe zvinonetsa izvo masonry units anosangana nazvo nekuda kwekushanduka kwekushisa, kuwedzera hunyoro, kana kufamba kwemaitiro.
Mumwe musiyano kugona kwavo kushanda.Dhaka iri nyore kushanda naro pane kongiri, sezvo ine yakaderera viscosity uye inogona kuiswa ne trowel kana chinongedzo chekushandisa.Dhoka rinogadzikawo zvishoma nezvishoma kupfuura kongiri, izvo zvinopa mugadziri nguva yakawanda yekugadzirisa nzvimbo yezvikamu zvemasoni dhaka risati raoma.Concrete, kune rumwe rutivi, yakanyanya kuoma kushanda nayo, sezvo iine viscosity yepamusoro uye inoda maturusi ehunyanzvi, akadai semapombi ekongiri kana mavibrators, kuti aiswe uye akaumbwa zvakanaka.Concrete zvakare inogadzika nekukurumidza kupfuura dhaka, iyo inomisa nguva iripo yekugadzirisa.
Doka nekongiri zvinosiyanawo pakuonekwa kwavo.Doka rinowanzoreruka muruvara pane kongiri, sezvo riine simende shoma uye jecha rakawanda.Dhaka inogona zvakare kuvezwa ne pigment kana mavara kuti ienderane neruvara rwemasonry unit kana kugadzira yekushongedza mhedzisiro.Concrete, kune rumwe rutivi, inowanzoita grey kana isina-chena, asi inogona zvakare kuvezwa nepigment kana mavara kuti uwane kutaridzika chaiko.
Panyaya yemutengo, dhaka rinowanzo kuchipa pane kongiri, sezvo richida simende shoma uye akaunganidzwa.Zvisinei, mari yebasa inogona kusiyana zvichienderana nekuoma uye ukuru hwepurojekiti, pamwe nekuvapo kwevanyanzvi vane unyanzvi kana vashandi vekongiri.
Zvino ngatitarisei zvakanyanya mashandisirwo uye mashandisirwo edhaka nekongiri.Dhaka rinonyanya kushandiswa sechisungo chekubatanidza pakati pemasonry unit, sezvidhinha, zvidhinha, matombo, kana mataira.Inoshandiswawo kugadzirisa kana kupeta masonry aripo, pamwe chete nezvinangwa zvekushongedza, sekunongedza, kupa, kana kupurasita.Doka rinogona kuiswa kune zvese mukati nekunze kwekunze, asi harina kukodzera zvimiro kana mitoro inorema.
Concrete, kune rumwe rutivi, inoshandiswa kune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushandisa, kubva kumapurojekiti maduku kusvika kune zvivakwa zvakakura.Kumwe kushandiswa kwakajairika kwekongiri kunosanganisira:
- Nheyo: Kongiri inoshandiswa kugadzira hwaro hwakagadzikana uye nhanho yezvivakwa, mabhiriji, kana zvimwe zvimiro.Ukuru uye kudzika kwenheyo kunoenderana nemamiriro evhu uye uremu hwechimiro.
- Floors: Kongiri inogona kushandiswa kugadzira uriri hwakasimba uye hwakadzikira hwekugara, hwekutengesa, kana maindasitiri zvivakwa.Inogona kukwenenzverwa, kusvibiswa, kana kudhindwa kuti iwane kupera kwakasiyana.
- Masvingo: Concrete inogona kukandwa muprecast panels kana kudururwa panzvimbo kuti igadzire madziro anotakura kana asina-kutakura.Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kuchengetedza madziro, zvivhariso zvinonzwika, kana firewall.
- Mapango nemakoramu: Kongiri inogona kusimbiswa nesimbi mbariro kana fiber kugadzira matanda akasimba uye akaomarara nemakoramu ekutsigirwa kwezvimiro.Inogona zvakare kushandiswa kune precast zvinhu, senge masitepisi kana mabhakoni.
- Mabhiriji nemigwagwa: Concrete chinhu chakajairika pakuvaka mabhiriji, migwagwa mikuru, uye zvimwe zvifambiso zvekufambisa.Inogona kumira mitoro inorema, mamiriro ekunze akaoma, uye kupera kwenguva refu uye kubvaruka.
- Zvinhu zvekushongedza: Kongiri inogona kushandiswa kugadzira zvakasiyana-siyana zvekushongedza zvinhu, sezvivezwa, zvitubu, vanodyara, kana mabhenji.Inogona zvakare kuve neruvara kana kugadzirwa kutevedzera zvimwe zvinhu, sehuni kana dombo.
Mukupedzisa, dhaka nekongiri zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha muindasitiri yekuvaka, imwe neimwe iine yakasarudzika zvivakwa uye mashandisiro.Mortar chinhu chisina kusimba uye chinoshanduka-shanduka chinoshandiswa kubatanidza masonry unit uye kupa kupera kwakatsetseka, nepo kongiri chinhu chakasimba uye chakaomarara chinoshandiswa kutsigira zvimiro uye mitoro inorema.Kunzwisisa kusiyana uye kushandiswa kwedhaka nekongiri kunogona kubatsira vanovaka, mainjiniya, makondirakiti, uye varidzi vedzimba kuita zvisarudzo zvine ruzivo nezvezvirongwa zvavo zvekuvaka.
Nguva yekutumira: Kubvumbi-17-2023