ʻElua mau mea i hoʻohana mau ʻia i ka ʻoihana kūkulu hale.Hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea ʻelua i ka sima, ke one, a me ka wai, akā ʻokoʻa nā ʻāpana o kēlā me kēia mea, hāʻawi i kēlā me kēia mea i kona mau hiʻohiʻona a me nā noi.Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka mortar a me ke koʻikoʻi, kā lākou waiwai, a me kā lākou hoʻohana.

Mokahe hui ia o ka sima, ke one, a me ka wai.Hoʻohana maʻamau ia ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopaʻa ma waena o nā pōhaku lepo, nā pōhaku, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana masonry ʻē aʻe.ʻO ka mortar kahi mea nāwaliwali loa me ka ikaika compressive mai 2.5 a 10 N/mm2.ʻAʻole ia i hoʻolālā ʻia e amo i nā haʻahaʻa kaumaha, akā e hoʻopaʻa pū i nā ʻāpana masonry a hāʻawi i kahi ʻili maʻalahi no ka hoʻopau ʻana.

ʻO ka nui o ka sima, ke one, a me ka wai i loko o ka mortar e pili ana i ka noi a me nā waiwai i makemake ʻia.No ka laʻana, ʻo kahi hui maʻamau no ka hoʻomoe ʻana i nā pōhaku lepo he 1 ʻāpana sima a 6 ʻāpana one, ʻoiai ʻo ka hui ʻana no ka hana ʻana i nā paia he 1 ʻāpana sima i 3 ʻāpana one.ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka lime i ka hui ʻana hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana, ka lōʻihi, a me ka pale wai o ka mortar.

ʻO ka paʻakai, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka hui ʻana o ka sima, ke one, ka wai, a me nā mea hoʻohui, e like me ka ʻiliʻili a i ʻole ka pōhaku i ʻoki ʻia.He mea ikaika a lōʻihi hoʻi me ka ikaika compressive mai ka 15 a hiki i ka 80 N / mm2, e pili ana i ka hoʻohui ʻana a me ka maikaʻi o nā mea.Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Concrete no nā ʻano hana like ʻole, e like me nā kumu, nā papahele, nā paia, nā kaola, nā kolamu, a me nā alahaka.

ʻO ka nui o ka sima, ke one, ka wai, a me nā aggregates i loko o ke koneki e pili ana i ka noi a me ka ikaika a me ka lōʻihi i makemake ʻia.ʻO kahi hui maʻamau no ka hana maʻamau he 1 ʻāpana sima i 2 ʻāpana one i 3 ʻāpana aggregates i 0.5 ʻāpana wai, ʻoiai ʻo ka hui ʻana no ka paʻa paʻa he 1 ʻāpana sima i 1.5 ʻāpana one i 3 ʻāpana aggregates i 0.5 ʻāpana wai.ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui, e like me nā plasticizers, accelerators, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hoʻoheheʻe ea, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hana, ikaika, a me ka lōʻihi o ke kaʻa.

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o ka mortar a me ke koʻikoʻi ko lākou ikaika.ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka paʻakai ma mua o ka mortar, no laila kūpono ia no ka lawe ʻana i nā haʻahaʻa kaumaha a me ka pale ʻana i nā ikaika compressive.ʻO ka mortar, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali a ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, e hiki ai iā ia ke komo i kekahi o nā koʻikoʻi i ʻike ʻia e nā ʻāpana masonry ma muli o ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka mahana, ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka wai, a i ʻole ka neʻe ʻana o ke kūkulu.

ʻO kekahi ʻokoʻa ʻē aʻe kā lākou hana.ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana ma mua o ke koneki, no ka mea he haʻahaʻa kona viscosity a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia me kahi trowel a i ʻole mea hana kuhikuhi.ʻOi aku ka lohi o ka mortar ma mua o ke kaʻa, e hāʻawi ana i ka mason i ka manawa hou e hoʻoponopono ai i ke kūlana o nā ʻāpana masonry ma mua o ka paʻakikī o ka mortar.ʻO ka Concrete, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka viscosity a koi i nā mea hana kūikawā, e like me nā pumps concrete a vibrators, e kau ʻia a hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia.ʻOi aku ka wikiwiki o ka paʻakai ma mua o ka mortar, e kaupalena ana i ka manawa i loaʻa no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana.

ʻOkoʻa nō hoʻi ke ʻano o ka mortar a me ka concrete.ʻOi aku ka māmā o ka kala ma mua o ka paʻakai, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka sima a me ke one.Hiki ke kala ʻia ka mortar me nā puaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​stains e like me ke kala o nā ʻāpana masonry a i ʻole e hana i nā hopena hoʻonaninani.ʻO ka paʻakai, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, he hina a keʻokeʻo paha, akā hiki ke kala ʻia me nā puaʻa a i ʻole nā ​​stains e loaʻa ai kahi hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī.

Ma ke ʻano o ke kumukūʻai, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka mortar ma mua o ke kaʻa, no ka mea, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka sima a me nā aggregates.Eia naʻe, hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke kumukūʻai o ka hana ma muli o ka paʻakikī a me ka nui o ka papahana, a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā masons akamai a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea hana paʻa.