Ojiji nke ngwa agha dị ka ihe mkpuchi ihe na-ewu ụlọ nwere ike imeziwanye arụmọrụ mkpuchi nke oyi akwa mkpuchi mgbidi dị n'èzí, belata okpomọkụ nke ime ụlọ, ma zere ikpo ọkụ na-enweghị isi n'etiti ndị ọrụ, n'ihi ya, a na-eji ya eme ihe n'ọtụtụ ebe.Ọzọkwa, ọnụ ahịa nke ihe a dị ntakịrị, nke na-echekwa ego nke ọrụ ahụ, ma nwee nnukwu mkpuchi okpomọkụ na mmiri na-eguzogide.
A. Nhọrọ na ọrụ akụrụngwa
1. Vitrified microbead mkpokọta dị fechaa
Ihe kachasị mkpa na ngwa ngwa bụ microbeads vitrified, bụ ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe na-ekpo ọkụ na-ekpo ọkụ na-ewu ụlọ nke oge a ma nwee ezigbo ihe mkpuchi ọkụ.A na-eme ya nke ọma site na ihe iko acidic site na nhazi teknụzụ dị elu.
Site n'elu nke ngwa agha ahụ, nkesa ihe nkesa nke ihe ahụ na-adịchaghị mma, dị ka oghere nwere ọtụtụ oghere.Otú ọ dị, n'oge usoro ihe owuwu ahụ, ọdịdị nke ihe a na-eme ka ọ dị mma n'ezie, ọ nwekwara ezigbo akara na mgbidi ahụ.Ihe dị ezigbo ọkụ, nwere ezigbo mkpuchi ọkụ, ma nwee njirimara nke nguzogide okpomọkụ dị elu ma na-eyi nguzogide.
N'ikwu okwu n'ozuzu, thermal conductivity nke vitrified microbeads bụ ihe pụtara ìhè, karịsịa thermal conductivity nke elu bụ nke kasị ike, na okpomọkụ na-eguzogide dịkwa oke elu.Ya mere, n'oge a na-eji microbeads vitrified, ndị na-arụ ọrụ na-arụ ọrụ kwesịrị ịchịkwa ebe dị anya na mpaghara dị n'etiti ihe ọ bụla iji ghọta ihe mkpuchi ọkụ na ọrụ mkpuchi ọkụ nke ihe mkpuchi ọkụ.
B. Plasta kemịkalụ
Chemical gypsum bụ ihe ọzọ dị mkpa nke ngwa ngwa.A pụkwara ịkpọ ya gypsum mgbake ụlọ ọrụ.Ọ bụ tumadi esịnede calcium sulfate n'efu fọdụrụnụ, n'ihi ya, ya mmepụta bụ nnọọ adaba, na ọ pụrụ ịghọta irè ojiji nke ego na-azọpụta ike.
Site na mmepe nke akụ na ụba, ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ na-ewepụta ụfọdụ ihe mkpofu ụlọ ọrụ na ihe mmetọ kwa ụbọchị, dị ka gypsum desulfurized dị ka phosphogypsum.Ozugbo ihe mkpofu ndị a batara na ikuku, ha ga-ebute mmetọ ikuku ma na-emetụta ahụ ike ndị mmadụ.Ya mere, gypsum kemịkal nwere ike ịsị na ọ bụ isi iyi ume ọhụrụ, ọ na-achọpụtakwa ojiji nke mkpofu.
Dịka ọnụ ọgụgụ mmetọ dị iche iche siri kwuo, phosphogypsum bụ ihe na-emetọ nke ukwuu.Ọ bụrụ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe anaghị ewepụta phosphogypsum otu ugboro, ọ ga-ebute oke mmetọ na gburugburu ebe obibi.Otú ọ dị, ihe a nwere ike ịghọ isi iyi nke gypsum kemịkal.Ihe.Site na nyocha na akpịrị ịkpọ nkụ nke phosphogypsum, ndị nchọpụta mezuru usoro nke ịtụgharị ihe mkpofu ka ọ bụrụ akụ ma mepụta gypsum kemịkal.
Desulfurization gypsum nwekwara ike na-akpọ flue gas desulfurization gypsum, nke bụ ihe mmepụta ngwaahịa kpụrụ site desulfurization na ịdị ọcha ọgwụgwọ, na ya mejupụtara bụ ihu ọma otu ihe ahụ dị ka eke gypsum.Ọdịnaya mmiri efu nke gypsum desulfurized na-adịkarị elu, nke dị elu karịa nke gypsum eke, na njikọta ya siri ike.Ọtụtụ nsogbu na-enwekwa ike ime n'oge usoro mmepụta dum.Ya mere, usoro mmepụta nke ịmepụta gypsum enweghị ike ịdị ka nke gypsum eke.Ọ dị mkpa ịnakwere usoro ihicha pụrụ iche iji belata ọdịnaya mmiri ya.A na-emepụta ya site na nyocha ya na calcining na ụfọdụ okpomọkụ.Naanị n'ụzọ dị otú a, ọ nwere ike izute ụkpụrụ asambodo mba na izute ihe ndị a chọrọ nke ụlọ mkpuchi okpomọkụ.
C. Ngwakọta
Nkwadebe nke ngwa agha mkpuchi gypsum kemịkalụ ga-eji gypsum kemịkalụ ụlọ dị ka ihe bụ isi.A na-ejikarị ngwakọta dị fechaa eme microbeads vitrified.Ndị nchọpụta agbanweela ihe onwunwe ya site na admixtures iji gboo mkpa nke ọrụ owuwu.
Mgbe ị na-akwadebe ngwa agha mkpuchi ọkụ, ndị ọrụ na-ewu ụlọ kwesịrị ịṅa ntị na njirimara nke gypsum kemịkalụ, dị ka viscosity na nnukwu mmiri mmiri, ma họrọ admixtures na nkà mmụta sayensị na ezi uche.
1. Mkpokọta retarder
Dị ka ihe owuwu nke ngwaahịa gypsum si dị, oge ọrụ bụ ihe dị mkpa na-egosi arụmọrụ ya, na isi ihe na-eme ka oge ọrụ dịkwuo ogologo bụ ịgbakwunye retarder.A na-ejikarị gypsum retarders eme ihe na-agụnye alkaline phosphate, citrate, tartrate, wdg. Ọ bụ ezie na ndị a na-emeghachi azụ nwere mmetụta dị mma na-azụ azụ, ha ga-emetụtakwa ike nke ngwaahịa gypsum na-emecha.The retarder eji kemịkalụ gypsum thermal ikpuchi ngwa agha bụ ihe mejupụtara retarder, nke nwere ike ibelata solubility nke hemihydrate gypsum n'ụzọ dị irè, na-ebelata ọsọ nke kristal germ guzobe, na-ebelata usoro crystallization.Mmetụta nkwụghachi azụ pụtara ìhè na-enweghị ike.
2. Mmiri njigide thickener
Iji mee ka ọrụ nke ngwa agha dịkwuo mma, melite njide mmiri, mmiri na-eguzogide sag, ọ na-adịkarị mkpa ịgbakwunye cellulose ether.Ojiji nke methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether nwere ike ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma na njide mmiri na ịgbatị, karịsịa n'oge okpomọkụ.
3. Redispersible latex ntụ ntụ
Iji mee ka njikọ ahụ dịkwuo mma, mgbanwe na nchikota nke ngwa agha na mkpụrụ, a ga-eji ntụ ntụ latex na-agbanwe agbanwe dị ka ihe mgbakwunye.Ntughari latex ntụ ntụ bụ resin ntụ ntụ nke enwetara site na ihicha ịgba na nhazi nke emulsion polymer dị elu.Na polymer na ngwa agha ngwakọta bụ a na-aga n'ihu na-adọ, nke nwere ike n'ụzọ dị irè igbochi ma ọ bụ igbu oge ọgbọ na mmepe nke cracks.Ọtụtụ mgbe, a na-enweta ike njikọ nke ngwa agha site n'ụkpụrụ nke occlusion n'ibu, ya bụ, a na-eji nwayọọ nwayọọ na-esiwanye ike na oghere nke isi ihe;njikọ nke polymers na-adabere na mgbasa ozi na mgbasa nke macromolecules na elu njikọ, na methyl The hydroxyethyl cellulose ether na-arụkọ ọrụ ọnụ na-abanye n'elu nke isi oyi akwa, na-eme ka elu nke isi ihe na elu nke ngwa agha. nso na arụmọrụ, si otú ahụ na-emeziwanye adsorption n'etiti ha ma na-emeziwanye arụmọrụ njikọ.
4. Lignin eriri
Lignocellulosic fibers bụ ihe okike na-amịkọrọ mmiri mana anaghị agbaze na ya.Ọrụ ya na-adabere na mgbanwe nke ya na usoro netwọk nke akụkụ atọ nke e kpụrụ mgbe agwakọtachara ya na ihe ndị ọzọ, nke nwere ike ime ka nkwụsị nke ihicha nke ngwa agha ghara ịda mbà n'ụzọ dị irè n'oge usoro ihicha nke ngwa agha ahụ, si otú ahụ na-eme ka nkwụsị mgbape nke ngwa agha ahụ dịkwuo mma.Tụkwasị na nke ahụ, usoro oghere nke akụkụ atọ nwere ike igbachi mmiri 2-6 ugboro ibu ya n'etiti, nke nwere mmetụta njigide mmiri;N'otu oge ahụ, ọ nwere ezigbo thixotropy, na usoro ahụ ga-agbanwe mgbe a na-etinye ike ndị dị n'èzí (dị ka ịchacha na ịkpali).Na nhazi n'akụkụ ntụziaka nke mmegharị ahụ, a na-ahapụ mmiri ahụ, viscosity na-ebelata, arụ ọrụ na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, a pụkwara imeziwanye ihe owuwu ahụ.Nnwale egosiwo na ogologo na ogologo ogologo nke eriri lignin dabara adaba.
5. Filler
Iji calcium carbonate dị arọ (calcium dị arọ) nwere ike ịgbanwe ọrụ nke ngwa agha ma belata ọnụ ahịa ya.
6. Oke nkwadebe
Gypsum kemịkalụ ihe owuwu: 80% ruo 86%;
Nkwụghachi azụ ihe mejupụtara: 0.2% ruo 5%;
Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether: 0.2% ruo 0.5%;
ntụ ntụ latex na-agbanwe agbanwe: 2% ruo 6%;
eriri lignin: 0.3% ruo 0.5%;
Calcium dị arọ: 11% ruo 13.6%;
Ngwakọta ngwa ngwa ngwakọta bụ roba: vitrified beads = 2: 1 ~ 1.1.
7. Usoro ihe owuwu
1) Hichaa mgbidi isi.
2) Na-ehicha mgbidi ahụ.
3) Kọwaa ahịrị njikwa ọkpụrụkpụ nke vetikal, square na nke na-agbanwe plasta.
4) Tinye ihe ntanetị.
5) Mee achịcha isi awọ na akwara ọkọlọtọ.
6) Tinye kemịkalụ gypsum vitrified bead mkpuchi ngwa agha.
7) Nnabata nke oyi akwa na-ekpo ọkụ.
8) Tinye ngwa agha gypsum mgbochi mgbawa, wee pịa akwa akwa eriri eriri na-eguzogide alkali n'otu oge ahụ.
9) Mgbe anabatachara, tinye akwa akwa akwa akwa akwa.
10) Na-egweri na calendering.
11) Nnabata.
8. Nkwubi okwu
N'ịchịkọta, ngwa agha mkpuchi thermal bụ otu n'ime ihe mkpuchi ọkụ dị mkpa na nhazi ihe owuwu.Ọ nwere ezigbo mkpuchi ọkụ na ihe mkpuchi ọkụ, nke nwere ike ibelata ọnụ ahịa ntinye nke ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe ma ghọta nchekwa ike na nchebe gburugburu ebe obibi na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe.
Site na mmepe ọha na eze na-aga n'ihu, n'ọdịnihu dị nso, ndị na-eme nchọpụta na mba anyị ga-emepụta nke ọma na ihe mkpuchi gburugburu ebe obibi.
Oge nzipu: Mar-24-2023