Kushandiswa kwedhaka sechinhu chekudzivirira mukuvaka kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro ekudzivirira kwekunze kwemadziro ekudzivirira madziro, kuderedza kupisa kwemukati, uye kudzivirira kupisa kusina kuenzana pakati pevashandisi, saka yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mukuvaka kuvaka.Uyezve, mari yechinhu ichi yakaderera, iyo inochengetedza mutengo wepurojekiti, uye ine kupisa kwakanyanya kwekudzivirira uye kudzivirira unyoro.
A. Raw zvinhu kusarudzwa uye basa
1. Vitrified microbead lightweight aggregate
Iyo inonyanya kukosha mudhaka ndeye vitrified microbeads, ayo anowanzo shandiswa zvinopisa zvekudzivirira zvivakwa mukuvaka kwechizvino chivakwa uye zvine yakanaka yekupisa yekupisa zvivakwa.Iyo inonyanya kugadzirwa neye acidic girazi zvinhu kuburikidza nepamusoro-tech kugadzirisa.
Kubva pamusoro pedhaka, kugovaniswa kwechikamu chechinhu chacho hachina kurongeka, segomba rine maburi akawanda.Zvisinei, panguva yekuvaka, kuumbwa kwechinhu ichi chaizvoizvo kwakanyatsonaka, uye kune chisimbiso chakanaka kumadziro.Izvo zvinhu zvakareruka, zvine kunaka kwekupisa kupisa, uye zvine hunhu hwekupisa tembiricha kuramba uye kupfeka kuramba.
Kazhinji kutaura, iyo yekupisa conductivity ye vitrified microbeads chinhu chakatanhamara, kunyanya kupisa kwepamusoro kwepamusoro ndiko kwakasimba, uye kupisa kwekudzivirira zvakare kwakanyanya kwazvo.Naizvozvo, panguva yekushandiswa kweiyo vitrified microbeads, vashandi vekuvaka vanofanirwa kudzora chinhambwe nenzvimbo pakati pechitubu chega chega kuitira kuti vaone kupisa kwemafuta uye kupisa kwekushisa basa reiyo thermal insulation material.
B. Chemical plaster
Kemikari gypsum chimwe chikamu chakakosha chedhaka.Inogona zvakare kunzi indasitiri yekudzoreredza gypsum.Iyo inonyanya kuumbwa necalcium sulfate tsvina yakasara, saka kugadzirwa kwayo kuri nyore kwazvo, uye inogona kuona kushandiswa kunoshanda kwezviwanikwa uye kuchengetedza simba.
Nekuvandudzwa kwehupfumi, mafekitori mazhinji anorasa mamwe marara emaindasitiri uye zvinosvibisa zuva rega rega, senge desulfurized gypsum senge phosphogypsum.Kana marara aya angopinda mumhepo, anozokonzera kusvibiswa kwemhepo uye kukanganisa hutano hwevanhu.Naizvozvo, kemikari gypsum inogona kunzi isimba rinodzokororwa sosi, uye zvakare inoziva kushandiswa kwemarara.
Zvinoenderana nehuwandu hwekusvibiswa kwehuwandu, phosphogypsum chinhu chinosvibisa zvakanyanya.Kana fekitori ikasaburitsa phosphogypsum kamwe chete, zvinokonzeresa kusvibiswa kwakakomba kunharaunda yakapoteredza.Nekudaro, chinhu ichi chinogona kuve sosi huru yemakemikari gypsum.Element.Kuburikidza nekuongorora uye kupera mvura kwephosphogypsum, vaongorori vakapedza maitiro ekushandura marara kuita pfuma uye vakagadzira makemikari gypsum.
Desulfurization gypsum inogona zvakare kunzi flue gasi desulfurization gypsum, inova chigadzirwa cheindasitiri chakaumbwa kuburikidza nedesulfurization uye kucheneswa kurapwa, uye kuumbwa kwayo kwakangofanana neyakasikwa gypsum.Iyo yemahara yemvura yemukati ye desulfurized gypsum inowanzo kwira, iyo yakakwira zvakanyanya kupfuura iyo yeyakasikwa gypsum, uye kubatana kwayo kwakasimba.Matambudziko mazhinji zvakare anowanzo kuitika panguva yese yekugadzira maitiro.Nokudaro, nzira yekugadzira yekuvaka gypsum haigoni kufanana neyechisikigo gypsum.Izvo zvinodikanwa kutora yakakosha kuomesa nzira yekudzikisa hunyoro hwayo.Inoumbwa nekuiongorora uye calcining pane imwe tembiricha.Nenzira iyi chete inogona kusangana neiyo yenyika certification zviyero uye kusangana nezvinodiwa zvekupisa kwekuvaka kwekudzivirira.
C. Musanganiswa
Kugadzirira kwemakemikari gypsum insulation mortar kunofanira kushandisa kuvaka kemikari gypsum sechinhu chikuru.Vitrified microbeads inowanzogadzirwa neakareruka aggregate.Vatsvakurudzi vakashandura zvivakwa zvayo kuburikidza nemisanganiswa kuti ienderane nezvinodiwa zvezvirongwa zvekuvaka.
Paunenge uchigadzira dhaka rekupisa rinopisa, vashandi vekuvaka vanofanirwa kutarisisa kune hunhu hwekuvaka makemikari gypsum, senge viscosity uye yakakura vhoriyamu yemvura, uye sarudza admixtures nesainzi uye zvine musoro.
1. Composite retarder
Zvinoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekuvaka zvezvigadzirwa zvegypsum, nguva yekushanda chiratidzo chakakosha chekuita kwayo, uye chiyero chikuru chekuwedzera nguva yekushanda ndeyekuwedzera retarder.Inowanzo shandiswa gypsum retarders inosanganisira alkaline phosphate, citrate, tartrate, etc. Kunyange zvazvo izvi zvinogadzirisa zvine maitiro akanaka ekudzosa, zvichakanganisawo simba rekupedzisira rezvigadzirwa zvegypsum.Iyo retarder inoshandiswa mumakemikari gypsum thermal insulation mortar ndeye composite retarder, iyo inogona kunyatso kudzikisa kunyungudika kwehemihydrate gypsum, inonoke kukurumidza kwekristalllization germ kuumbwa, uye inonoke muitiro wecrystallization.The retading effect iri pachena pasina kurasikirwa kwesimba.
2. Mvura yekuchengetedza mvura
Kuti uvandudze kushanda kwedhaka, kuvandudza kuchengetedza kwemvura, fluidity uye sag resistance, zvinowanzodiwa kuwedzera cellulose ether.Kushandiswa kwemethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether kunogona kuita zvirinani basa rekuchengetedza mvura uye kukora, kunyanya mukuvaka kwezhizha.
3. Redispersible latex poda
Kuti uvandudze kuwirirana, kushanduka uye kunamatira kwevhu kune substrate, redispersible latex powder inofanira kushandiswa semusanganiswa.Redispersible latex powder is powdery thermoplastic resin inowanikwa nekupfapfaidza kuomesa uye kunotevera kugadziridzwa kweyakakwira molecular polymer emulsion.Iyo polymer mumusanganiswa wedhaka chikamu chinoenderera, chinogona kumisa kana kunonoka chizvarwa uye kukura kwekutsemuka.Kazhinji, simba rekubatanidza redhaka rinowanikwa nenheyo ye mechanical occlusion, ndiko kuti, iyo inosimbiswa zvishoma nezvishoma mumapundu ezvinyorwa zvepasi;kusungirirwa kwemapolymers kunonyanya kutsamira pakushambadza uye kupararira kwe macromolecules pamusoro pekubatana, uye iyo methyl Iyo hydroxyethyl cellulose ether inoshanda pamwe chete kuti ipinde pamusoro peiyo base layer, ichiita pamusoro peiyo base zvinhu uye pamusoro pedhaka. padyo mukuita, nekudaro kuvandudza adsorption pakati pavo uye zvakanyanya kuvandudza mashandiro ekubatanidza.
4. Lignin fiber
Lignocellulosic fibers zvinhu zvakasikwa zvinotora mvura asi zvisinganyungudika mairi.Basa rayo riri mukushanduka kwayo uye matatu-dimensional network yakaumbwa mushure mekusanganiswa nezvimwe zvinhu, izvo zvinogona kunyatso netesa kuomeswa kwedhaka panguva yekuomeswa kwedhaka, nekudaro ichivandudza kutsemuka kwedhaka.Pamusoro pezvo, iyo yetatu-dimensional nzvimbo chimiro inogona kukiya mvura 2-6 kakapetwa huremu hwayo pakati, iyo ine imwe nzira yekuchengetedza mvura;panguva imwecheteyo, ine thixotropy yakanaka, uye chimiro chichashanduka kana simba rekunze rinoshandiswa (zvakadai sekukwenya uye kubvongodza).Uye yakarongedzwa pamwe negwara rekufamba, mvura inoburitswa, viscosity inoderera, kushanda kunovandudzwa, uye kuita kwekuvaka kunogona kuvandudzwa.Miedzo yakaratidza kuti mapfupi uye epakati marefu e lignin fiber akakodzera.
5. Filler
Kushandiswa kweheavy calcium carbonate (heavy calcium) inogona kushandura kushanda kwedhaka uye kuderedza mutengo.
6. Kugadzirira ratio
Kuvaka kemikari gypsum: 80% kusvika 86%;
Composite retarder: 0.2% kusvika 5%;
Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether: 0.2% kusvika 0.5%;
Redispersible latex poda: 2% kusvika 6%;
Lignin fiber: 0.3% kusvika 0.5%;
Heavy calcium: 11% kusvika 13.6%;
Iyo dhaka musanganiswa reshiyo irabha: vitrified bead = 2: 1 ~ 1.1.
7. Nzira yekuvaka
1) Chenesa rusvingo rwepasi.
2) Moisten madziro.
3) Rembedza yakatwasuka, sikweya, uye elastic plaster ukobvu kudzora mitsetse.
4) Shandisa interface mumiririri.
5) Gadzira grey makeke uye akajairika tendons.
6) Isa makemikari gypsum vitrified bead insulation mortar.
7) Kugamuchirwa kwejira rinodziya.
8) Isa gypsum anti-cracking mortar, uye dzvanya mune alkali-resistant girazi fiber mesh jira panguva imwe chete.
9) Mushure mekugamuchirwa, isa pasi pedenga nepurasita.
10) Kukuya uye kalendari.
11) Kubvuma.
8. Mhedziso
Kupfupisa, thermal insulation mortar ndechimwe chezvinhu zvakakosha zvekupisa zvekupisa muinjiniya yekuvaka.Iyo ine yakanaka yekupisa yekupisa uye yekupisa yekudzivirira zvivakwa, izvo zvinogona kuderedza mari yekupinda yeinjiniya yekuvaka uye kuona kuchengetedza kwesimba uye kuchengetedza kwezvakatipoteredza mukuvaka engineering.
Nekuenderera mberi kwekusimudzira nzanga, munguva pfupi iri kutevera, vaongorori munyika yedu vachanyatso gadzira zvirinani uye zvakatipoteredza zvine hushamwari zvekudzivirira zvinhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Mar-24-2023