Ukusetyenziswa kodaka njengento yokugquma ekwakhiweni kunokuphucula ukusebenza kwe-insulation ye-insulation wall layer yangaphandle, ukunciphisa ukulahleka kobushushu obungaphakathi, kunye nokuphepha ukufudumeza okungalinganiyo phakathi kwabasebenzisi, ngoko kusetyenziswe ngokubanzi ekwakheni isakhiwo.Ngaphezu koko, iindleko zalo mbandela ziphantsi, ezigcina iindleko zeprojekthi, kwaye zinokushisa okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nomswakama.
A. Ukukhetha imathiriyeli ekrwada kunye nomsebenzi
1. Vitrified microbead lightweight aggregate
Esona sithako sibalulekileyo kudaka yi-vitrified microbeads, ezisetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo izixhobo zokugquma i-thermal kulwakhiwo lwangoku lolwakhiwo kwaye zineempawu ezilungileyo zokugquma ubushushu.Ubukhulu becala yenziwe ngezinto zeglasi eneasidi ngokulungiswa kobuchwepheshe obuphezulu.
Ukusuka kumphezulu wodaka, ukuhanjiswa kwezinto eziphathekayo kunqabile kakhulu, njengomgodi onemingxuma emininzi.Nangona kunjalo, ngexesha lenkqubo yokwakha, ukuthungwa kwesi sixhobo ngokwenene kugudileyo kakhulu, kwaye kunophawu oluhle eludongeni.Izinto eziphathekayo zikhaphukhaphu kakhulu, zinobushushu obuhle bokugquma, kwaye zineempawu zokumelana nobushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokunxiba.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-thermal conductivity ye-vitrified microbeads luphawu olubalaseleyo, ngakumbi i-thermal conductivity yomphezulu yeyona inamandla, kunye nokumelana nobushushu kuphezulu kakhulu.Ngoko ke, ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwee-microbeads ze-vitrified, abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka balawule umgama kunye nommandla phakathi kweqhekeza ngalinye ukwenzela ukuba baqonde ukutshatyalaliswa kwe-thermal kunye nomsebenzi wokufudumala we-thermal insulation material.
B. Udaka lwemichiza
I-Gypsum yeMichiza lelinye icandelo elibalulekileyo lodaka.Isenokubizwa ngokuba yi-industrial recovery gypsum.Ubukhulu becala iqulethwe yintsalela yenkunkuma ye-calcium sulfate, ngoko ke imveliso yayo iluncedo kakhulu, kwaye inokuqonda ukusetyenziswa kakuhle kwezixhobo kunye nokugcina amandla.
Ngophuhliso loqoqosho, iifektri ezininzi zilahla inkunkuma yemizi-mveliso kunye nezinto ezingcolisa umzimba yonke imihla, njengegypsum enesulfurized ezifana nephosphogypsum.Nje ukuba le nkunkuma ingene emoyeni, iya kubangela ungcoliseko lomoya kwaye ichaphazele impilo yabantu.Ke ngoko, ikhemikhali yegypsum inokuthiwa ngumthombo wamandla ahlaziyekayo, kwaye ikwaqonda nokusetyenziswa kwenkunkuma.
Ngokweenkcukacha-manani ezahlukeneyo zongcoliseko, iphosphogypsum yinto engcoliseka kakhulu.Ukuba umzi-mveliso awukhuphi i-phosphogypsum kube kanye, iya kubangela ungcoliseko olukhulu kwindawo engqongileyo.Nangona kunjalo, le nto ingaba ngumthombo oyintloko we-chemical gypsum.Isiqalelo.Ngokuhlola kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni we-phosphogypsum, abaphandi bagqiba inkqubo yokuguqula inkunkuma ibe yindyebo kwaye benze i-chemical gypsum.
I-Desulfurization gypsum ingabizwa ngokuba yi-flue gas desulfurization gypsum, eyimveliso yemizi-mveliso eyenziwe nge-desulfurization kunye nonyango lokucoca, kwaye ukwakheka kwayo kuyafana naleyo ye-gypsum yendalo.Umthamo wamanzi wasimahla wegypsum ye-desulfurized ngokubanzi uphezulu, uphezulu kakhulu kune-gypsum yendalo, kwaye ukuhlangana kwayo kunamandla.Iingxaki ezininzi zikwathanda ukwenzeka ngexesha layo yonke inkqubo yemveliso.Ngoko ke, inkqubo yokuvelisa i-gypsum ayikwazi ukufana neyendalo ye-gypsum.Kuyimfuneko ukwamkela inkqubo yokumisa ekhethekileyo yokunciphisa umswakama wayo.Ibunjwa ngokuyihlola kunye ne-calcining kwiqondo lokushisa elithile.Kuphela ngale ndlela inokuhlangabezana nemigangatho yesatifikethi yesizwe kwaye ihlangabezane neemfuno zokwakhiwa kwe-thermal insulation.
C. Umxube
Ukulungiswa kweekhemikhali ze-gypsum insulation mortar kufuneka zisebenzise i-chemical gypsum yokwakha njengeyona nto ibalulekileyo.I-Vitrified microbeads zihlala zenziwe nge-aggregate ekhaphukhaphu.Abaphandi baye batshintsha iipropathi zayo ngokusebenzisa i-admixtures ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zeeprojekthi zokwakha.
Xa ulungiselela i-thermal insulation mortar, abasebenzi bokwakha kufuneka banikele ingqalelo kwiimpawu ze-gypsum yekhemikhali yokwakha, njenge-viscosity kunye nomthamo omkhulu wamanzi, kwaye ukhethe i-admixtures ngokwesayensi nangengqiqo.
1. I-composite retarder
Ngokweemfuno zokwakhiwa kweemveliso ze-gypsum, ixesha lokusebenza liyisalathisi esibalulekileyo sokusebenza kwayo, kwaye umlinganiselo oyintloko wokwandisa ixesha lokusebenza kukongeza i-retarder.I-gypsum retarders esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ibandakanya i-alkaline phosphate, i-citrate, i-tartrate, njl.I-retarder esetyenziswe kwi-chemical gypsum thermal insulation mortar yi-composite retarder, enokunciphisa ngokufanelekileyo i-solubility ye-hemihydrate gypsum, iyancipha isantya sokwakheka kwentsholongwane ye-crystallization, kwaye icothise inkqubo ye-crystallization.Isiphumo esibambekayo siyabonakala ngaphandle kokuphelelwa ngamandla.
2. Isityebi sokugcina amanzi
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kodaka, kuphuculwe ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ulwelo kunye nokumelana ne-sag, ngokuqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko yokongeza i-cellulose ether.Ukusetyenziswa kwe-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether kunokudlala ngcono indima yokugcina amanzi kunye nokuqina, ngakumbi kulwakhiwo lwasehlotyeni.
3. Umgubo welatex ofumaneka kwakhona
Ukuze kuphuculwe ukudibanisa, ukuguquguquka kunye nokunamathela komdaka kwi-substrate, i-latex powder edibeneyo kufuneka isetyenziswe njenge-admixture.Redispersible latex powder yi-powdery thermoplastic resin efunyenwe ngokumisa isitshizi kunye nokucutshungulwa okulandelayo kwe-molecular polymer emulsion ephezulu.I-polymer kumxube wodaka yinqanaba eliqhubekayo, elinokuthintela ngokufanelekileyo okanye ukulibazisa isizukulwana kunye nophuhliso lweentanda.Ngokuqhelekileyo, amandla okubambisana omdaka aphunyezwa ngumgaqo wokuvala oomatshini, oko kukuthi, ngokuthe ngcembe uqiniswa kwizikhewu zezinto ezisisiseko;Ukudityaniswa kweepolymers kuxhomekeke ngakumbi kwi-adsorption kunye nokusasazwa kweemacromolecules kumphezulu wokudibanisa, kunye ne-methyl I-hydroxyethyl cellulose ether isebenza kunye ukuze ingene kumphezulu womgangatho wesiseko, yenze umphezulu wesiseko kunye nomphezulu wodaka. kufutshane ekusebenzeni, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe i-adsorption phakathi kwabo kunye nokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kwebhondi.
4. I-Lignin fiber
I-Lignocellulosic fibers zizinto zendalo ezifunxa amanzi kodwa zinganyibiliki kuyo.Umsebenzi wayo ulele ekuguquguqukeni kwayo kunye nesakhiwo sothungelwano esine-ntathu-dimensional eyenziwe emva kokuxubana nezinye izinto, ezinokuthi zenze buthathaka ngokufanelekileyo ukushwabana kokumisa kodaka ngexesha lokumisa inkqubo yodaka, ngaloo ndlela kuphuculwe ukuxhathisa kokuqhekeka kodaka.Ukongeza, isakhiwo sendawo esine-dimensional-dimensional singatshixa amanzi ngokuphindwe ka-2-6 ubunzima bawo embindini, onesiphumo esithile sokugcina amanzi;ngelo xesha, ine-thixotropy elungileyo, kwaye isakhiwo siya kutshintsha xa kusetyenziswa amandla angaphandle (njengokukhuhla kunye nokuvuselela).Kwaye ihlelwe ecaleni kwendlela yokuhamba, amanzi akhululwa, i-viscosity iyancipha, ukusebenza kuphuculwe, kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kunokuphuculwa.Uvavanyo lubonise ukuba ubude obufutshane kunye nobude be-lignin fibers bufanelekile.
5. Isigcwalisi
Ukusetyenziswa kwe-calcium carbonate enzima (i-calcium enzima) kunokutshintsha ukusebenza kodaka kunye nokunciphisa iindleko.
6. Umlinganiselo wokulungiselela
I-gypsum yeekhemikhali zokwakha: 80% ukuya kwi-86%;
I-Composite retarder: 0.2% ukuya kwi-5%;
I-Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether: 0.2% ukuya kwi-0.5%;
I-latex powder ehlanjululwayo: 2% ukuya kwi-6%;
I-Lignin fiber: 0.3% ukuya kwi-0.5%;
I-calcium enzima: 11% ukuya kwi-13.6%;
Umlinganiselo womxube wodaka yirabha: amaso e-vitrified = 2: 1 ~ 1.1.
7. Inkqubo yokwakha
1) Coca udonga olusisiseko.
2) Memisa udonga.
3) Xhoma imigca yolawulo oluthe nkqo, yesikwere, kunye nelastiki yodaka.
4) Faka i-arhente ye-interface.
5) Yenza amaqebelengwane ampunga kunye neetoni eziqhelekileyo.
6) Faka ikhemikhali yegypsum vitrified bead insulation mortar.
7) Ukwamkelwa komgangatho ofudumeleyo.
8) Faka i-gypsum anti-cracking mortar, kwaye ucinezele kwi-alkali-resistant glass fiber mesh ilaphu ngaxeshanye.
9) Emva kokuvunywa, faka i-surface layer nge-plaster.
10) Ukugaya kunye nekhalenda.
11) Ukwamkelwa.
8. Isiphelo
Ukushwankathela, i-thermal insulation mortar yenye yezinto ezibalulekileyo zokugquma i-thermal kubunjineli bokwakha.Inobushushu obulungileyo kunye neempawu zokufakelwa kwe-thermal, ezinokunciphisa iindleko zegalelo lobunjineli bokwakha kunye nokuqaphela ukonga amandla kunye nokukhuselwa kwendalo kubunjineli bokwakha.
Ngophuhliso oluqhubekayo loluntu, kwikamva elingekude, abaphandi kwilizwe lethu baya kuphuhlisa ngokuqinisekileyo izinto zokugquma ezingcono nezingasingqongileyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Mar-24-2023