ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) e pili ana i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu a me nā hopena kemika.ʻO ka CMC he polymer hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai i loaʻa mai ka cellulose, he polymer maoli i loaʻa i loko o nā paia cell o nā mea kanu.Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā ʻoihana like ʻole e like me ka meaʻai, nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā mea hoʻonaninani, a me nā textiles ma muli o kona mānoanoa, hoʻopaʻa, a paʻa nā waiwai.Eia kahi alakaʻi kikoʻī e pili ana i ka hana ʻana i ka carboxymethylcellulose:
Introduction to Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC):
ʻO Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) he mea ia o ka cellulose, he polysaccharide maoli i loaʻa i loko o nā paia o nā mea kanu.ʻO ka hana ʻana o CMC e pili ana i ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka cellulose ma o nā hopena kemika e hoʻokomo i nā hui carboxymethyl ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose.Hāʻawi kēia hoʻololi i ka hoʻoheheʻe wai a me nā waiwai makemake ʻē aʻe i ka polymer.
Mea Maka:
Cellulose: ʻO ka mea maka mua no ka hana CMC he cellulose.Hiki ke kiʻi ʻia ka cellulose mai nā kumu kūlohelohe like ʻole e like me ka pulp lāʻau, ka pulupulu linter, a i ʻole nā koena mahiʻai.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): Hoʻohana ʻia ka sodium hydroxide i ka hana mua o ka CMC no ka mālama ʻana i ka cellulose alkali.
ʻO Chloroacetic Acid (ClCH2COOH): ʻO ka waikawa Chloroacetic ka reagent nui i hoʻohana ʻia e hoʻokomo i nā hui carboxymethyl ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose.
Etherification Catalyst: Hoʻohana ʻia nā Catalysts e like me ka sodium hydroxide a i ʻole ka sodium carbonate e hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hopena etherification ma waena o ka cellulose a me ka chloroacetic acid.
Nā mea hoʻoheheʻe: Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe e like me isopropanol a i ʻole ethanol e hoʻoheheʻe i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe a kōkua i ke kaʻina hana.
Kaʻina hana:
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka carboxymethylcellulose e pili ana i kekahi mau hana nui:
1. Lapaʻau Alkali o Cellulose:
Hoʻohana ʻia ʻo Cellulose me kahi alkali ikaika, ʻo ia hoʻi ka sodium hydroxide (NaOH), e hoʻonui i kona reactivity ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kekahi o kāna mau pūʻulu hydroxyl i ka cellulose alkali.Hana ʻia kēia mālama ʻana i loko o kahi moku reactor i nā wela kiʻekiʻe.Holoi ʻia ka cellulose alkali i hana ʻia e hoʻoneʻe i ka alkali.
2. Etherification:
Ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa alkali, hoʻopili ʻia ka cellulose me ka waikawa chloroacetic (ClCH2COOH) i mua o kahi catalyst etherification.Hoʻokomo kēia hopena i nā pūʻulu carboxymethyl ma ka iwi kuamoʻo cellulose, ka hopena i ka hoʻokumu ʻana o carboxymethylcellulose.ʻO ka hopena etherification ka mea maʻamau ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻomalu ʻia o ka mahana, ke kaomi, a me ka pH e hoʻokō i ke degere makemake o ka hoʻololi (DS) a me ke kaumaha molekala o CMC.
3. Holoi a hoomaemae:
Ma hope o ka hopena etherification, holoi maikaʻi ʻia ka huahana CMC maʻemaʻe e hoʻoneʻe i nā reagents, nā huahana, a me nā haumia.Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka holoi ʻana me ka wai a i ʻole nā mea hoʻoheheʻe organik a ukali ʻia e ka kānana a i ʻole ka centrifugation.Hiki i nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke komo i ka mālama ʻana me nā waikawa a i ʻole nā kumu e hoʻoponopono ai i ka pH a hoʻoneʻe i ke koena catalysts.
4. Hoʻomaloʻo:
Hoʻomaloʻo ʻia ka CMC i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ka wehe ʻana i ka makū a loaʻa ka huahana hope i ka pauka a i ʻole ke ʻano granular.Hoʻohana maʻamau ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻano e like me ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana, ka maloʻo maloʻo, a i ʻole ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana i ka ea ma lalo o nā kūlana i hoʻomalu ʻia e pale ai i ka hōʻino a i ʻole ka agglomeration o ka polymer.
Mana maikaʻi:
Pono nā ʻano hoʻomalu maikaʻi i loko o ke kaʻina hana CMC e hōʻoia i ka kūlike, ka maʻemaʻe, a me nā waiwai i makemake ʻia o ka huahana hope.Loaʻa i nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi koʻikoʻi:
Degree of substitution (DS): Ka helu awelika o nā pūʻulu carboxymethyl no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana glucose i ke kaulahao cellulose.
Māhele paona molekula: Hoʻoholo ʻia e nā ʻenehana e like me nā ana viscosity a i ʻole gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
Maʻemaʻe: ʻIke ʻia e nā ʻano analytical e like me infrared spectroscopy (IR) a i ʻole high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) e ʻike ai i nā haumia.
Viscosity: He waiwai koʻikoʻi no nā noi he nui, ana ʻia me ka viscometers e hōʻoia i ka paʻa a me ka hana.
Nā noi o Carboxymethylcellulose:
Loaʻa ka Carboxymethylcellulose i ka hoʻohana nui ʻana i nā ʻoihana like ʻole, me:
ʻOihana Meaʻai: Ma ke ʻano he mānoanoa, stabilizer, a me ka emulsifier i nā huahana e like me nā kīʻaha, nā lole, ice cream, a me nā mea i kālua ʻia.
ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau: I loko o nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻopili, disintegrant, a me ka viscosity modifier i loko o nā papa, nā hoʻokuʻu ʻana, a me nā ʻano kumuhana.
Mea hoʻonani: I loko o nā huahana mālama pilikino e like me ka cream, lotions, a me nā shampoos ma ke ʻano he mea mānoanoa a me ka rheology modifier.
Textiles: Ma ka paʻi lole, ka nui, a me ka hoʻopau ʻana i nā kaʻina hana e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i nā waiwai lole a me ka hana.
Nā Manaʻo Kaiapuni a me ka Maluhia:
Hoʻokomo ʻia ka hana CMC i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kemika a me nā kaʻina hana ikaika, hiki ke loaʻa i nā hopena kūlohelohe e like me ka hana ʻana i ka wai ʻino a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu.ʻO ka hoʻoikaika ʻana e hōʻemi i ka hopena o ke kaiapuni a me ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka mālama pono ʻana i nā kemika he mea koʻikoʻi i ka hana CMC.ʻO ka hoʻokō ʻana i nā hana maikaʻi loa no ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōpala, ka ikaika o ka ikehu, a me ke olakino a me ka palekana ʻoihana hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i kēia mau pilikia.
ʻO ka hana ʻana o ka carboxymethylcellulose e pili ana i kekahi mau ʻanuʻu e hoʻomaka ana mai ka lawe ʻana i ka cellulose a hiki i ka mālama alkali, etherification, hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ka maloʻo.He mea koʻikoʻi nā ana hoʻomalu maikaʻi e hōʻoia i ka paʻa a me ka maʻemaʻe o ka huahana hope, e ʻike ai i nā noi ākea ma nā ʻoihana like ʻole.ʻO ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka palekana he mau mea koʻikoʻi o ka hana ʻana o CMC, e hōʻike ana i ka pono o nā hana hana hoʻomau a me ke kuleana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-27-2024