Samar da carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa da halayen sinadaran.CMC shine polymer mai narkewa da ruwa wanda aka samo daga cellulose, polymer na halitta da ake samu a bangon tantanin halitta.An yi amfani da shi sosai a masana'antu daban-daban kamar abinci, magunguna, kayan shafawa, da kayan masaku saboda kauri, daidaitawa, da abubuwan ɗaurewa.Anan ga cikakken jagora kan yadda ake samar da carboxymethylcellulose:
Gabatarwa zuwa Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC):
Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) wani abu ne na cellulose, wani nau'in polysaccharide da ke faruwa a dabi'a wanda aka samo a cikin ganuwar tantanin halitta.Samar da CMC ya ƙunshi gyaggyarawa cellulose ta hanyar halayen sinadarai don gabatar da ƙungiyoyin carboxymethyl akan kashin bayan cellulose.Wannan gyare-gyare yana ba da solubility na ruwa da sauran kyawawan kaddarorin ga polymer.
Raw Kayayyaki:
Cellulose: Babban albarkatun kasa don samar da CMC shine cellulose.Ana iya samun cellulose daga maɓuɓɓugar halitta daban-daban kamar ɓangaren litattafan almara, auduga, ko ragowar noma.
Sodium Hydroxide (NaOH): Hakanan aka sani da soda caustic, ana amfani da sodium hydroxide a farkon matakan samar da CMC don maganin cellulose alkali.
Chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH): Chloroacetic acid shine babban reagent da ake amfani dashi don gabatar da ƙungiyoyin carboxymethyl akan kashin bayan cellulose.
Etherification Catalyst: Ana amfani da masu kara kuzari kamar sodium hydroxide ko sodium carbonate don sauƙaƙe halayen etherification tsakanin cellulose da chloroacetic acid.
Magani: Za a iya amfani da masu narkewa kamar isopropanol ko ethanol don narkar da masu amsawa da taimako a cikin tsarin amsawa.
Tsarin samarwa:
Samar da carboxymethylcellulose ya ƙunshi matakai masu mahimmanci:
1. Alkaki Maganin Cellulose:
Ana kula da Cellulose tare da alkali mai ƙarfi, yawanci sodium hydroxide (NaOH), don ƙara haɓaka aikin sa ta hanyar canza wasu rukunin hydroxyl zuwa alkali cellulose.Yawancin lokaci ana yin wannan magani a cikin jirgin ruwa mai ɗaukar nauyi a yanayin zafi mai tsayi.Sai a wanke alkali cellulose da aka samu sannan a cire shi don cire alkali da ya wuce kima.
2. Etherification:
Bayan maganin alkali, ana amsa cellulose tare da chloroacetic acid (ClCH2COOH) a gaban mai kara kuzari.Wannan halayen yana gabatar da ƙungiyoyin carboxymethyl akan kashin bayan cellulose, wanda ke haifar da samuwar carboxymethylcellulose.Halin etherification yawanci yana faruwa a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa na zafin jiki, matsa lamba, da pH don cimma ƙimar da ake so na maye gurbin (DS) da nauyin kwayoyin halitta na CMC.
3. Wanka da Tsarkakewa:
Bayan da etherification dauki, da danyen samfurin CMC da aka wanke sosai don cire unreacts reagents, ta-kayayyakin, da kuma datti.Ana yin wanka yawanci ta amfani da ruwa ko abubuwan kaushi na halitta sannan a bi da tacewa ko centrifugation.Matakan tsarkakewa na iya haɗawa da jiyya tare da acid ko tushe don daidaita pH da cire ragowar abubuwan kara kuzari.
4. Bushewa:
An bushe CMC mai tsabta don cire danshi da samun samfurin ƙarshe a cikin foda ko granular form.Ana yin bushewa yawanci ta amfani da hanyoyi kamar bushewar feshi, bushewar injin, ko bushewar iska a ƙarƙashin yanayin sarrafawa don hana lalacewa ko lalata polymer.
Kula da inganci:
Matakan kula da ingancin suna da mahimmanci a cikin tsarin samar da CMC don tabbatar da daidaito, tsabta, da abubuwan da ake so na samfurin ƙarshe.Mahimman sigogi masu inganci sun haɗa da:
Matsayin maye (DS): Matsakaicin adadin ƙungiyoyin carboxymethyl a kowace naúrar glucose a cikin sarkar cellulose.
Rarraba nauyin kwayoyin halitta: An ƙaddara ta hanyar fasaha kamar ma'aunin danko ko gel permeation chromatography (GPC).
Tsafta: An kimanta ta hanyoyin nazari kamar infrared spectroscopy (IR) ko babban aikin ruwa chromatography (HPLC) don gano ƙazanta.
Danko: Wani abu mai mahimmanci don aikace-aikace da yawa, wanda aka auna ta amfani da viscometers don tabbatar da daidaito da aiki.
Aikace-aikace na Carboxymethylcellulose:
Carboxymethylcellulose yana samun amfani da yawa a cikin masana'antu daban-daban, gami da:
Masana'antar Abinci: A matsayin mai kauri, stabilizer, da emulsifier a cikin samfura kamar su miya, miya, ice cream, da kayan gasa.
Pharmaceuticals: A cikin ƙirar magunguna azaman ɗaure, rarrabuwa, da gyare-gyaren danko a cikin allunan, dakatarwa, da ƙirar ƙasa.
Kayan shafawa: A cikin samfuran kulawa na sirri kamar su creams, lotions, da shampoos a matsayin wakili mai kauri da gyaran rheology.
Yadudduka: A cikin bugu na yadi, ƙima, da kuma kammala matakai don haɓaka kaddarorin masana'anta da aiki.
La'akarin Muhalli da Tsaro:
Samar da CMC ya ƙunshi amfani da sinadarai da matakai masu ƙarfi, waɗanda za su iya samun tasirin muhalli kamar samar da ruwan sha da makamashi.Ƙoƙarin rage tasirin muhalli da tabbatar da amintaccen sarrafa sinadarai suna da mahimmancin la'akari a masana'antar CMC.Aiwatar da mafi kyawun ayyuka don maganin sharar gida, ƙarfin kuzari, da lafiya da aminci na sana'a na iya taimakawa rage waɗannan damuwa.
Samar da carboxymethylcellulose ya ƙunshi matakai da yawa waɗanda suka fara daga hakar cellulose zuwa maganin alkali, etherification, tsarkakewa, da bushewa.Matakan kula da ingancin suna da mahimmanci don tabbatar da daidaito da tsabta na samfurin ƙarshe, wanda ke samun aikace-aikace masu yawa a cikin masana'antu daban-daban.Muhalli da aminci la'akari ne muhimman al'amurran da CMC samar, jaddada bukatar da dorewa da kuma alhakin masana'antu ayyuka.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris 27-2024