Kungani kufanele i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose yengezwe odakeni.

IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose inendima ebalulekile odakeni, okungukuthi, ukugcinwa kwamanzi.Udaka olungagcini kahle amanzi kulula ukuluhlukanisa ngesikhathi sokuthutha, futhi amanzi kulula ukulahlekelwa.Uma isakazwa phezu kwezinto ezimbotshana, amanzi amaningi kulula ukumuncwa.Shintsha ukusebenza kodaka, ukuze kuthinte ukuqina okuvamile kodaka kanye nokubopha phakathi kwezinto zokuvimba, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphise amandla okwakhiwa kwamatshe.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kuvezwa ngezinga lokubeka izingqimba.

Indlela yokuhlola yezinga le-stratification yodaka imi kanje: faka ingxube yodaka esanda kuxutshwa endaweni yokuhlola i-stratification enobubanzi bangaphakathi obuyi-15 cm, ukuphakama kwengxenye engaphezulu kuka-20 cm, ukuphakama kwengxenye engezansi ye-stratification. 10 cm kanye nomugqa ongezansi, bese ulinganisa i-sedimentation yayo.Bese uvumela ukuthi ime imizuzu engu-30, susa u-20 cm wodaka ngenhla, uphinde uhlanganise u-10 cm osele we-mortar, ulinganise izinga lokucwilisa kanye namanye amanani, khona-ke izinga lokubeka udaka lingabalwa kalula yithi.

Udaka olunokugcinwa kahle kwamanzi lunezinga elincane le-delamination.Ngokuvamile, kuyadingeka ukuthatha i-1-2 cm njengedigri ye-delamination engalungile.Udaka olunedigri ye-delamination enkulu kuno-2 cm alugcini kahle amanzi futhi kulula ukuluhlukanisa.Umsebenzi wokwakha awubuyiseli udaka ngedigri ye-delamination eseduze noziro., ukugcinwa kwamanzi aqinile, akukho ukwendlaleka phezulu naphansi, kodwa lesi simo sivame ukubangelwa izinto eziningi zikasimende noma isihlabathi esincane kakhulu, ngakho-ke udaka lujwayele ukomisa imifantu enciphayo, ikakhulukazi ayifanele ukuplasta udaka.

01. Umthelela wokusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-hydroxypropyl cellulose odakeni:

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka kubhekisela emandleni odaka ukugcina amanzi.Udaka olungagcini kahle amanzi lujwayele ukopha nokuhlukaniswa ngesikhathi sokuthutha nokugcinwa, okungukuthi, amanzi antanta phezulu, nesihlabathi nosimende usinki ngezansi.Kufanele ihlanganiswe kabusha ngaphambi kokusetshenziswa.

Zonke izinhlobo zezisekelo ezidinga udaka ukuze zakhiwe zinokumuncwa okuthile kwamanzi.Uma ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka kungalungile, udaka oluxubekile luzomuncwa ngokushesha nje lapho udaka oseluvele luhlangene luhlangana nebhulokhi noma isisekelo ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kodaka.Ngesikhathi esifanayo, indawo engaphandle yodaka ihwamulisa amanzi emkhathini, okuholela ekubeni nomswakama onganele odakeni ngenxa yokuphelelwa amanzi emzimbeni, okuthinta ukugeleza okwengeziwe kukasimende, futhi ngesikhathi esifanayo kuthinta ukuthuthukiswa okuvamile kwamandla odaka. , okubangela amandla, ikakhulukazi ukuxhumana phakathi kodaka oluqinile kanye nesendlalelo sesisekelo.iba ngaphansi, okwenza udaka luqhekeke futhi liwe.Ngodaka olunokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle, i-cement hydration yanele ngokwanele, amandla angathuthukiswa ngokujwayelekile, futhi angahlanganiswa kangcono nesendlalelo sesisekelo.

Udaka oluxutshwe ngomumo luvamise ukwakhiwa phakathi kwamabhulokhi amunca amanzi noma lusakazwe esisekelweni, lwakhiwe lonke kanye nesisekelo.Umthelela wokungagcinwa kahle kwamanzi kodaka kwikhwalithi yephrojekthi umi kanje:

1. Ngenxa yokulahlekelwa ngokweqile kwamanzi othulini, kuzothinta ukujiya okuvamile nokuqina kodaka, futhi kunciphise amandla okubopha phakathi kodaka nongaphezulu, okungagcini nje ngokuphazamisa emisebenzini yokwakha, kodwa futhi kunciphisa amandla okwakhiwa kwamatshe, ngaleyo ndlela kunciphisa kakhulu ikhwalithi yephrojekthi.

2. Uma udaka lungaboshiwe kahle, amanzi athathwa kalula yizitini, okwenza udaka lome kakhulu futhi lube lukhulu, futhi isicelo asilingani.Lapho iphrojekthi isetshenziswa, ayithinti nje inqubekelaphambili, kodwa futhi yenza udonga luthambekele ekuqhekekeni ngenxa yokuncipha;

Ngakho-ke, ukwandisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka akuyona nje inzuzo ekwakhiweni, kodwa futhi kwandisa amandla.

02. Indlela yendabuko yokuthuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka

Isixazululo sendabuko ukunisela isisekelo, kodwa akunakwenzeka ukuqinisekisa ukuthi isisekelo siswakanyiswe ngokulinganayo.Umgomo ofanelekile we-hydration wodaka lukasimende esisekelweni uwukuthi: umkhiqizo we-cement hydration ungena esisekelweni kanye nenqubo yesisekelo esimunca amanzi, sakha "ukuxhumana okubalulekile" okuphumelelayo nesisekelo, ukuze kuzuzwe amandla esibopho adingekayo.

Ukunisela ngokuqondile phezu kwesisekelo kuzodala ukuhlakazeka okukhulu ekumunceni kwamanzi kwesisekelo ngenxa yokuhluka kwezinga lokushisa, isikhathi sokunisela, nokufana kokunisela.Isisekelo sinokumuncwa okuncane kwamanzi futhi sizoqhubeka nokumunca amanzi osimende.Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka kwe-cement hydration, amanzi adonswa, okuthinta ukungena kwe-cement hydration kanye nemikhiqizo ye-hydration ku-matrix;isisekelo sinokumuncwa okukhulu kwamanzi, futhi amanzi odaka agelezela esisekelweni.Ijubane eliphakathi lokufuduka lihamba kancane, futhi ngisho nongqimba olunothile ngamanzi luyakhiwa phakathi kodaka kanye ne-matrix, okuphinde kuthinte amandla esibopho.Ngakho-ke, ukusebenzisa indlela evamile yokunisela isisekelo ngeke nje kuhluleke ukuxazulula ngokuphumelelayo inkinga yokumuncwa kwamanzi amaningi kwesisekelo sodonga, kodwa kuzothinta amandla okubopha phakathi kodaka nesisekelo, okuholela ekubhobozeni nasekuqhekekeni.

03. Iqhaza lokugcinwa kwamanzi ngendlela efanele

Ukusebenza kokugcina amanzi okuphezulu kodaka kunezinzuzo eziningi:

1. Ukusebenza okuhle kakhulu kokugcina amanzi kwenza udaka luvuleke isikhathi eside, futhi lunobuhle bokwakhiwa kwendawo enkulu, impilo ende yesevisi ebhakedeni, kanye nokuxuba inqwaba kanye nokusetshenziswa kwenqwaba.

2. Ukusebenza kahle kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwenza usimende odakeni ube namanzi ngokugcwele, okwenza ngcono ngempumelelo ukusebenza kwebhondi lodaka.

3. Udaka lusebenza kahle kakhulu ekugcineni amanzi, okwenza udaka lungabi lula ukuhlukaniswa nokopha, futhi luthuthukise ukusebenza nokwakhiwa kodaka.