Cellulose ether e sebelisoa seretseng se omeletseng se tsoakiloeng

Liphello tsa li-ethers tse 'maloa tse tloaelehileng tsa cellulose e le' ngoe le li-ether tse tsoakiloeng ka seretse se omileng se kopantsoeng ka ho boloka metsi le ho teteaneng, ho phalla ha metsi, ho sebetsa hantle, ho kenya letsoho moeeng, le matla a seretse se omileng se omileng se hlahlojoa.E molemo ho feta ether e le 'ngoe;tataiso ea nts'etsopele ea ts'ebeliso ea cellulose ether ka seretse se omileng se kopantsoeng se lebelletsoe.

Mantsoe a bohlokoa:cellulose ether;seretse se omileng se omileng;ether e le 'ngoe;ether e tsoakiloeng

Seretse sa setso se na le mathata a kang ho petsoha ha bonolo, ho tsoa mali, ts'ebetso e mpe, tšilafalo ea tikoloho, joalo-joalo, 'me butle-butle e tla nkeloa sebaka ke seretse se omileng.Seretse se omileng, se tsejoang hape e le seretse se kopantsoeng pele (se omileng), lisebelisoa tse omeletseng tsa phofo, motsoako o omileng, seretse sa phofo se omileng, seretse se tsoakiloeng, ke seretse se tsoakiloeng se felileng ntle le ho kopanya metsi.Cellulose ether e na le thepa e babatsehang e kang ho teteana, ho emulsification, ho emisoa, ho thehoa ha filimi, colloid e sireletsang, ho boloka mongobo le ho khomarela, 'me ke motsoako oa bohlokoa ka har'a seretse se omileng se omileng.

Pampiri ena e hlahisa melemo, mathata le mokhoa oa nts'etsopele ea cellulose ether ts'ebetsong ea seretse se omileng se omileng.

1. Litšobotsi tsa seretse se omileng se omileng

Ho ea ka litlhoko tsa kaho, seretse se omeletseng se ka sebelisoa ka mor'a hore se lekanyetsoe ka nepo le ho tsoakoa ka ho feletseng setsing sa tlhahiso ea lihlahisoa, ebe se kopantsoe le metsi sebakeng sa kaho ho ea ka karolelano ea samente ea metsi.Ha ho bapisoa le seretse sa setso, seretse se tsoakiloeng se na le melemo e latelang:①Boleng bo botle haholo, seretse se omeletseng se entsoe ho latela moralo oa mahlale, automation e kholo, e kopantsoeng le li-admixtures tse loketseng ho netefatsa hore sehlahisoa se ka fihlela litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa boleng;②Mefuta e mengata, lirekere tse fapaneng tsa ts'ebetso li ka hlahisoa ho latela litlhoko tse fapaneng;③Ts'ebetso e ntle ea kaho, e bonolo ho e sebelisa le ho e senya, e felisang tlhoko ea substrate pele ho metsi le tlhokomelo e latelang ea ho nosetsa;④Ho bonolo ho e sebelisa, eketsa metsi le ho sisinyeha, ho bonolo ho e tsamaisa le ho e boloka, e loketseng tsamaiso ea kaho;⑤tshireletso e tala le tikoloho, ha ho lerōle setšeng sa kaho, ha ho na liqubu tse fapa-fapaneng tsa thepa e tala, ho fokotsa tšusumetso tikolohong e potolohileng;⑥seretse sa moruo, se omeletseng se qoba tšebeliso e sa utloahaleng ea lisebelisoa tse tala ka lebaka la metsoako e utloahalang, 'me se loketse ho sebelisoa ka mechine Kaho e khutsufatsa potoloho ea kaho le ho fokotsa litšenyehelo tsa kaho.

Cellulose ether ke motsoako oa bohlokoa oa seretse se omeletseng.Cellulose ether e ka etsa motsoako o tsitsitseng oa calcium-silicate-hydroxide (CSH) ka lehlabathe le samente ho finyella litlhoko tsa lisebelisoa tse ncha tsa seretse tse sebetsang hantle.

2. Cellulose ether e le motsoako

Cellulose ether ke polima ea tlhaho e fetotsoeng moo liathomo tsa haedrojene tse sehlopheng sa hydroxyl sebakeng sa sebopeho sa cellulose li nkeloa sebaka ke lihlopha tse ling.Mofuta, bongata le kabo ea lihlopha tse nkang sebaka sa ketane e kholo ea cellulose li khetholla mofuta le tlhaho.

Sehlopha sa hydroxyl ka ketane ea cellulose ether molecular e hlahisa li-intermolecular oxygen bonds, tse ka ntlafatsang ho tšoana le ho phethahala ha samente hydration;eketsa ho tsitsa ha seretse, fetola rheology le compressibility ea seretse;ntlafatsa ho hanyetsa mapheo a seretse;Ho kenya moea, ho ntlafatsa ho sebetsa ha seretse.

2.1 Tšebeliso ea carboxymethyl cellulose

Carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) ke ionic e qhibilihang ka metsing e le 'ngoe ea cellulose ether, 'me letsoai la eona la sodium hangata le sebelisoa.CMC e hloekileng ke phofo e tšoeu kapa e tšoeu ea milky kapa granules, ha e na monko ebile ha e latsoehe.Matšoao a mantlha a ho lekanya boleng ba CMC ke degree of substitution (DS) le viscosity, pepeneneng le botsitso ba tharollo.

Kamora ho kenyelletsa CMC seretseng, e na le litlamorao tse hlakileng tsa ho teteana le ho boloka metsi, 'me phello e teteaneng e ipapisitse le boima ba eona ba molek'hule le tekanyo ea ho e nkela sebaka.Kamora ho kenyelletsa CMC bakeng sa lihora tse 48, ho ile ha lekanyetsoa hore sekhahla sa ho monya metsi sa sampole ea seretse se fokotsehile.Ha sekhahla sa ho monya metsi se le tlase, sekhahla sa ho boloka metsi se phahame;phello ea ho boloka metsi e eketseha ka keketseho ea keketso ea CMC.Ka lebaka la phello e ntle ea ho boloka metsi, e ka etsa bonnete ba hore motsoako oa seretse se omeletseng ha o tsoe mali kapa oa arola.Hajoale, CMC e sebelisoa haholo-holo e le ntho e thibelang ho hloekisoa ha metsi matamong, boema-kepe, marokhong le meahong e meng, e ka fokotsang tšusumetso ea metsi holim'a samente le li-aggregate tse ntle le ho fokotsa tšilafalo ea tikoloho.

CMC ke motsoako oa ionic mme o na le litlhoko tse phahameng holim'a samente, ho seng joalo e ka sebetsana le Ca (OH) 2 e qhibilihisitsoeng ka samente ka mor'a ho kopanngoa le slurry ea samente ho etsa calcium carboxymethylcellulose e sa keneleng metsi le ho lahleheloa ke viscosity ea eona, ho fokotsa haholo ts'ebetso ea ho boloka metsi. ea CMC e holofetse;khanyetso ea enzyme ea CMC e fokola.

2.2 Tšebeliso eahydroxyethyl cellulosele hydroxypropyl cellulose

Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) le hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC) ke li-ether tse se nang ionic tse qhibilihang ka metsing tse nang le khanyetso e phahameng ea letsoai.HEC e tsitsitse ho futhumatsa;qhibilihang habonolo metsing a batang le a chesang;ha pH ea boleng e le 2-12, viscosity e fetoha hanyane.HPC e qhibiliha ka metsing ka tlase ho 40°C le palo e kholo ea li-solvents tsa polar.E na le thermoplasticity le mosebetsi oa holim'a metsi.Ha tekanyo ea ho fetola e phahame, mocheso oa metsi oo HPC e ka qhibilihang ka oona o fokotseha.

Ha palo ea HEC e ekelitsoeng ho seretse e ntse e eketseha, matla a khatello, matla a ho tsitsa le ho hanyetsa ha kutu ea seretse ho fokotseha ka nako e khutšoanyane, 'me ts'ebetso e fetoha hanyenyane ka nako.HEC e boetse e ama kabo ea li-pores ka seretse.Ka mor'a ho eketsa HPC ho seretse, porosity ea seretse e tlaase haholo, 'me metsi a hlokahalang a fokotseha, kahoo a fokotsa ts'ebetso ea ho sebetsa ea seretse.Ts'ebetsong ea 'nete, HPC e lokela ho sebelisoa hammoho le plasticizer ho ntlafatsa ts'ebetso ea seretse.

2.3 Tšebeliso ea methyl cellulose

Methylcellulose (MC) ke ether e seng ea ionic e le 'ngoe ea cellulose, e ka qhalakang ka potlako le ho ruruha metsing a chesang ka 80-90.°C, 'me e qhibilihe kapele ka mor'a hore u pholisoe.Tharollo ea metsi ea MC e ka etsa gel.Ha e futhumala, MC ha e qhibilihe ka metsing ho etsa gel, 'me ha e pholile, gel e qhibiliha.Ketsahalo ena e ka fetoha ka ho feletseng.Kamora ho kenyelletsa MC ho seretse, ho hlakile hore phello ea ho boloka metsi e ntlafalitsoe.Palo ea metsi ea MC e ipapisitse le viscosity ea eona, tekanyo ea ho kenya sebaka, bokhabane, le palo ea tlatsetso.Ho eketsa MC ho ka ntlafatsa thepa e khahlanong le ho sisinyeha ea seretse;ntlafatsa lubricity le ho ts'oana ha likaroloana tse qhalakaneng, etsa hore seretse se be bonolo le se ts'oanang, phello ea troweling le boreleli e nepahetse haholoanyane, 'me ts'ebetso ea ho sebetsa e ntlafatsoa.

Palo ea MC e ekelitsoeng e na le tšusumetso e kholo ho seretse.Ha litaba tsa MC li le kholo ho feta 2%, matla a seretse a fokotsehile ho halofo ea pele.Phello ea ho boloka metsi e eketseha ka ho eketseha ha viscosity ea MC, empa ha viscosity ea MC e fihla boleng bo itseng, solubility ea MC e fokotseha, ho boloka metsi ha ho fetohe haholo, 'me mosebetsi oa kaho oa fokotseha.

2.4 Tšebeliso ea hydroxyethylmethylcellulose le hydroxypropylmethylcellulose

Ether e le 'ngoe e na le mefokolo ea ho senyeha ho fokolang, ho kopanya le ho thatafala ka potlako ha chelete e eketsoang e nyenyane, le likheo tse ngata haholo ka seretse ha chelete e kenyelletsoeng e le khōlō,' me ho thatafala ha konkreite ho senyeha;ka hona, ho sebetsa, matla a hatellang, le matla a flexural Tshebetso ha e ntle.Li-ether tse tsoakiloeng li ka hlōla mefokolo ea li-ether tse le mong ho isa bohōleng bo itseng;chelete e kenyellelitsoeng e ka tlase ho ea ether e le 'ngoe.

Hydroxyethylmethylcellulose (HEMC) le hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC) ke nonionic e tsoakiloeng cellulose ether e nang le thepa ea e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea sebaka sa cellulose ether.

Ponahalo ea HEMC e na le phofo e tšoeu, e bosoeu kapa granule, e sa nkhang hamonate ebile ha e latsoehe, e na le hygroscopic, e ke keng ea qhibiliha metsing a chesang.Ho qhibiliha ha ho amehe ke pH bohlokoa (e tšoanang le MC), empa ka lebaka la ho eketsoa ha lihlopha tsa hydroxyethyl ka ketane ea molek'hule, HEMC e na le mamello e phahameng ea letsoai ho feta MC, e bonolo ho qhibiliha ka metsing, 'me e na le mocheso o phahameng oa condensation.HEMC e na le matla a ho boloka metsi ho feta MC;botsitso ba viscosity, ho hanyetsa hlobo, le dispersibility li matla ho feta HEC.

HPMC ke phofo e tšoeu kapa e bosoeu, ha e chefo, ha e na tatso ebile ha e na monko.Ts'ebetso ea HPMC e nang le litlhaloso tse fapaneng e fapane haholo.HPMC e qhibiliha ka metsing a batang hore e be motsoako oa colloidal o hlakileng kapa o fokolang hanyane, o qhibilihang ka har'a metsoako e meng ea tlhaho, hape o qhibiliha ka metsing.Li-solvents tse tsoakiloeng tsa metsoako ea tlhaho, joalo ka ethanol ka tekanyo e nepahetseng, metsing.Tharollo ea metsi e na le litšobotsi tsa ts'ebetso e phahameng ea holim'a metsi, pepeneneng e phahameng le ts'ebetso e tsitsitseng.Ho qhalana ha HPMC metsing le hona ha ho amehe ke pH.Sollubility e fapana ho ea ka viscosity, ho theosa le viscosity, ho ba le ho qhibiliha ho hoholo.Ka ho fokotseha ha lintho tsa methoxyl limolek'hule tsa HPMC, ntlha ea gel ea HPMC ea eketseha, ho qhibiliha ha metsi hoa fokotseha, 'me mosebetsi oa bokaholimo le oona oa fokotseha.Ntle le litšoaneleho tse tloaelehileng tsa li-cellulose ethers, HPMC e boetse e na le khanyetso e ntle ea letsoai, botsitso ba sebopeho, ho hanyetsa li-enzyme, le ho qhalana ho hoholo.

Mesebetsi ea mantlha ea HEMC le HPMC ka seretse se omeletseng se tsoakiloeng ke tse latelang.①Ho boloka metsi hantle.HEMC le HPMC li ka etsa bonnete ba hore seretse se ke ke sa baka mathata a kang lehlabathe, phofo le ho fokotsa matla a sehlahisoa ka lebaka la khaello ea metsi le samente e sa fellang.Ntlafatsa ho tšoana, ho sebetsa le ho thatafatsa lihlahisoa.Ha palo ea HPMC e ekelitsoeng e le kholo ho feta 0.08%, khatello ea lihlahisoa le viscosity ea polasetiki ea seretse le eona e eketseha ka keketseho ea palo ea HPMC.②Joalo ka ntho e kenyang moea.Ha litaba tsa HEMC le HPMC li le 0.5%, khase ea khase e kholo ka ho fetisisa, e ka bang 55%.Matla a flexural le matla a hatellang a seretse.③Ntlafatsa ts'ebetso.Ho eketsoa ha HEMC le HPMC ho thusa ho fana ka karete ea seretse sa moalo o mosesaane le ho betloa ha seretse se polasterang.

HEMC le HPMC li ka liehisa ho phalla ha likaroloana tsa seretse, DS ke eona ntho ea bohlokoa ka ho fetisisa e amang metsi, 'me phello ea methoxyl ka ho lieha ho phalla ho feta ea hydroxyethyl le hydroxypropyl content.

Hoa lokela ho hlokomeloa hore cellulose ether e na le phello e habeli mosebetsing oa seretse, 'me e ka phetha karolo e ntle haeba e sebelisoa hantle, empa e tla ba le phello e mpe haeba e sebelisoa ka mokhoa o sa lokelang.Ts'ebetso ea seretse se omileng se kopantsoeng pele se amana le ho ikamahanya le maemo a cellulose ether, 'me cellulose ether e sebetsang e boetse e amana le lintlha tse kang palo le taelo ea ho eketsa.Lits'ebetsong tse sebetsang, ho ka khethoa mofuta o le mong oa cellulose ether, kapa mefuta e fapaneng ea cellulose ether e ka sebelisoa hammoho.

3. Maikutlo

Tsoelo-pele e potlakileng ea seretse se omeletseng se fana ka menyetla le mathata bakeng sa nts'etsopele le ts'ebeliso ea cellulose ether.Bafuputsi le bahlahisi ba lokela ho nka monyetla oa ho ntlafatsa boemo ba bona ba tekheniki, le ho sebetsa ka thata ho eketsa mefuta le ho ntlafatsa botsitso ba lihlahisoa.Ha e ntse e finyella litlhoko tsa tšebeliso ea seretse se omileng, e fihletse ho tlōla indastering ea cellulose ether.