Cellulose ethers akasiyana-siyana emvura-anonyungudika ma polymers anobva ku cellulose, yakasikwa polymer inowanikwa muchirimwa sero madziro.Aya ether ane akasiyana zvimiro zvakaita sekukora, kudzikamisa, kugadzira firimu, uye kuchengetedza mvura, uye anoshandiswa zvakanyanya mumaindasitiri akasiyana akadai semishonga, chikafu, zvizorwa, uye kuvaka.Pakati pema cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) zvinhu zviviri zvakakosha zvinobva, imwe neimwe iine zvinhu zvakasiyana uye mashandisirwo.
1. Nhanganyaya kune cellulose ethers
A. Cellulose Structure uye Derivatives
Tsanangudzo ye cellulose:
Cellulose is linear polymer inoumbwa neglucose units akabatanidzwa ne β-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
Yakapfuma mumadziro emasero ezvirimwa uye inopa tsigiro yezvimiro uye kuomarara kumiti yekudyara.
Cellulose ether derivatives:
Cellulose ethers inotorwa kubva muselulosi kuburikidza nekugadzirisa kemikari.
Ethers inounzwa kuti iwedzere kunyungudika uye kushandura maitiro ekushanda.
2. Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)
A. Mamiriro uye synthesis
Kemikari chimiro:
HEC inowanikwa ne etherification ye cellulose ine ethylene oxide.
Mapoka eHydroxyethyl anotsiva mapoka ehydroxyl muchimiro che cellulose.
Dhigirii rekutsinhanisa (DS):
DS inoreva huwandu hweavhareji yemapoka ehydroxyethyl paanhydroglucose unit.
Inobata solubility, viscosity uye zvimwe zvinhu zveHEC.
B. Masikirwo
Solubility:
HEC inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora uye inopisa, ichipa shanduko yekushandisa.
Viscosity:
Seye rheology modifier, inokanganisa ukobvu uye kuyerera kwemhinduro.
Inosiyana neDS, concentration uye tembiricha.
Kugadzira firimu:
Inogadzira firimu rakajeka rine adhesion yakanaka.
C. Kushandisa
mushonga:
Inoshandiswa seyakakora mune yemvura dosage mafomu.
Kuvandudza viscosity uye kugadzikana kwemadonhwe eziso.
Paints uye Coatings:
Inosimudzira viscosity uye inopa yakanakisa thickening zvivakwa.
Kuvandudza kunamatira kwepende uye kugadzikana.
Zvigadzirwa zvekuchengeta wega:
Inowanikwa mune shampoos, makirimu uye lotions semukobvu uye kudzikamisa.
Inopa maitiro akatsetseka kune cosmetics.
3. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)
A. Mamiriro uye synthesis
Kemikari chimiro:
HPMC inogadzirwa nekutsiva mapoka ehydroxyl nemethoxy uye hydroxypropyl mapoka.
Etherification inoitika nekuita nepropylene oxide uye methyl chloride.
Methoxy uye hydroxypropyl kutsiva:
Iro methoxy boka rinobatsira mukunyungudika, nepo hydroxypropyl boka rinokanganisa viscosity.
B. Masikirwo
Thermal gelation:
Inoratidza reversible thermal gelation, ichigadzira gels pakupisa kwakanyanya.
Inogona kushandiswa kudzora kuburitswa kwemishonga kugadzirira.
Kuchengeta mvura:
Yakanakisa kuchengetedza mvura, ichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune zvikumbiro zvekuvaka.
Chiitiko chepamusoro:
Inoratidza surfactant-sezvivakwa kubatsira kudzikamisa emulsions.
C. Kushandisa
Indasitiri yekuvaka:
Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinochengetedza mvura mudhaka resimende.
Inovandudza kushanda uye kunamatira kwematile adhesives.
mushonga:
Inowanzoshandiswa mumuromo uye topical mishonga yekugadzirira.
Inofambisa inodzorwa kuburitswa kwezvinodhaka nekuda kwekugona kwayo kugadzira gel.
indasitiri yezvekudya:
Inoshanda seyakakora uye inodzikamisa muzvokudya.
Inopa yakagadziridzwa mameseji uye muromo kunzwa mune mamwe maapplication.
4. Kuenzanisa kuongorora
A. Misiyano mukuumbwa
HEC uye HPMC synthesis:
HEC inogadzirwa nekuita cellulose ine ethylene oxide.
HPMC synthesis inosanganisira kaviri kutsiva methoxy uye hydroxypropyl mapoka.
B. Kusiyana kwemaitiro
Solubility uye viscosity:
HEC inonyungudika mumvura inotonhora uye inopisa, nepo solubility yeHPMC inobatwa nemethoxy group content.
HEC kazhinji inoratidza yakaderera viscosity kana ichienzaniswa neHPMC.
Gel maitiro:
Kusiyana neHPMC, iyo inoumba gels inodzoreredzwa, HEC haipindi kupisa gelation.
C. Misiyano mukushandiswa
Kuchengeta mvura:
HPMC inofarirwa maapplication ekuvaka nekuda kweakanakisa ekuchengetedza mvura zvivakwa.
Kukwanisa kugadzira firimu:
HEC inoumba mafirimu akajeka ane adhesion yakanaka, zvichiita kuti ive yakakodzera kune mamwe maitiro apo kuumbwa kwefirimu kunokosha.
5 Mhedziso
Muchidimbu, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) uye hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) yakakosha cellulose ethers ine yakasarudzika zvivakwa uye maapplication.Mamiriro avo emakemikari akasiyana, nzira dzekubatanidza, uye mashandiro ezvivakwa zvinoita kuti zvive zvakasiyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana.Kunzwisisa mutsauko uripo pakati peHEC neHPMC kunogona kukubatsira kuita sarudzo ine ruzivo paunenge uchisarudza yakakodzera cellulose ether kune chaiyo application, ingave mumishonga, kuvaka, pendi kana zvigadzirwa zvekuchengeta munhu.Sezvo tekinoroji ichifambira mberi nesainzi, kumwe kutsvagisa kunogona kuratidza mamwe mashandisirwo negadziridzo, zvichibva zvawedzera kushandiswa kwema cellulose ethers munzvimbo dzakasiyana.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-11-2023