Cellulose ethers bụ ihe dị iche iche nke mmiri-soluble polymers ewepụtara na cellulose, eke polymer dị na osisi mgbidi cell.Ethers ndị a nwere ihe pụrụ iche dị ka ịgba, nkwụsi ike, imepụta ihe nkiri, na njigide mmiri, a na-ejikwa ya n'ọtụtụ ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche dị ka ọgwụ, nri, ihe ịchọ mma na ihe owuwu.N'etiti cellulose ethers, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) bụ ụzọ abụọ dị mkpa, nke ọ bụla nwere ihe dị iche iche na ngwa.
1. Okwu mmalite nke cellulose ethers
A. Ọdịdị Cellulose na mmepụta
Nkọwa nke cellulose:
Cellulose bụ polymer linear nke mejupụtara nkeji glucose jikọtara ya na njikọ β-1,4-glycosidic.
Ọ bara ụba na mgbidi cell osisi ma na-enye nkwado nhazi na nkwụsi ike na anụ ahụ.
Cellulose ether mmepụta:
A na-enweta ethers cellulose site na cellulose site na mgbanwe kemịkalụ.
A na-ewebata ethers iji mụbaa solubility ma gbanwee ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ.
2. Hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC)
A. Ọdịdị na njikọ
Ọdịdị kemịkal:
A na-enweta HEC site na etherification nke cellulose na ethylene oxide.
Otu hydroxyethyl na-edochi otu hydroxyl na nhazi cellulose.
Ọkwa nnọchi (DS):
DS na-ezo aka na nkezi ọnụọgụ nke otu hydroxyethyl kwa otu anhydroglucose.
Ọ na-emetụta solubility, viscosity na ihe ndị ọzọ nke HEC.
B. Ọdịdị
Solubility:
HEC bụ soluble na ma mmiri oyi na mmiri ọkụ, na-enye mgbanwe ngwa ngwa.
Viscosity:
Dị ka rheology modifier, ọ na-emetụta ọkpụrụkpụ na eruba nke ngwọta.
Ọ dị iche na DS, itinye uche na okpomọkụ.
Nhazi ihe nkiri:
Form a transperent film na magburu onwe adhesion.
C. Ngwa
ọgwụ:
A na-eji ya dị ka thickener na mmiri mmiri onunu ogwu ụdị.
Melite viscosity na nkwụsi ike nke ọdịda anya.
Agba na mkpuchi:
Na-eme ka viscosity dịkwuo mma ma na-enye ihe ọkụkụ dị mma.
Meziwanye nchikota agba na nkwụsi ike.
Ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye:
Achọtara ya na shampoos, ude na lotions dị ka ihe na-agbapụta agba na stabilizer.
Na-enye udidi dị nro na ịchọ mma.
3. Hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC)
A. Ọdịdị na njikọ
Ọdịdị kemịkal:
A na-emepụta HPMC site na iji methoxy na hydroxypropyl dochie otu hydroxyl.
Etherification na-apụta site na mmeghachi omume nke propylene oxide na methyl chloride.
Methoxy na hydroxypropyl nnọchi:
Otu methoxy na-enye aka na solubility, ebe otu hydroxypropyl na-emetụta viscosity.
B. Ọdịdị
Thermal gelation:
Na-egosiputa gelation thermal reversible, na-eme gels na oke okpomọkụ.
Enwere ike iji maka nkwadebe ọgwụ ntọhapụ a na-achịkwa.
Ndokwa mmiri:
Ike njide mmiri dị mma, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ngwa ihe owuwu.
Ọrụ elu:
Na-egosiputa ihe ndị dị ka surfactant iji nyere aka kwụsie ike emulsions.
C. Ngwa
Ụlọ ọrụ ihe owuwu:
Ejiri ya dị ka ihe na-ejigide mmiri na ngwa ngwa sitere na ciment.
Na-eme ka arụ ọrụ dị mma na nrapado nke nrapado tile.
ọgwụ:
A na-ejikarị ya eme ihe na nkwadebe ọgwụ ọnụ na n'elu.
Na-eme ka ntọhapụ ọgwụ na-achịkwa n'ihi ike imepụta gel ya.
ụlọ ọrụ nri:
Ọ na-arụ ọrụ dị ka onye na-agba ume na stabilizer na nri.
Na-enye udidi na mmetụ ọnụ n'ụfọdụ ngwa.
4. Ntụle nyocha
A. Ọdịiche dị na njikọ
HEC na HPMC njikọ:
A na-emepụta HEC site na imeghachi cellulose na ethylene oxide.
Ngwakọta HPMC gụnyere ngbanwe nke methoxy na otu hydroxypropyl okpukpu abụọ.
B. Arụmọrụ iche
Solubility na viscosity:
HEC bụ soluble na oyi na mmiri ọkụ, ebe solubility nke HPMC na-emetụta methoxy otu ọdịnaya.
HEC na-egosipụtakarị viscosity dị ala ma e jiri ya tụnyere HPMC.
Omume gel:
N'adịghị ka HPMC, nke na-emepụta gels reversible, HEC anaghị anabata gelation thermal.
C. Ọdịiche dị na ngwa
Ndokwa mmiri:
A na-ahọrọ HPMC maka ngwa ihe owuwu n'ihi ọmarịcha njide mmiri ya.
Ikike imepụta ihe nkiri:
HEC na-emepụta ihe nkiri doro anya na ezigbo adhesion, na-eme ka ọ dị mma maka ụfọdụ ngwa ebe mmepụta ihe nkiri dị oke mkpa.
5 Nkwubi okwu
Na nchịkọta, hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) na hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) bụ ihe dị mkpa cellulose ethers nwere ihe pụrụ iche na ngwa.Ọdịdị kemịkalụ ha pụrụ iche, ụzọ e si ejikọta, na ihe ndị e ji arụ ọrụ na-eme ka ha na-arụ ọrụ dịgasị iche iche.Ịghọta ọdịiche dị n'etiti HEC na HPMC nwere ike inyere gị aka ime mkpebi ziri ezi mgbe ị na-ahọrọ cellulose ether ziri ezi maka ngwa ngwa, ma na ọgwụ, ihe owuwu, agba ma ọ bụ ngwaahịa nlekọta onwe onye.Ka teknụzụ na-aga n'ihu na sayensị, nyocha ọzọ nwere ike ikpughe ngwa na mgbanwe ndị ọzọ, si otú ahụ na-abawanye uru nke ethers cellulose ndị a na mpaghara dị iche iche.
Oge nzipu: Dec-11-2023