Iyini ukusetshenziswa kwe-CMC kuketshezi lokumba?

Emkhakheni wemisebenzi yokumba, ukuphathwa ngempumelelo koketshezi lokumba kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe impumelelo nokuphepha kwenqubo.Uketshezi lokumba, okwaziwa nangokuthi udaka lokumba, lwenza izinjongo ezihlukahlukene kusukela ekupholiseni nasekugcobiseni i-drill bit ukuya ekuthwaleni okusikiwe kokubhoboza phezulu nokunikeza ukuzinza emgodini womthombo.Ingxenye ebalulekile evame ukutholakala oketshezini lokumba iCarboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC), isithasiselo esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi esidlala izindima ezimbalwa ezibalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwemisebenzi yokumba.

1. Isingeniso seCarboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC):

I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose, evame ukufushaniswa njenge-CMC, i-polymer encibilika emanzini etholakala ku-cellulose, isakhi esitholakala ngokwemvelo esitholakala ezitshalweni.Ikhiqizwa ukuguqulwa kwamakhemikhali e-cellulose ngokusebenzisa i-etherification, lapho amaqembu e-hydroxyl eshintshwa amaqembu e-carboxymethyl (-CH2-COOH).Lokhu kuguqulwa kunikeza izakhiwo eziyingqayizivele ku-CMC, kuyenza ibe nezinto ezihlukahlukene kakhulu futhi ifanele uhla olubanzi lwezinhlelo zokusebenza zezimboni, okuhlanganisa imithi, ukudla, izimonyo, noketshezi lokumba.

2. Izakhiwo ze-CMC Ezihambisana Nokubhoboza Uketshezi

Ngaphambi kokungena ekusetshenzisweni kwayo kuketshezi lokumba, kubalulekile ukuqonda izici ezibalulekile ze-CMC eziyenza ibe isithasiselo esibalulekile:

Ukunyibilika Kwamanzi: I-CMC ikhombisa ukuncibilika kwamanzi okuhle kakhulu, yakha izixazululo ezicacile nezizinzile lapho zixutshwa namanzi.Lesi sakhiwo sisiza ukufakwa kalula ekwakhiweni koketshezi lokumba, okuqinisekisa ukuhlakazeka okufanayo.

Ukulawula I-Rheological: I-CMC idlulisela izici ezibalulekile ze-rheological kuketshezi lokumba, okuthonya i-viscosity yabo, ukuziphatha kokugunda kwe-shear, nokulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi.Lezi zici zibalulekile ekugcineni ukuqina kwe-wellbore kanye nokusebenza kahle kokumba.

Ukulawula Ukuhlunga: I-CMC isebenza njenge-ejenti yokulawula ukuhlunga ephumelelayo, yenza ikhekhe lesihlungi elincanyana, elingangeneli odongeni lomthombo ukuze kuvinjelwe ukulahlekelwa uketshezi ekwakhekeni.Lokhu kusiza ukugcina ama-gradients okucindezelayo adingekayo futhi kuvimbele ukulimala kokwakheka.

Ukuzinza Kwezinga Lokushisa: I-CMC ikhombisa ukuzinza okuhle kwe-thermal phezu kwebanga elibanzi lamazinga okushisa ajwayele ukuhlangana nawo emisebenzini yokumba.Lesi sakhiwo siqinisekisa ukusebenza okungaguquguquki koketshezi lokumba ngisho nangaphansi kwezimo zokushisa eziphezulu okuhlangatshezwana nazo ekubholeni okujulile.

Ukubekezelela Usawoti: I-CMC ikhombisa ukubekezelela usawoti okuhle kakhulu, okuwenza ulungele ukusetshenziswa emanzini ahlanzekile namanzi okumba asekelwe emanzini anosawoti.Lokhu kuguquguquka kubalulekile ekusebenzeni kokumba ngezindlela ezihlukahlukene zokuma komhlaba.

Ukuvumelana Kwemvelo: I-CMC ibhekwa njengobungani bemvelo, ibola, futhi engeyona ubuthi, inciphisa umthelela wayo endaweni ezungezile futhi ihambisane nezindinganiso zokulawula zokumba imisebenzi.

3. Imisebenzi ye-CMC ku-Drilling Fluids:

Ukufakwa kwe-CMC ekwakhekeni koketshezi lokumba kusiza imisebenzi embalwa ebalulekile, okunomthelela ekusebenzeni okuphelele, ukusebenza kahle, nokuphepha kokumba imisebenzi:

Ukuguqulwa Kwe-Viscosity: I-CMC isiza ukulawula i-viscosity yoketshezi lokumba, ngaleyo ndlela ibe nomthelela ekusebenzeni kwawo kwe-hydraulic kanye nomthamo wokuthwala wokusikwa kokubhola.Ngokulungisa ukugxiliswa kwe-CMC, izakhiwo ze-rheological ezifana nengcindezi yesivuno, amandla ejeli, nokuziphatha kokugeleza koketshezi kungalungiselelwa izidingo ezithile zokumba.

Ukulawulwa Kokulahleka Kwe-Fluid: Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-CMC kuketshezi lokumba ukunciphisa ukulahleka koketshezi ekwakhekeni ngesikhathi sokumba.Ngokwenza ikhekhe lesihlungi elincanyana, eliqinile odongeni lomthombo, i-CMC isiza ukuvala izimbotshana zokwakheka, inciphise ukungena koketshezi futhi igcine ukuzinza kwe-wellbore.

Ukuhlanzwa Kwemigodi Nokumiswa: I-CMC ithuthukisa izici zokulengiswa zoketshezi lokumba, ivimbele ukuxazululeka kokusikwa kokubhoboza kanye nemfucumfucu phansi komthombo.Lokhu kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuhlanza imbobo, kusiza ukususwa kwezicucu emthonjeni futhi kuvimbele ukuvaleka kwentambo yokubhoboza.

Ukugcotshwa Nokupholisa: I-CMC isebenza njenge-ejenti yokugcoba kuketshezi lokumba, inciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwentambo yokubhoboza kanye nodonga lomthombo.Lokhu kunciphisa ukuguga nokudilika kwemishini yokumba, kuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokumba, futhi kusiza ukuqeda ukushisa okukhiqizwa ngesikhathi sokumba, ngaleyo ndlela kube nesandla ekulawuleni izinga lokushisa.

Ukuvikelwa Kokwakheka: Ngokunciphisa ukungena kwamanzi nokugcina uzinzo we-wellbore, i-CMC isiza ukuvikela ukwakheka emonakalweni futhi igcine ubuqotho bayo.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezimisweni ezizwelayo ezivame ukuwa noma ukuvuvukala lapho uthinta uketshezi lokumba.

Ukuhambisana Nezithasiselo: I-CMC ikhombisa ukuhambisana okuhle kakhulu nezinhlobonhlobo zezithasiselo eziwuketshezi zokumba, okuhlanganisa usawoti, ama-viscosifiers, nama-ejenti okulinganisa.Lokhu kuguquguquka kuvumela ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zoketshezi zokumba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezifanelana nezimo ezithile zemithombo kanye nezinjongo zokumba.

4. Izicelo ze-CMC ku-Drilling Fluid Systems:

Ukuguquguquka nokusebenza okuhlukahlukene kwe-CMC kuyenza ibe isithako esitholakala yonke indawo ezinhlotsheni ezahlukahlukene zamasistimu oketshezi okumba asetshenziswa ezindaweni ezihlukene zokumba:

Udaka Olusekelwe Emanzini (WBM): Oketshezini lokumba olusekelwe emanzini, i-CMC isebenza njengesilungisi se-rheological esiyinhloko, i-ejenti yokulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi, kanye nesithasiselo sokuvimbela i-shale.Isiza ukuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-wellbore, ithuthukisa ukuthuthwa kwe-cuttings, futhi yenza kube lula ukuhlanzwa kwemigodi okusebenzayo ezinhlobonhlobo zezimo zokumba.

Udaka Olusekelwe Ngamafutha (OBM): I-CMC ithola izinhlelo zokusebenza kuketshezi lokumba olusekelwe kuwoyela futhi, lapho lusebenza khona njengesilungisi se-rheology, i-ejenti yokulawula ukulahlekelwa uketshezi, kanye nesiqinisi se-emulsifier.Imvelo yayo yokuncibilika emanzini ivumela ukufakwa kalula ekwakhiweni kodaka okusekelwe kuwoyela, okuhlinzeka ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe nokuhambisana nemvelo.

Udaka Olusekelwe Ngokwenziwa (SBM): I-CMC iphinde isetshenziswe kuketshezi lokumba olusekelwe ekwenziweni, lapho isiza khona ukuthuthukisa izakhiwo ze-rheological, ukulawulwa kokulahlekelwa uketshezi, kanye nokuvinjelwa kwe-shale ngenkathi iqinisekisa ukuhambisana namafutha esisekelo sokwenziwa.Lokhu kwenza amasistimu e-SBM asebenziseke ngezindlela eziningi futhi asebenze kahle ezindaweni zokumba eziyinselele.

Izicelo Eziyisipesheli: Ngale kwezinhlelo ezijwayelekile zokugaya uketshezi, i-CMC iqashwe ezinhlotsheni ezikhethekile ezifana nokubhola okungenabhalansi, ukubhola okulawulwayo, kanye nokuqiniswa kwemithombo yamanzi.Izici zayo eziyingqayizivele ziyenza ifanelekele ukubhekana nezinselele ezithile ezihlobene nezimo eziyinkimbinkimbi zokumba, njengamafasitela amancane okucindezela kwezimbotshana kanye nokwakheka okungazinzile.

I-Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) idlala indima ebalulekile ekwakhiweni nasekusebenzeni koketshezi lokumba kuyo yonke inhlanganisela ebanzi yemisebenzi yokumba.Izakhiwo zayo eziyingqayizivele, ezihlanganisa ukunyibilika kwamanzi, ukulawulwa kwe-rheological, ukulawula ukuhlunga, ukuzinza kwezinga lokushisa, nokuhambisana kwemvelo, kuyenza ibe isengezo esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukuzinza kwe-wellbore, ukusebenza koketshezi, kanye nokusebenza kahle kokubhola.Kusukela odakeni olusekelwe emanzini kuya ezinhlelweni ezisekelwe kuwoyela nezisekelwe ku-synthetic, i-CMC ithola ukusetshenziswa okubanzi, okunomthelela empumelelweni nasekuphepheni kokumba imisebenzi ezinhlobonhlobo ze-geological formations nezimo zokusebenza.Njengoba ubuchwepheshe bokumba buqhubeka nokuvela futhi nezinselele zokumba ziba nzima kakhulu, ukubaluleka kwe-CMC ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza kahle koketshezi lokumba kanye nokunciphisa ubungozi bokusebenza kulindeleke ukuthi kuhlale kubalulekile.

Ngokuqonda imisebenzi nokusetshenziswa kwe-CMC kuketshezi lokumba, onjiniyela bokumba kanye nabaqhubi bangenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokwakhiwa koketshezi, ukukhetha okungeziwe, namasu okusebenza, ekugcineni okuholela ekwakhiweni kwemithombo ethuthukisiwe, izindleko ezincishisiwe, kanye nokuthuthukiswa kokuphathwa kwemvelo kuwoyela negesi. imboni.