Nhanganyaya: Cellulose ether (CelluloseEther) inogadzirwa ne cellulose kuburikidza ne etherification reaction yeimwe kana akati wandei etherification agents uye yakaoma kugaya.Zvinoenderana neakasiyana maumbirwo emakemikari eether substituents, cellulose ethers inogona kukamurwa kuita anionic, cationic uye nonionic ethers.Ionic cellulose ethers inonyanya kusanganisira carboxymethyl cellulose ether (CMC);asiri-ionic cellulose ethers anonyanya kusanganisira methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ether.Chlorine ether (HC) uye zvichingodaro.Non-ionic ethers yakakamurwa kuva ether-soluble ethers uye ether-soluble ethers, uye kwete-ionic mvura-soluble ethers inonyanya kushandiswa muzvigadzirwa zvematope.Muhupo hwe calcium ions, ionic cellulose ether haina kugadzikana, saka haisati yashandiswa mumiti yakaoma-yakavhenganiswa inoshandisa simenti, slaked lime, nezvimwewo semasimende zvinhu.Nonionic mvura-soluble cellulose ethers inoshandiswa zvakanyanya muindasitiri yezvivakwa zvekuvaka nekuda kwekumira kwavo kugadzikana uye kuchengetedza mvura.
Zvinoenderana neakasiyana etherification maajenti anoshandiswa mukuita etherification, zvigadzirwa zve cellulose ether zvinosanganisira methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, Ethyl cellulose, benzyl cellulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose. phenyl cellulose.
Cellulose ethers inoshandiswa mudhaka kazhinji inosanganisira methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC) uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEMC) Pakati pavo, HPMC neHEMC ndiyo inonyanya kushandiswa.
1. Chemical properties ye cellulose ethers
Imwe neimwe cellulose ether ine chimiro chekutanga che cellulose -anhydroglucose chimiro.Mukugadzira cellulose ether, iyo cellulose fiber inotanga kupiswa muine alkaline solution, yozobatwa ne etherifying agent.Iyo fibrous reaction product inocheneswa nekupushwa kuita hupfu hwakafanana nehumwe hunyoro.
Mukugadzirwa kweMC, chete methyl chloride inoshandiswa se etherification agent;kunze kwemethyl chloride, propylene oxide inoshandiswawo kuwana hydroxypropyl substituent mapoka mukugadzirwa kweHPMC.Akasiyana-siyana cellulose ether ane akasiyana methyl uye hydroxypropyl substitution ratios, izvo zvinokanganisa kugarisana kwe organic uye tembiricha yegelation ye cellulose ether mhinduro.
Huwandu hwemapoka anotsiva pane anhydroglucose structural unit ye cellulose inogona kuratidzwa nehukuru muzana kana avhareji yenhamba yemapoka anotsiva (kureva, dhigirii rekutsiva DS-Degree reKutsiva).Huwandu hwemapoka anotsiva hunotaridza zvimiro zvecellulose ether zvigadzirwa.Iko kurudziro yeavhareji dhigirii yekutsiva pane solubility yezvigadzirwa zve etherified ndeiyi inotevera:
(1) Zvigadzirwa zveEtherification zvine mwero wakaderera wekutsiva zvinonyungudika zviri nyore mulye;
(2) Zvigadzirwa zveEtherification zvine mwero wakakwira zvishoma wekutsiva zvinonyungudika mumvura;
(3) Zvigadzirwa zveEtherification zvine mwero wakakwirira wekutsiva zvinonyungudika zviri nyore mu polar organic solvents;
(4) Zvigadzirwa zveEtherification zvine mwero wepamusoro wekutsiva zvinonyungudika zviri nyore mune zvisiri-polar organic solvents.
2. Maitiro ekushandiswa kweCellulose Ether
Cellulose ether isiri-ionic semi-synthetic polymer, inonyungudika mumvura uye inonyungudika.Iine maitiro akasiyana mumaindasitiri akasiyana.Semuyenzaniso, mune makemikari ekuvaka zvinhu, ine zvinotevera composite mhedzisiro:
①Mushandi wekuchengetedza mvura
②Thickener
③Kukwirisa
④Kugadzira firimu
⑤ Binder
Mune polyvinyl chloride indasitiri, iri emulsifier uye dispersant;muindasitiri yemishonga, ibhinder uye inononoka uye inodzorwa kuburitsa framework material, etc. Nokuti cellulose ine zvakasiyana-siyana zvinokonzerwa nemagetsi, kushandiswa kwayo Munda wacho ndiwowo wakanyanyisa.Izvi zvinotevera zvinotarisa kushandiswa uye kushanda kwe cellulose ether mune zvakasiyana-siyana zvekuvaka.
(1) Mune latex pendi:
Muindasitiri yependi yelatex, kusarudza hydroxyethyl cellulose, iyo yakajairika yeakaenzana viscosity ndeye RT30000-50000cps, iyo inoenderana neiyo HBR250, uye iyo referensi dosage kazhinji inenge 1.5 ‰-2 ‰.Basa guru re hydroxyethyl mu latex pendi ndeyekukora, kudzivirira gelation ye pigment, kubatsira kupararira kwe pigment, kugadzikana kwe latex, uye kuwedzera viscosity yezvikamu, izvo zvinobatsira pakugadzirisa kushanda kwekuvaka: Hydroxyethyl cellulose iri nyore kushandisa.Inogona kunyungudutswa mumvura inotonhora nemvura inopisa, uye haina kukanganiswa neiyo pH kukosha.Inogona kushandiswa nerunyararo rwepfungwa apo PI inokosha iri pakati pe2 ne12. Nzira dzekushandisa ndedzinotevera: I. Yakananga Kuwedzera mukugadzirwa: Kune iyi nzira, hydroxyethyl cellulose inononoka rudzi inofanira kusarudzwa, uye hydroxyethyl cellulose ne. nguva yekuparara inopfuura maminitsi makumi matatu inoshandiswa.Matanho acho ndeaya anotevera: ① Iise mumudziyo une mudziyo wekugera wakakwira.Yakawanda yakachena mvura ②Tanga kubvongodza uchienderera nekumhanya kwakaderera, uye panguva imwe chete zvishoma nezvishoma wowedzera hydroxyethyl mumhinduro zvakaenzana ③Ramba uchibvongodza kusvika zvinhu zvese zvegranular zvanyorova ④Wedzera zvimwe zvinowedzera uye alkaline additives, etc. , wobva wawedzera zvimwe zvikamu muhuwandu, uye kukuya kusvikira chigadzirwa chapera.Ⅱ.Yakashongedzerwa nedoro raamai rekushandisa gare gare: Iyi nzira inogona kusarudza instant cellulose, ine anti-mildew effect.Kubatsira kweiyi nzira ndeyekuti ine yakanyanya kuchinjika uye inogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga kune latex pendi.Nzira yekugadzirira yakafanana nematanho ①-④.Ⅲ.Gadzirira porridge kuti ugozoshandisa gare gare: Sezvo organic solvents isiri solluble (insoluble) yehydroxyethyl, izvi zvinonyungudutsa zvinogona kushandiswa kugadzira porridge.Izvo zvinowanzo shandiswa organic zvinonyungudutsa zvinwiwa zvinwiwa mulatex pendi maumbirwo, senge ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, uye firimu-forming agents (senge diethylene glycol butyl acetate).Iyo porridge hydroxyethyl cellulose inogona kuwedzerwa zvakananga kupende.Ramba uchikurudzira kusvikira yapera zvachose.
(2) Mumadziro ekukwenya putty:
Parizvino, mumaguta mazhinji munyika yangu, inodzivirira mvura uye inodzivirira-inodzivirira nharaunda-inoshamwaridzika putty yakakosheswa nevanhu.Iyo inogadzirwa neacetal reaction yevinyl doro uye formaldehyde.Naizvozvo, chinhu ichi chinopedzwa zvishoma nezvishoma nevanhu, uye cellulose ether series zvigadzirwa zvinoshandiswa kutsiva ichi chinyorwa.Kureva kuti, pakuvandudzwa kwezvakatipoteredza zvekuvaka zvivakwa, cellulose parizvino ndiyo chete zvinhu.Mumvura inodzivirira putty, yakakamurwa kuva marudzi maviri: yakaoma poda putty uye putty paste.Pakati pemhando mbiri idzi dzeputty, yakagadziridzwa methyl cellulose uye hydroxypropyl methyl inofanira kusarudzwa.Iyo viscosity yakatarwa kazhinji iri pakati pe30000-60000cps.Basa guru re cellulose mu putty kuchengetedza mvura, kusungirirana uye lubrication.Sezvo mafomula emaputty evagadziri vakasiyana akasiyana, mamwe ari grey calcium, light calcium, white simenti, nezvimwewo, uye mamwe ari gypsum powder, grey calcium, light calcium, nezvimwewo, saka zvinotsanangurwa, viscosity uye kupinda kwe cellulose mu maitiro maviri akasiyana zvakare.Mari yakawedzerwa inenge 2 ‰-3 ‰.Mukuvaka kwemadziro ekukwenya putty, sezvo chigadziko chemadziro chine imwe dhigirii yekunyudza kwemvura (yero yekunyudza kwemvura yemadziro ezvidhina ndeye 13%, uye chiyero chemvura chekongiri chiri 3-5%), pamwe chete nekuputika kwekunze kwenyika, kana iyo putty inorasikirwa nemvura nokukurumidza , Ichaita kuti pave nekutsemuka kana kubviswa kwehupfu, izvo zvinoderedza simba reputty.Naizvozvo, kuwedzera cellulose ether kuchagadzirisa dambudziko iri.Asi mhando yekuzadza, kunyanya kunaka kweash calcium yakakoshawo zvakanyanya.Nekuda kweiyo yakakwira viscosity ye cellulose, iyo buoyancy ye putty inowedzerwa zvakare, uye iyo sagging chiitiko panguva yekuvaka inodzivirirwa zvakare, uye yakanyanya kugadzikana uye kuponesa basa mushure mekukwesha.Zviri nyore kuwedzera cellulose ether muupfu putty.Kugadzirwa kwayo uye kushandiswa zviri nyore.Iyo filler uye additives inogona kusanganiswa zvakaenzana muupfu hwakaoma.
(3) Dongo rekongiri:
Mune dhaka rekongiri, kuti uwane simba rekupedzisira, simenti inofanirwa kunge yakazara hydrated.Kunyanya mukuvaka kwezhizha, dhaka rekrete rinorasikirwa nemvura nokukurumidza, uye zviyero zve hydration yakakwana inoshandiswa kuchengetedza uye kusasa mvura.Kuraswa kwezviwanikwa uye kushanda kusingaite, kiyi ndeyekuti mvura iri pamusoro chete, uye iyo yemukati hydration ichiri isina kukwana, saka mhinduro yedambudziko iri ndeyekuwedzera masere ekuchengetedza mvura maajenti kune dhaka kongiri, kazhinji sarudza hydroxypropyl methyl. kana methyl Cellulose, iyo viscosity yakatarwa iri pakati pe20000-60000cps, uye mari yekuwedzera i2% -3%.Mwero wekuchengetedza mvura unogona kuwedzerwa kusvika kupfuura 85%.Nzira yekushandiswa mudhaka rekrete ndeyekusanganisa poda yakaoma zvakafanana uye kuidurura mumvura.
(4) Mukupura gypsum, yakasungwa gypsum, caulking gypsum:
Nekukurumidza kusimukira kweindasitiri yekuvaka, kudiwa kwevanhu kwezvinhu zvitsva zvekuvaka kuri kuwedzerawo zuva nezuva.Nekuda kwekuwedzera kwekuziva kwevanhu nezvekuchengetedzwa kwezvakatipoteredza uye nekuenderera mberi kwekuvandudzwa kwekuvaka, zvigadzirwa zve cementitious gypsum zvakakura nekukurumidza.Parizvino, zvigadzirwa zvegypsum zvakajairika kupurasita gypsum, bonded gypsum, inlaid gypsum, uye mataira anonamira.Plastering gypsum ndeyemhando yepamusoro yekupurasita zvinhu zvemukati madziro uye sirin'i.Rusvingo rwakanamwa nawo rwakanaka uye rwakatsetseka.Iyo nyowani yekuvaka light board inonamira chinhu chinonamira chakagadzirwa negypsum sehwaro zvinhu uye zvakasiyana-siyana zvinowedzera.Iyo yakakodzera kusungirirana pakati peakasiyana inorganic kuvaka madziro zvinhu.Haisi-chepfu, isina kunhuhwirira, simba rekutanga uye kumisa nekukurumidza, kusungirira kwakasimba uye humwe hunhu, chinhu chinotsigira mapuranga ekuvaka uye kuvaka block;gypsum caulking agent is gap filler pakati pegypsum board uye yekugadziridza filler yemadziro uye makatsemuka.Izvi zvigadzirwa zvegypsum zvine mutsara wemabasa akasiyana.Pamusoro pebasa regypsum uye mafirita ane hukama, nyaya yakakosha ndeyekuti iyo yakawedzera cellulose ether additives inoita basa rinotungamira.Sezvo gypsum yakakamurwa kuita anhydrous gypsum uye hemihydrate gypsum, gypsum yakasiyana ine mhedzisiro yakasiyana pakuita kwechigadzirwa, saka kukora, kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kudzoreredza kunotarisisa kunaka kwezvinhu zvekuvaka gypsum.Dambudziko rinowanzoitika rezvinhu izvi nderokuchera uye kuputika, uye simba rekutanga harigoni kusvika.Kugadzirisa dambudziko iri, ndiko kusarudza rudzi rwe cellulose uye nzira yekushandiswa kwekomboni ye retarder.Panyaya iyi, methyl kana hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 inowanzosarudzwa.-60000cps, iyo yekuwedzera mari ndeye 1.5% -2%.Pakati pavo, cellulose inotarisa pakuchengetedza mvura uye kudzoreredza lubrication.Zvisinei, hazvibviri kuvimba ne cellulose ether se retarder, uye zvakakosha kuwedzera citric acid retarder kusanganisa uye kushandisa pasina kukanganisa simba rekutanga.Kuchengetwa kwemvura kunowanzo reva kuti yakawanda sei mvura inorasika yega pasina kutorwa kwemvura kunze.Kana madziro akanyanya kuoma, kunyura kwemvura uye kubuda kwechisikigo pachigadziko kuchaita kuti zvinhu zvirasikirwe nemvura nekukasira, uye kuputika nekutsemuka kuchaitika zvakare.Iyi nzira yekushandiswa inosanganiswa nehupfu hwakaoma.Kana iwe ukagadzirira mhinduro, tapota tarisa kune nzira yekugadzirira yemhinduro.
(5) Thermal insulation mortar
Insulation mortar imhando nyowani yemukati madziro ekudzivirira zvinhu mudunhu rekuchamhembe.Icho chinhu chemadziro chakagadzirwa nekuisa insulation, dhaka uye binder.Mune ino chinyorwa, cellulose inoita basa rakakosha mukubatanidza uye kuwedzera simba.Kazhinji sarudza methyl cellulose ine viscosity yakakwirira (inenge 10000eps), iyo dosage inowanzo pakati pe2 ‰-3 ‰), uye nzira yekushandisa yakaoma poda kusanganisa.
(6) interface mumiririri
Sarudza HPNC 20000cps semushandisi wekushandisa, sarudza 60000cps kana kupfuura seanonamira mataira, uye shandisa iyo thickener seye interface mumiririri, iyo inogona kuvandudza kusimba kwesimba uye anti-museve simba.Inoshandiswa sechinhu chinochengeta mvura mukubatana kwematiles kudzivirira matiles kubva pakupedza mvura nekukasira nekudonha.
3. Indasitiri cheni mamiriro
(1) Indasitiri yepamusoro
Zvigadzirwa zvikuru zvinodiwa pakugadzirwa kweselulosi ether zvinosanganisira donje rakanatswa (kana kuti pulp yehuni) uye mamwe makemikari anonyungudutsa, akadai sepropylene oxide, methyl chloride, liquid caustic soda, caustic soda, ethylene oxide, toluene nezvimwe zvinhu zvinobatsira.Iwo ekumusoro indasitiri mabhizinesi eindastiri iyi anosanganisira yakanatswa donje, huni pulp kugadzira mabhizinesi uye mamwe mabhizinesi emakemikari.Kuchinja-chinja kwemitengo yezvinhu zvadudzwa pamusoro apa kuchave nemadhigirii akasiyana ekukanganisa pamutengo wekugadzira uye mutengo wekutengesa we cellulose ether.
Mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa yakanyanya.Kutora zvinhu zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether semuenzaniso, panguva yekubika, mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa yakaverengera 31.74%, 28.50%, 26.59% uye 26.90% yemutengo wekutengesa wekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether zvichiteerana.Kuchinja kwemutengo wekotoni yakanatswa kuchakanganisa mutengo wekugadzira cellulose ether.Iyo huru yakasvibirira yekugadzirwa kwekotoni yakanatswa ikotoni linters.Cotton linters ndeimwe yezvigadzirwa mukugadzira donje, inonyanya kushandiswa kugadzira donje pulp, rakanatswa donje, nitrocellulose uye zvimwe zvigadzirwa.Iko kukosha kwekushandisa uye kushandiswa kwekotoni linters nekotoni zvakasiyana chaizvo, uye mutengo wayo zviri pachena wakaderera pane wekotoni, asi ine kumwe kuwirirana nemutengo wekuchinja kwekotoni.Kuchinja-chinja kwemutengo wekotoni linters kunokanganisa mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa.
Iko kuchinjika kwakapinza kwemutengo wedonje rakanatswa kuchave nemadhigirii akasiyana ekukanganisa pakutonga kwemitengo yekugadzira, mitengo yezvigadzirwa uye pundutso yemabhizinesi muindastiri ino.Kana mutengo wekotoni yakanatswa wakakwira uye mutengo wehuni pulp wakaderera, kuitira kuderedza mutengo, matanda ehuni anogona kushandiswa sechinotsiva uye kuwedzera kwedonje rakanatswa, kunyanya kugadzirwa kwe cellulose ethers ine yakaderera viscosity senge. mishonga uye chikafu giredhi cellulose ethers.Zvinoenderana nedata kubva pawebhusaiti yeNational Bureau of Statistics, muna 2013, nzvimbo yekudyara donje munyika yangu yaive mahekita 4.35 miriyoni, uye donje renyika rakabuda raive 6,31 miriyoni matani.Zvinoenderana nenhamba dzakabva kuChina Cellulose Industry Association, muna 2014, kuburitsa kwedonje rakanatswa rakagadzirwa nevagadziri vedonje rakanatswa mudzimba raive matani 332,000, uye kupihwa kwemidziyo yakawanda.
Iyo mikuru yezvigadzirwa zvekugadzira graphite makemikari emidziyo isimbi uye graphite kabhoni.Mutengo wesimbi uye graphite kabhoni unotora chikamu chakakwirira chemutengo wekugadzira wezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari egraphite.Kuchinja kwemitengo yezvinhu izvi mbishi kuchave nekukanganisa pamutengo wekugadzira uye mutengo wekutengesa wezvigadzirwa zvemakemikari emagraphite.
(2) Kudzika indasitiri ye cellulose ether
Se "industrial monosodium glutamate", cellulose ether ine chikamu chakaderera che cellulose ether uye ine huwandu hwakawanda hwekushandisa.Maindasitiri epasi akapararira mune zvese zvehupenyu muhupfumi hwenyika.
Kazhinji, iyo indasitiri yekuvaka yepasi uye indasitiri yezvivakwa ichave nekukanganisa kwekukura kwekudiwa kwezvinhu zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether.Kana iyo indasitiri yekuvaka mudzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa iri kukura nekukurumidza, iyo musika wepamba inoda yekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether iri kukura nekukurumidza.Kana huwandu hwekukura kweindasitiri yekuvaka yedzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa yadzikira, kukura kwekukura kwekudiwa kwekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether mumusika wepamba inodzikira, izvo zvichawedzera kukwikwidza muindastiri iyi uye nekumhanyisa maitiro ekupona. akakodzera pakati pemabhizinesi mune iyi indasitiri.
Kubva 2012, mumamiriro ekuderera kweindasitiri yekuvaka yedzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa, kudiwa kwekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether mumusika wepamba hakuna kushanduka zvakanyanya.Zvikonzero zvikuru ndezvi: 1. Huwandu hwese hweindasitiri yekuvaka mudzimba uye indasitiri yezvivakwa yakakura, uye huwandu hwemusika hunodiwa hwakakura;Musika mukuru wevatengi wezvivakwa giredhi cellulose ether iri kuwedzera zvishoma nezvishoma kubva munzvimbo dzakasimukira hupfumi uye yekutanga-uye yechipiri-tier maguta kuenda kumatunhu epakati nekumadokero uye yechitatu-tier maguta, mudzimba kudiwa kukura kugona uye kuwedzera nzvimbo;2. Nhamba ye cellulose ether yakawedzera account kune chikamu chakaderera chemutengo wezvigadzirwa zvekuvaka.Mari inoshandiswa nemutengi mumwechete idiki, uye vatengi vakapararira, izvo zvinowanzoitika kune yakaoma kudiwa.Zvose zvinodiwa mumusika wepasi zvakagadzikana;3. Shanduko yemutengo wemusika chinhu chakakosha chinokanganisa kudiwa kwechimiro chekuchinja kwezvinhu zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether.Kubva 2012, mutengo wekutengesa wezvinhu zvekuvaka giredhi cellulose ether wakadzikira zvakanyanya, izvo zvakonzera kuderera kukuru kwemutengo wepakati-kusvika-yepamusoro-zvigadzirwa uye kukwezva vatengi vakawanda kutenga uye kusarudza, kuwedzera kudiwa kwepakati-kusvika. -zvigadzirwa zvepamusoro-soro, uye kusvina kudiwa kwemusika uye nzvimbo yemitengo yemhando dzakajairwa.
Dhigirii rekusimudzira indasitiri yemishonga uye kukura kweindasitiri yemishonga kuchakanganisa kudiwa kwemishonga giredhi cellulose ether.Kuvandudzwa kwemararamiro evanhu uye indasitiri yezvikafu yakagadziridzwa inobatsira kufambisa kudiwa kwemusika kwechikafu-giredhi cellulose ether.
Nguva yekutumira: Jan-31-2023