Ibisobanuro:Cellulose ether ninyongera nyamukuru mumyiteguro ivanze.Ubwoko nibiranga imiterere ya selile ya selile iratangizwa, kandi hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC) yatoranijwe nkinyongera kugirango yige kuri gahunda ingaruka ziterwa nibintu bitandukanye bya minisiteri..Ubushakashatsi bwerekanye ko: HPMC ishobora guteza imbere cyane gufata amazi ya minisiteri, kandi ikagira ingaruka zo kugabanya amazi.Muri icyo gihe, irashobora kandi kugabanya ubwinshi bwimvange ya minisiteri, ikongerera igihe cyagenwe cya minisiteri, kandi ikagabanya imbaraga zoguhindura no kwikomeretsa za minisiteri.
Amagambo y'ingenzi:minisiteri ivanze;hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether (HPMC);imikorere
0.Ijambo ry'ibanze
Mortar nimwe mubikoresho bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi.Hamwe niterambere ryubumenyi bwibintu no kunoza ibyo abantu bakeneye kugirango hubakwe ubuziranenge, minisiteri yagiye itera imbere mu bucuruzi kimwe no kuzamura no guteza imbere beto ivanze.Ugereranije na minisiteri yateguwe nubuhanga gakondo, minisiteri yakozwe mubucuruzi ifite ibyiza byinshi bigaragara: (a) ubuziranenge bwibicuruzwa;(b) umusaruro mwinshi;(c) umwanda muke w’ibidukikije kandi byoroshye kubaka inyubako.Kugeza ubu, Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing n'indi mijyi yo mu Bushinwa yazamuye minisiteri ivanze, kandi ibipimo nganda bijyanye n’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’igihugu byatanzwe cyangwa bizatangwa vuba.
Urebye ibihimbano, itandukaniro rinini hagati yiteguye kuvangwa na minisiteri gakondo na minisiteri gakondo ni kongeramo imiti ivanze, muri yo harimo selile ya selile niyo ikoreshwa cyane mu miti.Ether ya selile isanzwe ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bigumana amazi.Ikigamijwe ni ukunoza imikorere ya minisiteri ivanze.Ingano ya selile ether ni nto, ariko igira ingaruka zikomeye kumikorere ya minisiteri.Ninyongera yingenzi igira ingaruka kumyubakire ya minisiteri.Kubwibyo, kurushaho gusobanukirwa ningaruka zubwoko nibiranga imiterere ya selulose ether kumikorere ya sima ya sima bizafasha guhitamo no gukoresha selile ya selile neza no kwemeza imikorere ya minisiteri.
1. Ubwoko nibiranga imiterere ya selile ether
Ether ya selile ni ibikoresho bya polymer byamazi byamazi, bitunganyirizwa muri selile karemano binyuze mumashanyarazi ya alkali, grafting reaction (etherification), gukaraba, kumisha, gusya nibindi bikorwa.Ether ya selile igabanijwemo ionic na nonionic, kandi ionic selulose ifite umunyu wa carboxymethyl selulose.Nonionic selulose irimo hydroxyethyl selulose ether, hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether, methyl selulose ether nibindi nkibyo.Kuberako ionic selulose ether (umunyu wa carboxymethyl selulose) idahungabana imbere ya calcium ion, ntabwo ikoreshwa gake mubicuruzwa byifu byumye hamwe na sima, lime yamenetse nibindi bikoresho bya sima.Ether ya selile ikoreshwa mubutaka bwumye ni hydroxyethyl methyl selulose ether (HEMC) na hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether (HPMC), bingana na 90% byumugabane wisoko.
HPMC ikorwa na etherification reaction yo kuvura selile ya alkali hamwe na etherification agent methyl chloride na propylene oxyde.Muri reaction ya etherification, itsinda rya hydroxyl kuri molekile ya selile isimburwa na mikorerexy) na hydroxypropyl kugirango ikore HPMC.Umubare wamatsinda yasimbuwe nitsinda rya hydroxyl kuri molekile ya selile irashobora kugaragazwa nurwego rwa etherification (nanone bita urwego rwo gusimburwa).Ether ya HPMC Urwego rwo guhindura imiti ruri hagati ya 12 na 15. Kubwibyo, hariho amatsinda yingenzi nka hydroxyl (-OH), ether bond (-o-) nimpeta ya anhydroglucose muburyo bwa HPMC, kandi ayo matsinda afite runaka Ingaruka ku mikorere ya minisiteri.
2. Ingaruka ya selile ya ether kumiterere ya sima ya sima
2.1 Ibikoresho bito byo gukora ikizamini
Cellulose ether: yakozwe na Luzhou Hercules Tianpu Chemical Co., Ltd., ubukonje: 75000;
Isima: Ikimenyetso cya 32.5 icyiciro cya sima;umucanga: umucanga wo hagati;isazi ivu: icyiciro cya II.
2.2 Ibisubizo by'ibizamini
2.2.1 Ingaruka zo kugabanya amazi ya selile ether
Uhereye ku isano iri hagati yuburinganire bwa minisiteri nibiri muri selile ya ether munsi yikigereranyo kimwe cyo kuvanga, birashobora kugaragara ko ubudahangarwa bwa minisiteri bwiyongera buhoro buhoro hamwe no kwiyongera kwa selile ya ether.Iyo ikigereranyo ari 0.3 ‰, ubudahangarwa bwa minisiteri burenga 50% kurenza iyo utavanze, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko ether ya selile ishobora kuzamura imikorere ya minisiteri.Mugihe ubwinshi bwa selile ya selile yiyongera, gukoresha amazi birashobora kugabanuka buhoro buhoro.Birashobora gufatwa ko ether ya selile ifite ingaruka zimwe zo kugabanya amazi.
2.2.2 Kubika amazi
Kugumana amazi ya minisiteri bivuga ubushobozi bwa minisiteri yo kugumana amazi, kandi ni nigipimo cyerekana gupima ihame ryimiterere yimbere yimbere ya sima nshya mugihe cyo gutwara no guhagarara.Kubika amazi birashobora gupimwa n'ibipimo bibiri: urugero rwa stratifike hamwe nigipimo cyo gufata amazi, ariko kubera kongeramo imiti igumana amazi, kubika amazi ya minisiteri ivanze byateguwe byateye imbere ku buryo bugaragara, kandi urwego rw’ibice ntirwumva bihagije Kugaragaza Itandukaniro.Ikizamini cyo gufata amazi ni ukubara igipimo cyo gufata amazi mugupima ihinduka ryinshi ryimpapuro zungurura mbere na nyuma yimpapuro ziyungurura hamwe nubutaka bwerekanwe bwa minisiteri mugihe runaka.Bitewe no gufata neza amazi yimpapuro ziyungurura, kabone niyo amazi yagumana minisiteri ari menshi, impapuro ziyungurura zirashobora gukurura ubuhehere buri muri minisiteri, bityo.Igipimo cyo gufata amazi kirashobora kwerekana neza kugumana amazi ya minisiteri, uko igipimo cyo gufata amazi kiri hejuru, niko gufata amazi ari byiza.
Hariho uburyo bwinshi bwa tekiniki bwo kunoza amazi ya minisiteri, ariko kongeramo selile ether ninzira nziza.Imiterere ya selulose ether irimo hydroxyl na ether.Atome ya ogisijeni iri muri ayo matsinda ifatanya na molekile y'amazi kugira ngo ihuze hydrogene.Kora molekules zamazi yubusa mumazi aboshye, kugirango ugire uruhare runini mukubungabunga amazi.Uhereye ku isano iri hagati yikigero cyo gufata amazi ya minisiteri nibiri muri selile ya selile, urashobora kubona ko mubipimo byibizamini, igipimo cyo gufata amazi ya minisiteri nibiri muri selile ya selile byerekana umubano mwiza uhuye.Iyo ibintu byinshi biri muri selile ya selile, niko igipimo cyo gufata amazi ari kinini..
2.2.3 Ubucucike bwimvange ya minisiteri
Birashobora kugaragara uhereye kumategeko yo guhindura ubucucike bwimvange ya minisiteri hamwe nibiri muri selile ya ether ko ubucucike bwimvange ya minisiteri bugenda bugabanuka buhoro buhoro hamwe niyongera ryibintu bya selile ya selile, hamwe nubucucike bwuzuye bwa minisiteri iyo ibirimo ni 0.3 ‰ o Yagabanutseho hafi 17% (ugereranije no kutavanga).Hariho impamvu ebyiri zituma igabanuka ryubucucike bwa minisiteri: imwe ningaruka zo guhumeka umwuka wa selile ether.Ether ya selile irimo amatsinda ya alkyl, ashobora kugabanya ingufu zubuso bwumuti wamazi, kandi ikagira ingaruka zo guhumeka ikirere kuri sima ya sima, bigatuma umwuka wibintu bya minisiteri wiyongera, kandi ubukana bwa firime ya bubble nayo irarenze iyo y'amazi meza, kandi ntabwo byoroshye gusohora;kurundi ruhande, ether ya selile iraguka nyuma yo gufata amazi kandi ikagira umwanya munini, ibyo bikaba bihwanye no kongera imyenge yimbere ya minisiteri, bityo bigatuma minisiteri ivanga ibitonyanga bya Density.
Ingaruka zo guhumeka umwuka wa selulose ether zitezimbere imikorere ya minisiteri kuruhande rumwe, kurundi ruhande, kubera ubwiyongere bwimyuka ihumeka, imiterere yumubiri winangiye irarekurwa, bikavamo ingaruka mbi zo kugabanuka imiterere ya mashini nkimbaraga.
2.2.4 Igihe cyo gukwirakwira
Uhereye ku isano iri hagati yigihe cyagenwe cya minisiteri nubunini bwa ether, birashobora kugaragara neza ko selile ya selile igira ingaruka mbi kuri minisiteri.Ninini cyane, niko bigaragara ingaruka zo kudindiza.
Ingaruka zo kudindiza selile ya selile ifitanye isano ya hafi nimiterere yayo.Ether ya selile igumana imiterere shingiro ya selile, ni ukuvuga ko imiterere yimpeta ya anhydroglucose ikiriho muburyo bwa molekuline ya selile ya ether, kandi impeta ya anhydroglucose niyo nyirabayazana w'itsinda nyamukuru rya sima idindiza, ishobora gukora isukari-calcium ya molekile ibice (cyangwa ibigo) hamwe na calcium ion mugisubizo cyamazi ya sima ya hydrata, igabanya ubukana bwa calcium ion mugihe cyo kwinjiza sima kandi ikabuza Ca (OH): Kandi imyunyu ngugu ya calcium yumunyu ngugu, imvura, kandi bigatinda inzira yo kuvoma sima.
2.2.5 Imbaraga
Uhereye ku ngaruka za selile ya ether ku mbaraga zo guhindagurika no kwikomeretsa ya minisiteri, birashobora kugaragara ko hamwe no kwiyongera kwibintu bya selile ya ether, imbaraga ziminsi 7 niminsi 28 imbaraga za flexural na compressive za minisiteri zose zigaragaza inzira yo kumanuka.
Impamvu yo kugabanuka kwimbaraga za minisiteri irashobora guterwa no kwiyongera kwikirere, byongera ububobere bwa minisiteri ikomye kandi bigatuma imiterere yimbere yumubiri ukomye.Binyuze mu isesengura ryisubiramo ryubucucike bwamazi nimbaraga zo gukomeretsa za minisiteri, birashobora kugaragara ko hariho isano ryiza hagati yibi byombi, ubwinshi bwamazi ni buke, imbaraga ni nke, naho ubundi, imbaraga ni nyinshi.Huang Liangen yakoresheje ikigereranyo cyumubano hagati yububasha nimbaraga za mashini zikomoka kuri Ryskewith kugirango agabanye isano iri hagati yimbaraga zo gukomeretsa za minisiteri ivanze na selile ya selile hamwe nibiri muri selile.
3. Umwanzuro
(1) Cellulose ether ni inkomoko ya selile, irimo hydroxyl,
Imiyoboro ya Ether, impeta ya anhydroglucose nandi matsinda, aya matsinda agira ingaruka kumubiri na mehaniki ya minisiteri.
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(3) Mugihe utegura minisiteri ivanze, selulose ether igomba gukoreshwa muburyo bwiza.Gukemura isano ivuguruzanya hagati yimikorere ya minisiteri nubukanishi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Gashyantare-20-2023