I-ether yeCellulose elungisiweyo yodaka

Iindidi ze-cellulose ether kunye nemisebenzi yayo ephambili kumdaka oxubileyo kunye neendlela zokuvavanya iipropati ezifana nokugcinwa kwamanzi, i-viscosity kunye namandla obhondi zihlalutywa.Indlela yokubuyisela umva kunye ne-microstructure yei-cellulose ether kudaka olomileyo oluxutyiweyokunye nobudlelwane phakathi kokwenziwa kolwakhiwo oluthile oluthile olucekethekileyo lweselulosi i-etere udaka olulungisiweyo kunye nenkqubo yokufakwa kwamanzi iyacaciswa.Ngesi siseko, kucetyiswa ukuba kuyimfuneko ukukhawuleza isifundo kwimeko yokulahlekelwa ngokukhawuleza kwamanzi.I-Maleyike ye-hydration mechanism ye-cellulose etere eguqulelwe udaka kwisakhiwo somaleko obhityileyo kunye nomthetho wokusasazwa kwendawo yepolymer kumaleko wodaka.Kwisicelo esisebenzayo sexesha elizayo, umphumo we-cellulose ether udaka olulungisiweyo kwinguqu yeqondo lokushisa kunye nokuhambelana nezinye izixube kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo.Olu phononongo luya kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yokusetyenziswa kodaka olulungisiweyo lweCE olufana nodaka lwangaphandle lokutyabeka, iputty, udaka oludibeneyo kunye nolunye udaka olubhityileyo.

Amagama angundoqo:i-cellulose ether;Udaka oluxutyiweyo olomileyo;isixhobo

1. Intshayelelo

Udaka oluqhelekileyo olomileyo, udaka lwangaphandle lokugquma eludongeni, udaka oluzola ngokwalo, isanti engenamanzi kunye nolunye udaka olomileyo lube yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yezixhobo zokwakha ezisekelwe kwilizwe lethu, kwaye i-ether cellulose iphuma kwi-ether cellulose yendalo, kunye nesongezelelo esibalulekileyo seentlobo ezahlukeneyo. udaka olomileyo, ukubuyiswa, ukugcinwa kwamanzi, ukutyeba, ukufunxa umoya, ukuncamathela kunye neminye imisebenzi.

Indima ye-CE kumdaka ibonakaliswa ikakhulu ekuphuculeni ukusebenza kodaka kunye nokuqinisekisa ukuhanjiswa kwesamente kwidaka.Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kodaka kubonakaliswa ikakhulu ekugcinweni kwamanzi, ukuchasana nokuxhoma kunye nexesha lokuvula, ngakumbi ekuqinisekiseni udaka lodaka olucekethekileyo lwekhadi, udaka lokutyabeka lusasazeke kunye nokuphucula isantya sokwakhiwa kodaka olukhethekileyo lokudibanisa kuneenzuzo ezibalulekileyo zentlalo nezoqoqosho.

Nangona inani elikhulu lezifundo ngodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE lwenziwe kwaye impumelelo ebalulekileyo yenziwe kuphando lwetekhnoloji yesicelo sodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE, kusekho iintsilelo ezicacileyo kuphando lwendlela yodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE, ngakumbi intsebenziswano phakathi kwe-CE kunye I-samente, i-aggregate kunye ne-matrix phantsi kwendawo yokusetyenziswa okukhethekileyo.Ngoko ke, Ngokusekelwe kwisishwankathelo seziphumo zophando olufanelekileyo, eli phepha liphakamisa ukuba uphando olongezelelweyo malunga nobushushu kunye nokuhambelana nezinye ii-admixtures kufuneka zenziwe.

2,indima kunye nokuhlelwa kwe-cellulose ether

2.1 Ukuhlelwa kwe-cellulose ether

Iindidi ezininzi ze-cellulose ether, kukho phantse iwaka, ngokubanzi, ngokwentsebenzo ye-ionization inokwahlulwa ibe yi-ionic kunye ne-non-ionic uhlobo lwe-2 iindidi, kwizinto ezisekelwe kwi-samente ngenxa ye-ionic cellulose ether (njenge-carboxymethyl cellulose, i-CMC). ) iya kudlula ngeCa2+ kwaye ingazinzanga, ayifane isetyenziswe.I-ether ye-cellulose e-nonionic inokuhambelana (1) ne-viscosity yesisombululo esiqhelekileyo samanzi;(2) uhlobo lwababambeleyo;(3) iqondo lokutshintshwa;(4) isakhiwo somzimba;(5) Ukuhlelwa kwe-solubility, njl.

Iipropati ze-CE zixhomekeke ikakhulu kuhlobo, ubuninzi kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto ezithatha indawo, ngoko ke i-CE idla ngokuhlulwa ngokohlobo lwababambeleyo.Efana ne-methyl cellulose ether yiyunithi yeglucose yeseli yendalo kwi-hydroxyl ithatyathelwa indawo yimveliso ye-methoxy, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether i-HPMC yi-hydroxyl nge-methoxy, i-hydroxypropyl ngokulandelelanayo etshintshwe imveliso.Okwangoku, ngaphezu kwe-90% ye-cellulose ethers esetyenzisiweyo ikakhulu i-methyl hydroxypropyl cellulose ether (MHPC) kunye ne-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (MHEC).

2.2 Indima ye-cellulose ether kudaka

Indima ye-CE kudaka ibonakaliswa ikakhulu kule miba mithathu ilandelayo: isakhono esigqwesileyo sogcino lwamanzi, ifuthe lokungaguquguquki kunye ne-thixotropy yodaka kunye nokulungelelanisa irheology.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-CE akunakulungelelanisa kuphela ixesha lokuvula kunye nenkqubo yokumisela inkqubo yodaka, ukwenzela ukulungelelanisa ixesha lokusebenza kwenkqubo, kodwa kwakhona ukuthintela izinto ezisisiseko ekufunxeni amanzi amaninzi kwaye akhawuleza kakhulu kwaye athintele ukuphuphuma kwamanzi. amanzi, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukukhutshwa kancinci kwamanzi ngexesha lokugalelwa kwesamente.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-CE kuhambelana ikakhulu nobungakanani be-CE, i-viscosity, ubuhle kunye nobushushu be-ambient.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwisiphumo sodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE kuxhomekeke ekufunjweni kwamanzi kwisiseko, ukubunjwa kodaka, ubukhulu bomaleko, imfuno yamanzi, ixesha lokumisela izinto zesamente, njl njl. Uphononongo lubonisa ukuba ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela ezinye izibophelelo ithayile ceramic, ngenxa yomileyo substrate ezinemingxuma uya ngokukhawuleza ukufunxa isixa esikhulu samanzi ukusuka eludaka, umaleko isamente kufuphi substrate ilahleko yamanzi kukhokelela iqondo hydration yesamente ngaphantsi kwama-30%, leyo kuphela ayikwazi ukwenza isamente. ijeli enamandla okudibanisa phezu komhlaba we-substrate, kodwa kulula ukubangela ukuqhekeka kunye nokuphuma kwamanzi.

Imfuno yamanzi yenkqubo yodaka yiparameter ebalulekileyo.Iimfuno ezisisiseko zamanzi kunye nemveliso yodaka enxulumene nodaka ixhomekeke ekwenziweni kodaka, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani bezinto zesamente, iaggregate kunye ne-aggregate eyongeziweyo, kodwa ukufakwa kwe-CE kunokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo imfuno yamanzi kunye nesivuno sodaka.Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zezinto zokwakha, i-CE isetyenziswa njenge-thickener ukulungelelanisa ukuhambelana kwenkqubo.Isiphumo sokutyeba se-CE sixhomekeke kwiqondo le-polymerization ye-CE, ukugxininiswa kwesisombululo, izinga lokucheba, ubushushu kunye nezinye iimeko.Isisombululo samanzi se-CE esine-viscosity ephezulu sine-thixotropy ephezulu.Xa iqondo lokushisa linyuka, i-gel yesakhiwo yenziwa kwaye ukuhamba okuphezulu kwe-thixotropy kwenzeka, okukwayimpawu enkulu ye-CE.

Ukongezwa kwe-CE kunokulungelelanisa ngokufanelekileyo ipropati ye-rheological yenkqubo yezinto zokwakha, ukwenzela ukuba kuphuculwe ukusebenza komsebenzi, ukwenzela ukuba udaka lusebenze ngcono, lungcono ukusebenza oluchasene nokuxhoma, kwaye aluhambisani nezixhobo zokwakha.Ezi mpawu zenza ukuba udaka lube lula ukulinganisa kunye nokunyanga.

2.3 Uvandlakanyo lwentsebenzo ye-cellulose ether modified mortar

Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE lubandakanya ukugcinwa kwamanzi, i-viscosity, amandla ebhondi, njl.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi sisalathiso esibalulekileyo sokusebenza esihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokusebenza kwe-CE modified mortar.Okwangoku, zininzi iindlela zovavanyo ezifanelekileyo, kodwa uninzi lwazo zisebenzisa indlela yempompo yokucoca ukukhupha ngokuthe ngqo ukufuma.Umzekelo, amazwe angaphandle ikakhulu asebenzisa i-DIN 18555 (indlela yovavanyo lwe-inorganic cementation material mortar), kwaye amashishini okuvelisa ikhonkrithi aseFransi asebenzisa indlela yephepha lokucoca.Umgangatho wasekhaya obandakanya indlela yokuvavanya ugcino lwamanzi ine-JC/T 517-2004(iplasta yeplastikhi), umgaqo wayo osisiseko kunye nendlela yokubala kunye nemigangatho yangaphandle iyahambelana, konke ngokumiselwa kwesantya sokufunxa amanzi ngodaka uthe ukugcinwa kwamanzi eludaka.

I-Viscosity sesinye isalathiso esibalulekileyo sokusebenza esihambelana ngqo nokusebenza kodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE.Kukho iindlela ezine eziqhelekileyo zokuvavanya i-viscosity: i-Brookileld, i-Hakke, i-Hoppler kunye ne-rotary viscometer indlela.Iindlela ezine zisebenzisa izixhobo ezahlukeneyo, ukugxilwa kwesisombululo, indawo yokuvavanya, ngoko ke isisombululo esifanayo esivavanywa ngeendlela ezine azikho iziphumo ezifanayo.Kwangaxeshanye, i-viscosity ye-CE iyahluka ngokweqondo lobushushu kunye nokufuma, ngoko ke i-viscosity yodaka olufanayo lwe-CE oluguquguqukayo lutshintsha ngokuguquguqukayo, olukwalisikhokelo esibalulekileyo ekufuneka sifundwe kwi-CE eguqulwe ngodaka okwangoku.

Uvavanyo lwamandla ebhondi lumiselwa ngokwesalathiso sokusetyenziswa kodaka, olufana nodaka lweceramic bond ikakhulu lubhekiselele “kwithayile yodonga lweceramic encamathelayo” (JC/T 547-2005), Udaka olukhuselayo lubhekisa ikakhulu “kwiemfuno zobugcisa zodaka lwangaphandle lokugquma eludongeni” ( DB 31 / T 366-2006) kunye "nodonga lwangaphandle lokugquma ngodaka olwandisiweyo lwebhodi yepolystyrene" (JC / T 993-2006).Kumazwe angaphandle, amandla okuncamathelisa abonakaliswa ngamandla aguquguqukayo acetyiswa nguMbutho waseJapan weSayensi yezinto (uvavanyo lwamkela udaka oluqhelekileyo lweprismatic olusikwe kwiziqingatha ezibini ngobukhulu be-160mm×40mm×40mm kunye nodaka olulungisiweyo olwenziwe kwiisampuli emva kokunyanga. , ngokubhekiselele kwindlela yokuvavanya amandla e-flexural yodaka lwesamente).

3. Inkqubela yophando lwethiyori ye-cellulose ether modified mortar

Uphando lwethiyori yodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE lujolise ikakhulu kwintsebenziswano phakathi kwe-CE kunye nezinto ezahlukeneyo kwinkqubo yodaka.Isenzo sekhemikhali ngaphakathi kwezinto ezisekelwe kwi-cement eziguqulwe yi-CE zingabonakaliswa ngokusisiseko njenge-CE kunye namanzi, isenzo se-hydration ye-cement ngokwayo, i-CE kunye ne-cement particle interaction, i-CE kunye neemveliso ze-cement hydration.Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-CE kunye neengqungquthela ze-samente / iimveliso ze-hydration zibonakaliswa ngokukodwa kwi-adsorption phakathi kwe-CE kunye neengqungquthela ze-samente.

Ukusebenzisana phakathi kwe-CE kunye neengqungquthela zesamente kuye kwabikwa ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.Ngokomzekelo, uLiu Guanghua et al.ilinganisa amandla eZeta ye-CE elungisiweyo ye-cement slurry colloid xa kufundwa indlela yokusebenza ye-CE kwikhonkrithi engaphantsi kwamanzi engacacanga.Iziphumo zibonise ukuba: I-Zeta enokubakho (-12.6mV) ye-cement-doped slurry incinci kune-cement paste (-21.84mV), ebonisa ukuba iinqununu ze-samente kwi-cement-doped slurry zifakwe nge-polymer layer ye-non-ionic, eyenza umaleko ophindwe kabini wombane usasazeke ube bhityile kwaye amandla agxothayo phakathi kwecolloid abe buthathaka.

3.1 Ukubuyiswa kwethiyori ye-cellulose ether modified mortar

Kuphononongo lwethiyori yodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE, kukholelwa ngokubanzi ukuba i-CE ayiniki nje udaka ngokusebenza kakuhle, kodwa ikwanciphisa ukukhutshwa kobushushu besamente kwangoko kunye nokulibazisa inkqubo yesamente eguqukayo.

Isiphumo sokubuyiswa kwe-CE sinxulumene ikakhulu noxinzelelo kunye nesakhiwo semolekyuli kwinkqubo yezixhobo zesamente, kodwa inobudlelwane obuncinci kunye nobunzima bayo bemolekyuli.Inokubonwa kwimpembelelo yesakhiwo sekhemikhali ye-CE kwi-hydration kinetics yesamente ukuba iphezulu umxholo we-CE, incinci idigri ye-alkyl substitution, inkulu umxholo we-hydroxyl, unamandla isiphumo sokulibaziseka kwe-hydration.Ngokubhekiselele kwisakhiwo se-molecular, ukutshintshwa kwe-hydrophilic (umzekelo, i-HEC) kunempembelelo enamandla yokunciphisa i-hydrophobic substitution (umzekelo, i-MH, i-HEMC, i-HMPC).

Ukususela kumbono wokusebenzisana phakathi kwe-CE kunye neengqungquthela ze-samente, indlela yokubuyisela ibonakaliswe kwiinkalo ezimbini.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-adsorption ye-molecule ye-CE kwiimveliso ze-hydration ezifana ne-c - s -H kunye ne-Ca (OH) i-2 ikhusela ukuhanjiswa kwe-cement mineral;kwelinye icala, i-viscosity yesisombululo se-pore iyanda ngenxa ye-CE, enciphisa i-ion (Ca2 +, so42-...).Umsebenzi okwisisombululo sepore ubuyisela umva inkqubo yokufakwa kwamanzi.

I-CE ayilibazisi kuphela ukubeka, kodwa iphinda ilibazise inkqubo yokuqina kwenkqubo yodaka lwesamente.Kufunyenwe ukuba i-CE ichaphazela i-hydration kinetics ye-C3S kunye ne-C3A kwi-clinker ye-cement ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.I-CE iyancipha kakhulu ireyithi yokusabela kwisigaba sokukhawulezisa se-C3s, kwaye yandisa ixesha lokungeniswa kwe-C3A/CaSO4.Ukubuyiswa kwe-c3s hydration kuya kulibazisa inkqubo yokuqina komdaka, ngelixa ukongezwa kwexesha lokungeniswa kwenkqubo ye-C3A/CaSO4 kuya kulibazisa ukumiswa kodaka.

3.2 I-Microstructure ye-cellulose ether udaka olulungisiweyo

Indlela yempembelelo ye-CE kwi-microstructure yodaka olulungisiweyo itsale ingqalelo enkulu.Ibonakaliswa ikakhulu kule miba ilandelayo:

Okokuqala, uphando lujolise kwindlela yokwenza ifilimu kunye ne-morphology ye-CE kudaka.Kuba i-CE iqhele ukusetyenziswa kunye nezinye iipolymers, lugxininiso lophando olubalulekileyo ukwahlula imeko yayo kwezinye iipolymers kudaka.

Okwesibini, isiphumo se-CE kwi-microstructure yeemveliso ze-samente hydration ikwayindlela ebalulekileyo yophando.Njengoko kunokubonwa kwimeko yokwenza ifilimu ye-CE ukuya kwiimveliso ze-hydration, iimveliso ze-hydration zenza isakhiwo esiqhubekayo kwi-interface ye-cE edityaniswe kwiimveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-hydration.Ngo-2008, uK.Pen et al.isebenzise i-calorimetry isothermal, uhlalutyo lwe-thermal, i-FTIR, i-SEM kunye ne-BSE ukufunda inkqubo ye-lignification kunye nemveliso ye-hydration ye-1% ye-PVAA, i-MC kunye ne-HEC eguqulwe ngodaka.Iziphumo zibonise ukuba nangona i-polymer ilibazisekile idigri yokuqala ye-hydration ye-samente, ibonise isakhiwo esingcono se-hydration kwiintsuku ze-90.Ngokukodwa, i-MC ichaphazela i-crystal morphology ye-Ca (OH)2.Ubungqina obuchanekileyo bokuthi umsebenzi webhulorho wepolymer ufunyenwe kwiikristale ezicwangcisiweyo, i-MC idlala indima ekubopheni iikristale, ukunciphisa ukuqhekeka kwe-microscopic kunye nokuqinisa i-microstructure.

Ukuvela kwe-microstructure ye-CE kudaka kuye kwatsala umdla omkhulu.Umzekelo, uJenni wasebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuhlalutya ukufundisisa ukusebenzisana phakathi kwezixhobo ngaphakathi kodaka lwepolymer, ukudibanisa imifuniselo yobungakanani kunye nomgangatho wokwakha kwakhona yonke inkqubo yodaka oluxutywayo olutsha lube lukhuni, kubandakanya ukwenziwa kwefilimu yepolymer, ukufakwa kwesamente kunye nokufuduka kwamanzi.

Ukongeza, uhlalutyo oluncinci lwamanqaku ahlukeneyo exesha kwinkqubo yophuhliso lodaka, kwaye ayinakuba kwi-situ ukusuka kumxube wodaka ukuya kukuqina kwayo yonke inkqubo yohlalutyo oluncinci oluqhubekayo.Ngoko ke, kuyimfuneko ukudibanisa lonke uvavanyo lobungakanani ukuhlalutya ezinye izigaba ezikhethekileyo kunye nokulandelela inkqubo yokwakheka kwe-microstructure yezigaba eziphambili.E-China, uQian Baowei, uMa Baoguo et al.ichaze ngokuthe ngqo inkqubo ye-hydration ngokusebenzisa i-resistivity, ukushisa kwe-hydration kunye nezinye iindlela zokuvavanya.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa yezilingo ezimbalwa kunye nokusilela ukudibanisa ukumelana nobushushu be-hydration kunye ne-microstructure ngamaxesha ahlukeneyo, akukho nkqubo yophando ihambelanayo yenziwe.Ngokubanzi, ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukabikho zindlela ezithe ngqo zokuchaza ngokobungakanani nangomgangatho ubukho be-polymer microstructure eyahlukileyo kudaka.

3.3 Uphononongo nge-cellulose ether elungisiweyo yodaka olubhityileyo

Nangona abantu baye baqhuba izifundo ezingakumbi zobugcisa kunye nethiyori malunga nokusetyenziswa kwe-CE kudaka lwesamente.Kodwa kufuneka anikele ingqalelo kukuba CE udaka oluguquliweyo kwimihla ngemihla eyomileyo edityanisiweyo yodaka (ezifana nesibophelelo sezitena, iputty, umaleko obhityileyo wokutyabeka udaka, njl. njl.) zisetyenziswa ngendlela yodaka olubhityileyo, esi sakhiwo sahlukileyo sihlala sihamba kunye. ngengxaki yokulahleka kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza.

Umzekelo, i-ceramic tile bonding mortar ludaka oluqhelekileyo oluncinci (umaleko obhityileyo we-CE oguqulweyo wemodeli yodaka lwe-ceramic tile bonding agent), kwaye inkqubo yayo yokuhambisa amanzi iye yafundwa ekhaya nakwamanye amazwe.E-China, iCoptis rhizoma yasebenzisa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixa ze-CE ukuphucula ukusebenza kwethayile yodaka lwethayile yokubopha.Indlela ye-X-ray yayisetyenziselwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba idigri ye-hydration yesamente kwi-interface phakathi kodaka lwesamente kunye ne-ceramic tile emva kokuxuba i-CE yanda.Ngokujonga ujongano ngemicroscope, kwafunyaniswa ukuba amandla ebhulorho yesamente yethayile yeceramic aphuculwe ikakhulu ngokuxuba incama ye-CE endaweni yoxinaniso.Umzekelo, uJenni ubone ukutyeba kwepolymer kunye neCa(OH)2 kufutshane nomphezulu.UJenni ukholelwa ukuba ukuhlalisana kwesamente kunye ne-polymer kuqhuba intsebenziswano phakathi kokwenziwa kwefilimu ye-polymer kunye ne-cement hydration.Uphawu oluphambili lwezixhobo zesamente ezitshintshiweyo ze-CE xa kuthelekiswa neenkqubo zesamente eziqhelekileyo ngumlinganiselo ophezulu wesamente wamanzi (ngokuqhelekileyo okanye ngaphezulu kwe-0. 8), kodwa ngenxa yendawo ephakamileyo / umthamo, ziphinde ziqiniswe ngokukhawuleza, ukwenzela ukuba i-cement hydration idla ngokuphindaphindiweyo. ngaphantsi kwama-30%, kunokuba ngaphezulu kwama-90% njengoko kuqhelekile ukuba njalo.Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji ye-XRD ukufunda umthetho wophuhliso we-microstructure yomhlaba we-ceramic tile adhesive mortar kwinkqubo yokuqina, kwafunyaniswa ukuba amasuntswana amancinci e-samente "athunyelwa" kumphezulu wangaphandle wesampuli ngokomiswa kwepore. isisombululo.Ukuxhasa le ngqikelelo, iimvavanyo ezongezelelweyo zenziwa kusetyenziswa isamente erhabaxa okanye ikalika engcono endaweni yesamente eyayisetyenziswa ngaphambili, eyaye yaxhaswa ngakumbi yilahleko enkulu ye-XRD yokufunxwa kwesampulu nganye kunye ne-limestone / silika yesanti yesanti yobungakanani bobungakanani bokuhanjiswa kokugqibela kokuqina. umzimba.Uvavanyo lokusingqongileyo lwe-electron microscopy (SEM) lubonise ukuba i-CE kunye ne-PVA yafuduka ngexesha lemijikelezo emanzi neyomileyo, ngelixa i-emulsions yerabha ayizange.Ngokusekwe koku, wayila imodeli yehydration engangqinwanga yomaleko obhityileyo we-CE oguquliweyo udaka lwethayile yethayile yesibophelelo.

Uncwadi olufanelekileyo alukhange luchaze ukuba ulwakhiwo olunemaleko lwe-hydration yodaka lwepolymer lwenziwa njani kwisakhiwo somaleko obhityileyo, kwaye akukho nokwabiwa kwendawo yeepolymers ezahlukeneyo kumaleko wodaka kuye kwabonwa kwaye kwabalwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.Ngokucacileyo, indlela ye-hydration kunye ne-microstructure formation mechanism ye-CE-mortar system phantsi kwemeko yokulahleka kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza yahluke kakhulu kudaka oluqhelekileyo olukhoyo.Uphononongo lwesixhobo esikhethekileyo se-hydration kunye ne-microstructure yokwakheka kodaka olucekethekileyo lwe-CE oluguquliweyo luya kukhuthaza itekhnoloji yokusetyenziswa kodaka olucekethekileyo lwe-CE oluguquliweyo, olufana nodaka lwangaphandle lokutyabeka, iputty, udaka oludibeneyo njalo njalo.

4. Kukho iingxaki

4.1 Impembelelo yokutshintsha kobushushu kwi-cellulose ether modified mortar

Isisombululo se-CE seentlobo ezahlukeneyo siya kufakwa kwiqondo lokushisa elithile, inkqubo yejeli iguqulwa ngokupheleleyo.I-gelation ye-thermal eguqulwayo ye-CE ihluke kakhulu.Kwiimveliso ezininzi zesamente, ukusetyenziswa okuphambili kwe-viscosity ye-CE kunye nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhambelanayo kunye neempawu zokuthambisa, kunye ne-viscosity kunye nobushushu be-gel bunobudlelwane obuthe ngqo, phantsi kobushushu bejeli, ubushushu obuphantsi, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity ye-CE, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi okuhambelana nokusebenza.

Kwangaxeshanye, ukunyibilika kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-CE kumaqondo obushushu ahlukeneyo akufani ngokupheleleyo.Njengemethyl cellulose enyibilikayo emanzini abandayo, ayinyibiliki emanzini ashushu;I-Methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose iyanyibilika emanzini abandayo, hayi amanzi ashushu.Kodwa xa isisombululo se-aqueous se-methyl cellulose kunye ne-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose sishushu, i-methyl cellulose kunye ne-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ziya kuphuma ngokukhawuleza.I-Methyl cellulose ye-precipitated kwi-45 ~ 60 ℃, kunye ne-etherized etherized methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose iyancipha xa ubushushu bonyuka ukuya kuma-65 ~ 80 ℃ kwaye ubushushu behlile, buncibilika.I-Hydroxyethyl cellulose kunye ne-sodium hydroxyethyl cellulose zinyibilika emanzini nakweliphi na iqondo lobushushu.

Ekusetyenzisweni kwangempela kwe-CE, umbhali wafumanisa ukuba amandla okugcina amanzi e-CE ayancipha ngokukhawuleza kumaqondo obushushu aphantsi (5 ℃), edla ngokubonakaliswa ekunciphiseni ngokukhawuleza kokusebenza ngexesha lokwakha ebusika, kwaye ngaphezulu kwe-CE kufuneka yongezwe. .Isizathu salo mkhwa asikacaci okwangoku.Uhlalutyo lunokubangelwa utshintsho lwe-solubility yesinye i-CE kumanzi aphantsi obushushu, ekufuneka yenziwe ukuze kuqinisekiswe umgangatho wokwakha ebusika.

4.2 Ibhalumu kunye nokupheliswa kwe-cellulose ether

I-CE idla ngokwazisa inani elikhulu lamaqamza.Ngakolunye uhlangothi, iibhubhu ezincinci ezifanayo kunye nezinzile ziluncedo ekusebenzeni kodaka, njengokuphucula ukwakhiwa kodaka kunye nokuphucula ukuxhathisa kweqabaka kunye nokuqina kodaka.Endaweni yoko, amaqamza amakhulu athomalalisa ukuxhathisa kweqabaka kunye nokuqina.

Xa kuxutywa udaka namanzi, udaka luyashukuma, uze umoya ungeniswe kolu daka lusandul’ ukuxutywa, yaye umoya usongwe ngodaka olumanzi ukuze wenze amaqamza.Ngokuqhelekileyo, phantsi kwemeko ye-viscosity ephantsi yesisombululo, iibhubhu zakha ukuphakama ngenxa yokunyuka kunye nokukhawuleza ebusweni besisombululo.Amaqamza aphuma kumphezulu aye kumoya wangaphandle, kwaye ifilim elulwelo eshukunyiswe phezulu iya kuvelisa umahluko woxinzelelo ngenxa yesenzo somxhuzulane.Ubunzima befilimu buya kuba buncinci ngokuhamba kwexesha, kwaye ekugqibeleni iibhubhu ziya kuqhuma.Nangona kunjalo, ngenxa ye-viscosity ephezulu yodaka olusanda kuxutywa emva kokongeza i-CE, umyinge we-avareji ye-seapage yolwelo kwifilimu yolwelo iyancipha, ukuze ifilimu yolwelo ingabi lula ukuba ibe yincinci;Kwangaxeshanye, ukwanda kwe-viscosity yodaka kuya kuthoba isantya sokusasazwa kweemolekyuli ze-surfactant, eziluncedo kuzinzo lwe-foam.Oku kubangela ukuba inani elikhulu lamaqamza angeniswe eludaka ukuba ahlale eludaka.

Ukuxinana komphezulu kunye nokuxinana phakathi kobuso besisombululo esinamanzi esiphelela kwi-Al brand CE kwi-1% yoxinaniso lobunzima kwi-20℃.I-CE inefuthe lokungenisa umoya kudaka lwesamente.Impembelelo yokungenisa umoya ye-CE inefuthe elibi kumandla omatshini xa kuqalwa amaqamza amakhulu.

I-defoamer kwi-mortar inokuthintela ukubunjwa kwe-foam okubangelwa ukusetyenziswa kwe-CE, kwaye itshabalalise i-foam esele yenziwe.Isenzo sayo kukuba: i-agent ekhupha amagwebu ingena kwifilimu yolwelo, inciphisa i-viscosity yolwelo, yenza i-interface entsha kunye ne-viscosity ephantsi komhlaba, yenza ifilimu yolwelo ilahlekelwe yi-elasticity yayo, ikhawulezise inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwamanzi, kwaye ekugqibeleni yenza ifilimu yolwelo. ibhityile kwaye iyaqhekeka.I-powder defoamer inokunciphisa umxholo wegesi wodaka olutsha oluxutywe, kwaye kukho i-hydrocarbons, i-stearic acid kunye ne-ester yayo, i-trietyl phosphate, i-polyethylene glycol okanye i-polysiloxane i-adsorbed kwi-carrier ye-inorganic.Okwangoku, i-powder defoamer esetyenziswa kudaka olomileyo oluxutyiweyo ikakhulu ziipolyols kunye nepolysiloxane.

Nangona kuxelwa ukuba ukongeza ukulungelelanisa umxholo weqamza, ukusetyenziswa kwe-defoamer kunokunciphisa ukucutheka, kodwa iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-defoamer nazo zineengxaki zokuhambelana kunye nokutshintsha kobushushu xa kusetyenziswa ngokudibeneyo ne-CE, ezi ziimeko ezisisiseko ekufuneka zisonjululwe. ukusetyenziswa kwefashoni yodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE.

4.3 Ukuhambelana phakathi kwe-cellulose ether kunye nezinye izinto kumdaka

I-CE idla ngokusetyenziswa kunye nezinye izixube kudaka olomileyo oluxubeneyo, olufana ne-defoamer, i-arhente yokunciphisa amanzi, i-adhesive powder, njl. Ezi zixhobo zidlala iindima ezahlukeneyo kudaka ngokulandelelana.Ukuphonononga ukuhambelana kwe-CE kunye nezinye ii-admixtures sisiseko sokusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kwala macandelo.

Udaka oluxubeneyo olomileyo lusetyenziswa ikakhulu kwiiarhente zokunciphisa amanzi zezi: i-casin, i-lignin series arhente yokunciphisa amanzi, i-naphthalene series water rencing agent, i-melamine formaldehyde condensation, i-polycarboxylic acid.I-Casein yi-superplasticizer egqwesileyo, ngakumbi kwiidaka ezibhityileyo, kodwa ngenxa yokuba iyimveliso yendalo, umgangatho kunye nexabiso lihlala liguquguquka.I-Lignin yokunciphisa amanzi ibandakanya i-sodium lignosulfonate (i-sodium yokhuni), i-calcium yomthi, i-magnesium yokhuni.Naphthalene series water reducer edla ngokusetyenziswa Lou.I-Naphthalene sulfonate formaldehyde condensates, i-melamine formaldehyde condensates zi-superplasticizers ezilungileyo, kodwa umphumo kudaka oluncinci lulinganiselwe.I-Polycarboxylic acid yitekhnoloji esandula ukuphuhliswa enobuchule obuphezulu kwaye akukho nto iphuma kwi-formaldehyde.Ngenxa yokuba i-CE kunye ne-naphthalene series ye-superplasticizer eqhelekileyo iya kubangela ukudibanisa ukwenza umxube wekhonkrithi ulahlekelwe ukusebenza, ngoko ke kuyimfuneko ukukhetha uchungechunge lwe-non-naphthalene superplasticizer kubunjineli.Nangona kukho izifundo malunga nesiphumo sodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE kunye nemixube eyahlukeneyo, kusekho ukungaqondani okuninzi okusetyenziswayo ngenxa yeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokuxutywa kunye ne-CE kunye nezifundo ezimbalwa kwindlela yokunxibelelana, kunye nenani elikhulu lovavanyo olufunekayo yilungise.

5. Isiphelo

Indima ye-CE kumdaka ibonakala ngokugqwesileyo kogcino lwamanzi, impembelelo ehambelanayo kunye neempawu zethixotropic zodaka kunye nohlengahlengiso lweempawu zerheological.Ukongeza ekunikeni udaka ukusebenza kakuhle kokusebenza, i-CE inokunciphisa ukukhutshwa kobushushu besamente kwangoko kwaye ilibazise inkqubo yesamente eguquguqukayo.Iindlela zokuvavanya ukusebenza kodaka zahlukile ngokusekelwe kwizihlandlo ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.

Inani elikhulu lezifundo malunga ne-microstructure ye-CE kudaka olufana nefilimu yokwenza ifilimu kunye ne-morphology yokwenza ifilimu ziye zaqhutyelwa phesheya, kodwa ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, akukho ndlela zithe ngqo zokuchaza ngokobungakanani nangomgangatho ubukho be-polymer microstructure eyahlukileyo kudaka. .

Udaka oluguquliweyo lwe-CE lusetyenziswa ngendlela yodaka olucekethekileyo lodaka kwimihla ngemihla eyomileyo exutywayo (efana nebinder yezitena zobuso, iputty, umaleko obhityileyo, njl. njl.).Esi sakhiwo sikhethekileyo ngokuqhelekileyo sihamba kunye nengxaki yokulahleka kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza kodaka.Okwangoku, uphando oluphambili lujolise kwi-binder yezitena zobuso, kwaye kukho izifundo ezimbalwa kwezinye iintlobo zodaka oluncinci lwe-CE olulungisiweyo.

Ngoko ke, kwixa elizayo, kuyimfuneko ukuba kukhawuleziswe uphando kwi-maleko hydration mechanism of cellulose ether udaka oluguquguqukayo kwisakhiwo umaleko obhityileyo kunye nomthetho wokusasazwa ngokwesithuba wepolymer kumaleko lodaka phantsi kwemeko yokulahleka kwamanzi ngokukhawuleza.Kwisicelo esisebenzayo, impembelelo ye-cellulose ether eguqulelwe udaka ekutshintsheni ubushushu kunye nokuhambelana kwayo nezinye izinto ezixutywayo kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngokupheleleyo.Umsebenzi wophando onxulumeneyo uya kukhuthaza uphuhliso lwetekhnoloji yesicelo sodaka olulungisiweyo lwe-CE olufana nodaka lwangaphandle lokutyabeka, i-putty, udaka oludibeneyo kunye nolunye udaka oluncinci.