Yakagadzirirwa-yakasanganiswa dhaka yakakamurwa kuita dhaka rakanyorova-musanganiswa uye yakaoma-yakasanganiswa dhaka zvinoenderana nenzira yekugadzira.Musanganiswa wakanyorova wakasanganiswa nemvura unonzi wet-mixed mortar, uye musanganiswa wakaoma wakagadzirwa nezvinhu zvakaoma unonzi dry-mixed mortar.Pane zvinhu zvakawanda zvakasvibiswa zvinobatanidzwa mudhaka rakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa.Pamusoro pezvinhu zvesimende, zvakaunganidzwa, uye mamineral admixtures, musanganiswa unofanirwa kuwedzerwa kuti uvandudze mapurasitiki ayo, kuchengetedza mvura, uye kuenderana.Kune marudzi akawanda ezvisanganiswa zvedhaka rakagadzirwa, iro rinogona kugoverwa kuva cellulose ether, starch ether, redispersible latex powder, bentonite, nezvimwewo kubva kumakemikari;inogona kukamurwa kuita air-entraining agent, stabilizer, anti-cracking fiber, Retarder, accelerator, water reducer, dispersant, etc. Ichi chinyorwa chinoongorora kufambira mberi kwekutsvagisa kweakawanda anowanzo shandiswa admixtures mudhaka rakagadzirwa-musanganiswa.
1 Yakajairwa musanganiswa wedhaka rakagadzirwa rakagadzirwa
1.1 Air-entraining agent
Iyo air-entraining agent is an active agent, uye marudzi akajairika anosanganisira rosin resins, alkyl uye alkyl inonhuwira hydrocarbon sulfonic acids, etc. Kune hydrophilic mapoka uye hydrophobic mapoka mumhepo-entraining agent molecule.Kana iyo air-entraining agent inowedzerwa kune dhaka, iyo hydrophilic boka remhepo-entraining agent molecule inoshongedzwa nesamende zvimedu, nepo boka rehydrophobic rakabatana nediki mabhuru emhepo.Uye yakaenzana yakagovaniswa mudhaka, kuitira kuti inonoke iyo yekutanga hydration process ye simenti, kuvandudza kuchengetedza kwemvura kuita kwedhaka, kuderedza kurasikirwa kwekuenderana, uye panguva imwe chete, madiki emhepo mabhuru anogona kuita basa rekuzora. kuvandudza kupomba uye kupfapfaidza kwedhaka.
Mhedzisiro yemhepo-inopinza mumiriri pakuita kweyakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa mechanical kupfapfaidza dhaka, chidzidzo chakawana kuti: air-entraining agent yakaunza huwandu hukuru hwemhepo madiki mudhaka, iyo yakavandudza kushanda kwedhaka, yakaderedza kushorwa panguva yekupomba nekupfapfaidza, uye kuderedzwa kuvhara Phenomenon;Kuwedzerwa kwemhepo-entraining agent kunoderedza tensile bond simba rekuita kwedhaka, uye kurasikirwa kwesimba rekuita bond simba redhaka rinowedzera nekuwedzera kwezviri mukati;air-entraining agent inovandudza kuwirirana, 2h consistency kurasikirwa uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka Chiyero uye zvimwe zviratidzo zvekushanda zvinovandudza kupfapfaidza uye kupomba kushanda kwe mechanical spraying mortar, kune rumwe rutivi, kunokonzera kurasikirwa kwesimba rekumanikidza uye kusungirirwa. kusimba kwedhaka.
Kurudziro yezvitatu zvinowanika zvinotengeswa mhepo-inopinza maajenti padhaka rakagadzirwa-musanganiswa.Tsvagurudzo inoratidza kuti pasina kufunga nezve mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether, kuwedzera kwehuwandu hwemhepo-inopinza mumiriri inogona kunyatso kudzikisa kunyorova kwedhaka rakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa, uye zviri mukati medhaka Iyo mhepo vhoriyamu uye kusagadzikana kunowedzera zvakanyanya, nepo iyo chiyero chekuchengetedza mvura uye simba rekumanikidza rakaderedzwa;uye kuburikidza nekudzidza kwekushanda index shanduko yedhaka yakasanganiswa ne cellulose ether uye air-entraining agent, inowanikwa kuti kugadziriswa kwezviviri kunofanira kufungidzirwa mushure mokunge mweya-entraining agent uye cellulose ether zvakasanganiswa.Iyo cellulose ether inogona kuita kuti mamwe maajenti anopinza mhepo atadze, nekudaro ichideredza mwero wekuchengetedza mvura yedhaka.
Kusanganiswa kumwe chete kwemhepo-entraining agent, shrinkage inodzikisa mumiriri uye musanganiswa wezvose zvine zvimwe zvinopesvedzera pazvinhu zvedhaka.Wang Quanlei akawana kuti kuwedzerwa kwemhepo-inopinza mumiririri kunowedzera shrinkage rate yedhaka, uye kuwedzera kwe shrinkage inoderedza mumiririri kunoderedza zvakanyanya shrinkage rate yedhaka.Ose ari maviri anogona kunonoka kuputika kwemhete yedhaka.Kana izvo zviviri zvasanganiswa, shrinkage rate yedhaka haichinji zvakanyanya, uye kuramba kwekutsemuka kunowedzerwa.
1.2 Redispersible latex poda
Redispersible latex poda chikamu chakakosha chemazuva ano chakagadzirwa chakaoma poda dhaka.Iyo inonyungudika mumvura organic polymer inogadzirwa ne-high-molecular polymer emulsion kuburikidza nekushisa kwakanyanya uye kudzvanywa kwakanyanya, kupfapfaidza kuomesa, kurapwa kwepamusoro uye mamwe maitiro.Roger anotenda kuti emulsion inoumbwa neyakagadziridzwa latex poda mune simende dhaka inoumba polymer firimu chimiro mukati medhaka, iyo inogona kuvandudza kugona kwesamende dhaka kuramba kukuvara.
Mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa mashandisiro ezve redispersible latex poda mudhaka resimende inoratidza kuti redispersible latex poda inogona kuvandudza kusimba uye kuoma kwezvinhu, kunatsiridza kuyerera kwedhaka ichangobva kusanganiswa, uye kuve neimwe nzira yekudzikisa mvura.Chikwata chake chakaongorora mashandiro echirongwa chekurapa pane tensile bond simba redhaka, uye ndokusvika pamhedziso imwechete yekuti inorasika latex poda inoita kuti dhaka rive pachena kune yakasikwa nharaunda isingaite tembiricha uye hunyoro shanduko.Isu takaisa XCT kuti tidzidze maitiro emhando dzakasiyana dzehupfu yerabha mune yakagadziridzwa dhaka pane iyo pore chimiro, uye tichitenda kuti kana ichienzaniswa neyakajairwa dhaka, huwandu hwemakomba uye huwandu hwemakomba mudhaka rakagadziridzwa aive akakura.
Magiredhi akasiyana uye huwandu hweakagadziridzwa rubber powder akasarudzwa kuti aedze simba ravo pakuita kwedhaka risina mvura.Zvigumisiro zvekutsvakurudza zvakaratidza kuti apo huwandu hwehupfu hwehubha hwakashandurwa hwakanga huri muhuwandu hwe1.0% kusvika ku1.5%, kushanda kwezvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana zvehupfu hwerabha kwaive kwakanyatsonaka..Mushure mokunge iyo redispersible latex powder yakawedzerwa kune simenti, iyo yekutanga hydration rate ye simenti inononoka, iyo firimu yepolymer inoputira masimende, simenti yakazara hydrated, uye zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvinovandudzwa.Kuburikidza nekutsvakurudza, zvinoonekwa kuti kusanganisa redispersible latex poda mudhaka resimende kunogona kuderedza mvura, uye latex powder uye simenti zvinogona kuumba sangano retiweki kuti riwedzere kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka, kuderedza voids yedhaka, nekuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka.
Iyo yekugadziridza mhedzisiro ye redispersible latex poda pane zvivakwa zve-ultra-fine sand sement mortar.Mukutsvaga, iyo yakagadziriswa lime-jecha reshiyo ndeye 1:2.5, kuwirirana kuri (70±5) mm, uye huwandu hwehupfu hwerabha hunosarudzwa se 0-3% yehuremu hwejecha-jecha, shanduko mu microscopic zvimiro zvedhaka rakagadziridzwa pamazuva makumi maviri nemasere zvakaongororwa neSEM, uye mhedzisiro yakaratidza kuti iyo yakakwirira yemukati inodispersible latex powder, iyo inoenderera mberi iyo polymer firimu inoumbwa pamusoro pedhaka hydration chigadzirwa, uye zvirinani kuita kwe the dope.
Iyo dhizaini yekuita redispersible latex poda muEPS insulation dhaka, tsvagiridzo inoratidza kuti mushure mekusanganiswa nesamende dhaka, iyo polymer zvimedu uye simende zvichabatana, kugadzira akaturikidzana akaturikidzana, uye kugadzira network yakazara panguva ye hydration process. chimiro, nekudaro ichivandudza zvakanyanya iyo yekubatanidza tensile simba uye mashandiro ekuvaka eiyo thermal insulation mortar.
1.3 Hupfu hwakakora
Basa rehupfu hwehupfu nderekuvandudza kushanda kwakazara kwedhaka.Iyo isiri-air-entraining poda zvinhu zvakagadzirirwa kubva kwakasiyana-siyana inorganic zvinhu, organic polima, surfactants uye zvimwe zvakakosha zvinhu.Hupfu hwakakora hunosanganisira redispersible latex poda, bentonite, inorganic mineral poda, mvura-inochengeta thickener, nezvimwewo, ine imwe adsorption mhedzisiro pamamorekuru emvura emuviri, kwete chete inogona kuwedzera kuwirirana uye kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka, asi zvakare kuve nekuenderana kwakanaka masimende akasiyana-siyana.Iko kuenderana kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuita kwedhaka.Isu takadzidza mhedzisiro yeHJ-C2 yakakora poda pamidziyo yevhu yakaoma-yakavhenganiswa yakajairwa dhaka, uye mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti hupfu hwakakora hahuna zvahunoita pakuenderana uye 28d inomanikidza simba reyakaoma-yakasanganiswa yakajairika dhaka, uye ine yakanaka. Mhedzisiro padhigirii rekuisa dhaka rekuvandudza maitiro.Iko kusimba kwehupfu hwekukora uye zvikamu zvakasiyana-siyana pane emuviri uye mekiniki indexes uye kusimba kwedhaka nyowani pasi pemadosi akasiyana.Mhedzisiro yekutsvagisa inoratidza kuti kushanda kwedhaka nyowani kwakagadziridzwa zvakanyanya nekuda kwekuwedzerwa kwehupfu hwekukora.Kubatanidzwa kwe redispersible latex powder kunovandudza simba rekushanduka kwevhu uye kunoderedza simba rekumanikidza redhaka, uye kuiswa kwe cellulose ether uye inorganic mineral materials kunoderedza kusimba uye kushanduka kwesimba revhu;Kugara kweiyo yakaoma musanganiswa dhaka yakakanganiswa, iyo inowedzera shrinkage yedhaka.Mhedzisiro yekubatanidza bentonite uye cellulose ether pane zviratidzo zvekushanda kwedhaka rakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa, pasi pemamiriro ekuvimbisa kushanda kwakanaka kwevhu, inogumiswa kuti iyo yakakwana yebentonite inenge 10kg / m3, uye iyo yakakwana yakawanda ye cellulose ether. glue 0.05% yehuwandu hwesementitious zvinhu.Muchikamu ichi, hupfu hwakakora hwakasanganiswa nehuviri hunoita zviri nani pakushanda kwakazara kwedhaka.
1.4 Cellulose Ether
Cellulose ether yakatanga kubva kutsanangudzo yemadziro esero rezvirimwa nemurimi wekuFrance Anselme Payon muma1830s.Inogadzirwa nekuita cellulose kubva muhuni nekotoni ine caustic soda, uyezve kuwedzera etherification agent yemakemikari reaction.Nekuti cellulose ether ine yakanaka kuchengetedza mvura uye kukobvu mhedzisiro, kuwedzera shoma shoma cellulose ether kusimende kunogona kuvandudza mashandiro edhaka richangobva kusanganiswa.Muzvinhu zvine simende, mhando dzinowanzo shandiswa dze cellulose ether dzinosanganisira methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxyethyl cellulose ether (HEC), hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether (HEMC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether uye hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether yakawanda. inowanzoshandiswa.
Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) ine simba guru pakuyerera kwemvura, kuchengetwa kwemvura uye kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka rinozvimisa.Mhedzisiro inoratidza kuti cellulose ether inogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura yedhaka, kuderedza kuwirirana kwedhaka, uye kutamba yakanaka yekudzosa mhedzisiro;apo chiyero che hydroxypropyl methylcellulose ether chiri pakati pe 0.02% ne0.04%, simba revhu rinonyanya kuderedzwa.Xu Fenlian akakurukura nezve pesvedzero yehydrocarbon propyl methyl cellulose ether pakuita kwedhaka rakagadzirira-musanganiswa nekushandisa shanduko yezviri mukati mehydrocarbon propyl methyl cellulose ether.Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti cellulose ether inotamba mweya-entraining mhedzisiro uye inovandudza kushanda kwedhaka.Kuchengetwa kwayo kwemvura kunoderedza stratification yedhaka uye kunowedzera nguva yekushanda kwedhaka.Icho chinowedzera chekunze chinogona kuvandudza kushanda kwedhaka.Munguva yekutsvakurudza, zvakaonekwawo kuti zvinyorwa zve cellulose ether hazvifaniri kunge zvakanyanyisa, zvikasadaro zvinotungamirira kukuwedzera kukuru kwemhepo yevhu, zvichiita kuti kuderera kwehuwandu, kurasikirwa kwesimba uye kukanganisa pakunaka kwedhaka.Mhedzisiro ye cellulose ether pane zvinhu zveyakagadzirwa-yakasanganiswa dhaka.Zvidzidzo zvakaratidza kuti kuwedzera kwe cellulose ether kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kuchengetwa kwemvura kwedhaka, uye panguva imwechete kune zvakakosha kuderedza mvura pamatope.Iyo cellulose ether inogona zvakare kugadzira musanganiswa wedhaka Kuderera density, kurebesa nguva yekumisikidza, kuderedzwa kuchinjika uye kumanikidza simba.Cellulose ether uye starch ether marudzi maviri emusanganiswa anowanzoshandiswa mukuvaka dhaka.Mhedzisiro yezviviri zvakasanganiswa mumatope akaoma-akavhenganiswa pakuita kwedhaka.Zvigumisiro zvinoratidza kuti kusanganiswa kwezviviri kunogona kuvandudza zvakanyanya kusimba kwechisungo chedhaka.
Nyanzvi dzakawanda dzakadzidza kupesvedzera kwe cellulose ether pasimba resamende dhaka, asi nekuda kwekusiyana kwe cellulose ether, ma molecular parameters akasiyanawo, zvichikonzera mutsauko mukuru mukuita kweakagadziridzwa simende dhaka.Mhedzisiro yeviscosity uye dosage ye cellulose ether pane mechanical zvimiro zve simenti slurry.Mhedzisiro yacho inoratidza kuti simba resimende dhaka rakagadziridzwa ne cellulose ether ine high viscosity yakaderera, uye kusimba kwesimba resimende slurry kunoratidza kuwedzera kukuru muyero ye cellulose ether.Maitiro ekuderera uye pakupedzisira akadzikama, nepo simba rekushandura rakaratidza kuchinja kwekuwedzera, kuderera, kugadzikana uye kuwedzera zvishoma.
2 Epilogue
(1) Tsvagiridzo yezvekusanganiswa ichiri kungogumira pakutsvagisa kwekuyedza, uye pesvedzero pakuita kwesimende-yakavakirwa zvinhu inoshaya yakadzama theoretical system tsigiro.Pachine kushaikwa kwehuwandu hwekuongororwa kwemaitiro ekuwedzera kwezvisanganiswa pane mamolecular kuumbwa kwesimende-based zvinhu, shanduko yesimba rekubatanidza interface, uye iyo hydration process.
(2) Mhedzisiro yemusanganiswa inofanirwa kujekeswa muinjiniya application.Parizvino, kuongororwa kwakawanda kuchiri kungogumira kuongororo yerabhoritari.Mhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzemadziro substrates, pamusoro roughness, kubatwa mvura, etc. vane zvakasiyana zvinodiwa pazviratidzo zvemuviri wakagadzirira-musanganiswa dhaka.Mwaka wakasiyana, tembiricha, kumhanya kwemhepo, simba remichina inoshandiswa uye nzira dzekushandisa, nezvimwewo zvinokanganisa zvakananga dhaka rakasanganiswa.Mhedzisiro yekusanganisa dhaka.Kuti uwane kushandiswa kwakanaka muinjiniya, iyo yakagadzirira-yakasanganiswa dhaka inofanirwa kuve yakanyatso siyana uye yakasarudzika, uye yekugadzira mitsara yekumisikidza uye mutengo zvinodiwa zvebhizinesi zvinofanirwa kutariswa zvizere, uye kusimbiswa kwekugadzirwa kwerabhoritari formula kunofanirwa kutakurwa. kunze, kuitira kuti uwane dhigirii rakakura kwazvo rekugadzirisa.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-22-2022