Cellulose etherikozwe muri selile binyuze muri etherification reaction hamwe nifu yumye ya kimwe cyangwa byinshi bya etherifying.Ukurikije imiterere yimiti itandukanye ya ether, selile ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo anionic, cationic na non-ionic ether.Ionic selulose ether cyane cyane carboxymethyl selulose (CMC);Ether idafite ionic selulose ether cyane cyane methyl selulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether (HPMC) na hydroxyethyl selulose ether (HC).Ether idafite ionic igabanijwemo amazi ya elegitoronike na eferi-eferi-eferi, ether-ionic water-soluble ether ikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bya minisiteri.Imbere ya calcium ion, ionic selulose ether idahindagurika, kubwibyo ntibikunze gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa bivanze bya minisiteri yumye hamwe na sima, lime hydrated nibindi bikoresho bya sima.Ether ionic water-soluble selulose ether ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi kubera guhagarara kwayo no kubika amazi.
Imiterere yimiti ya selile ether
Buri kimweselile etherifite imiterere shingiro ya selile - imiterere ya glucose idafite umwuma.Muburyo bwo gukora ether ya selile, fibre ya selulose ishyuha mbere yumuti wa alkaline, hanyuma igakorerwa hamwe na etherifying agent.Ibicuruzwa bya fibrous bisukurwa nubutaka kugirango bibe ifu imwe hamwe nubwiza runaka.
Mubikorwa byo kubyara MC, methane chloride yonyine niyo ikoreshwa nka etherifying agent.Umusaruro wa HPMC usibye gukoresha metani chloride, ariko kandi ukoreshe okiside ya propylene kugirango ubone hydroxypropyl insimburangingo.Ether zitandukanye za selile zifite ibipimo bitandukanye byo gusimbuza methyl na hydroxypropyl, bigira ingaruka kumyuka ya selile ya selile hamwe nubushyuhe bwa gel.
Gusaba ibintu bya selile ya ether
Cellulose ether ni polimeri idafite ionic igice cya sintetike, gushonga amazi no gushonga kabiri, munganda zitandukanye zatewe ninshingano ziratandukanye, nko mubikoresho byubaka imiti, bifite ingaruka zikurikira:
Agent amazi agumana agent agent umubyimba ③ kuringaniza ④ firime ikora ⑤ binder
Mu nganda za PVC, ni emulifier, ikwirakwiza;Mu nganda zimiti, ni ubwoko bwo guhuza no gusohora buhoro buhoro ibikoresho bya skeleton, kubera ko selile ifite ingaruka zitandukanye, bityo rero niwo murima ukoreshwa cyane.Ibikurikira byibanze ku ikoreshwa rya selulose ether mubikoresho bitandukanye byubaka ninshingano.
(1) Gusiba urukuta:
Kugeza ubu, Ubushinwa buri mu turere twinshi two kurwanya amazi mu mujyi, kurwanya abantu benshi mu rwego rwo kurengera ibidukikije byafatanywe uburemere n’abantu, mu myaka mike ishize, kubera ko ibishishwa bikozwe mu kashe byerekana imyuka yangiza ubuzima bwa muntu, inyubako kole ikozwe muri alcool ya polyvinyl na reaction ya formaldehyde.Ibi bikoresho rero bigenda bikurwaho buhoro buhoro nabantu, kandi gusimbuza ibi bikoresho ni selulose ether yuruhererekane rwibicuruzwa, bivuze ko guteza imbere ibikoresho byubaka ibidukikije, selile ni ubwoko bwonyine bwibikoresho muri iki gihe.
Mu mazi adashobora kwihanganira amazi agabanijwemo ifu yumye na putty paste ubwoko bubiri, ubwoko bubiri bwa putty muri rusange hitamo methyl selulose yahinduwe na hydroxypropyl methyl ubwoko bubiri, ibisobanuro bya viscosity mubisanzwe muri 3000-60000cps hagati yabikwiye, muruhare runini rwa selile muri putty ni ukubika amazi, guhuza, gusiga hamwe nizindi ngaruka.Kuberako amata ya putty ya buriwukora atameze kimwe, amwe ni calcium yumukara, calcium yumucyo, sima yera, bimwe ni ifu ya gypsumu, calcium yumukara, calcium yumucyo, nibindi, bityo rero ibisobanuro byijimye hamwe nubucengezi bwa selile ya formula zombi. ntabwo arimwe, umubare rusange wongeyeho ni 2 ‰ -3 ‰ cyangwa.Urukuta rwo kurambirwa no kurambirwa no kubaka abana, urukuta rufite urukuta runaka (urukuta rw'amatafari rw'igipimo cya Bibiliya rwari 13%, beto ni 3-5%), hamwe no guhumeka kw'isi, bityo niba urambiwe umwana gutakaza amazi byihuse, byaviramo gucika cyangwa ibintu nkibimera, kugirango imbaraga za putty zigabanuke, kubwibyo, nyuma yo kwinjira muri selile ya ether izakemura iki kibazo.Ariko ubwiza bwo kuzuza ibikoresho, cyane cyane ubwiza bwa calcium yumukara nabwo ni ngombwa cyane.
Kubera ubukonje bwinshi bwa selile, binongera imbaraga zo gushira, kandi birinda ibintu bitemba bimanikwa mubwubatsi, kandi biroroshye kandi bizigama imirimo nyuma yo gusiba.Muri poro ya poro, ether ya selulose igomba kongerwamo uko bikwiye, umusaruro wayo no kuyikoresha biroroshye, kuzuza ibikoresho hamwe nifu yumye ifasha irashobora kuvangwa neza, kubaka nabyo biroroshye, gukwirakwiza amazi yikibanza, hamwe nangahe hamwe ninshi.
(2) Amabuye ya beto:
Muri minisiteri ya beto, rwose igere ku mbaraga zanyuma, igomba gutuma hydrata hydrata reaction rwose, cyane cyane mugihe cyizuba, mukubaka amazi ya beto yatakaje byihuse, ingamba zuzuye zuzuye mugukiza amazi, ubu buryo ni uguta umutungo wamazi kandi imikorere idahwitse, urufunguzo ruri hejuru yubuso, amazi na hydratiya biracyari byuzuye, kuburyo rero inzira zo gukemura iki kibazo, Ongeramo amazi agumana selile selile muri beto ya minisiteri muri rusange hitamo hydroxypropyl methyl cyangwa methyl selulose, ibisobanuro byijimye hagati ya 20000- 60000cps, ongeramo 2% - 3%.Hafi, igipimo cyo gufata amazi kirashobora kwiyongera kugera kuri 85%, muburyo bwa beto ya minisiteri yo gukoresha ifu yumye neza ivanze nyuma yamazi ashobora kuba.
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Iterambere ryihuse ry’inganda z’ubwubatsi, abantu bakeneye ibikoresho bishya by’ubwubatsi na byo biriyongera, bitewe n’uko abantu barushijeho gukangurira abantu kurengera ibidukikije ndetse no kurushaho kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi, ibicuruzwa bya gypsumu ya simaitima byateye imbere byihuse.Kugeza ubu ibicuruzwa bisanzwe bya gesso bifite stucco gesso, cake gesso, shiraho gesso, umukozi wa tile caking kugirango utegereze.Guhomesha plaster ni ubwoko bwiza bwurukuta rwimbere hamwe nibikoresho byo guhomeka hejuru yinzu, hamwe no guhanagura urukuta rworoshye kandi rworoshye, ntugabanye ifu nububiko bwibanze, nta guca ibintu, kandi bifite ibikorwa byo gukumira umuriro;Gypsum ifata ni ubwoko bushya bwo kubaka ikibaho cyumucyo gifata neza, gypsumu nkibikoresho fatizo, ukongeramo inyongeramusaruro zitandukanye kandi bikozwe mubikoresho bifatanye, birakwiriye muburyo bwubwoko bwose bwibikoresho byububiko byubatswe hagati yubusabane, hamwe nuburozi, butaryoshye. , gushiraho byihuse, guhuza ni ikibaho cyubaka, guhagarika ibikoresho bifasha kubaka;Gypsum seam yuzuza ibikoresho ni isahani ya gypsum hagati yikuzuza ibikoresho nu rukuta, gusana ibyuzuye.
Ibicuruzwa bya gypsumu bifite urutonde rwimirimo itandukanye, usibye gypsumu hamwe nuwuzuza bifitanye isano kugirango bigire uruhare, ikibazo cyingenzi ninyongera selile yongeyeho selile igira uruhare runini.Kuberako gesso igabanijwe ifite nta gesso yamazi hamwe na cent ya kimwe cya kabiri cyamazi ya gesso, gesso itandukanye niyindi mikorere yibicuruzwa, kwiyongera cyane, kurinda amazi, gutinda buhoro ubuziranenge bugena ibikoresho byubaka gesso.Ikibazo gikunze kugaragara muri ibyo bikoresho ni kuvunika ingoma, imbaraga zambere ntabwo ziri hejuru, kugirango iki kibazo gikemuke, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa selile na retarder compound ikoreshwa ryuburyo bukoreshwa, muriki gice, guhitamo rusange methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000–60000cps, wongeyeho amafaranga ni 1.5% - 2%.Hagati aho, intumbero ya selile ni ukubika amazi no gusiga buhoro buhoro.Nyamara, muri uku kwishingikiriza kuri selile ya selile nkuko retarder itari hejuru, igomba no kongeramo aside citric retarder nyuma yo kuyivanga ntibizagira ingaruka kumbaraga zambere.
Igipimo cyo gufata amazi muri rusange bivuga ubwinshi bwamazi yatakaye mugihe habuze amazi yo hanze.Niba urukuta rwumye, ubuso bwibanze bukurura amazi no guhumeka bisanzwe bituma ibintu bitakaza amazi byihuse, kandi hazabaho n'ingoma yubusa hamwe no guturika.Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha ni ukuvanga ifu yumye, niba gutegura igisubizo bishobora kwerekeza kuburyo bwo gutegura igisubizo.
(4) Amabuye y'agaciro
Ubushyuhe bwa termal nubwoko bushya bwurukuta rwimbere ibikoresho byo kubika ubushyuhe mu majyaruguru yUbushinwa.Nibikoresho byurukuta byashizwemo nubushyuhe bwumuriro, minisiteri na binder.Muri ibi bikoresho, selile igira uruhare runini muguhuza no kongera imbaraga.Mubisanzwe, methyl selulose ifite ubukonje bwinshi (hafi 10,000 CPS) iratoranijwe, kandi dosiye iri hagati ya 2 ‰ na 3 ‰.Uburyo bwo kuvanga ifu yumye irakoreshwa.
(5) umukozi wa interineti
Imigaragarire ya interineti ni HPMC20000cps, tile binder ni 60000cps cyangwa irenga, kandi agent ya interineti ikoreshwa cyane nkibyimbye, bishobora kuzamura imbaraga zingutu nimbaraga zimyambi.Muri tile ihuza amazi yo kubika amazi kugirango irinde tile gutakaza amazi vuba kugwa.
Imiterere y'inganda
(1) Inganda zo hejuru
Ibikoresho by'ibanze bikenerwa mu gukora ether ya selile harimo ipamba itunganijwe (cyangwa ibiti by'ibiti) hamwe na bimwe mu bimera bisanzwe bivangwa na chimique, nka oxyde ya propylene, chloromethane, alkali y'amazi, ibinini bya alkali, okiside ya Ethylene, toluene n'ibindi bikoresho bifasha.Inganda zizamuka muri uru ruganda zirimo ipamba inoze, inganda zikora ibiti ndetse ninganda zimwe na zimwe zimiti.Ihindagurika ryibiciro byibikoresho nyamukuru byavuzwe haruguru bizagira ingaruka zitandukanye kubiciro byumusaruro no kugurisha igiciro cya selile.
Igiciro cya pamba gitunganijwe ni kinini.Dufashe urugero rw'ibikoresho byo kubaka urwego rwa selulose ether nk'urugero, mugihe cyo gutanga raporo, igipimo cyibiciro byipamba yatunganijwe mubikoresho byubwubatsi icyiciro cya selile yagurishijwe cyari 31,74%, 28.50%, 26.59% na 26.90%.Guhindagurika kw'ibiciro by'ipamba inoze bizagira ingaruka ku musaruro wa selile ya ether.Ibikoresho nyamukuru byo gutanga ipamba inoze ni ipamba.Ipamba ni kimwe mubicuruzwa biva mu ipamba, ahanini bikoreshwa mu gutanga ipamba, ipamba inoze, nitrocellulost n'ibindi bicuruzwa.Agaciro ko gukoresha no gukoresha ipamba iratandukanye niy'ipamba, kandi biragaragara ko igiciro cyayo kiri munsi yicy'ipamba, ariko gifite aho gihuriye no guhindagurika kw'igiciro cy'ipamba.Guhindagurika kw'ibiciro by'ipamba bizagira ingaruka ku giciro cy'ipamba inoze.
Ihindagurika rikabije ry’ibiciro by’ipamba bitunganijwe bizagira ingaruka ku giciro cy’umusaruro, igiciro cy’ibicuruzwa n’inyungu z’inganda muri uru ruganda ku buryo butandukanye.Kubijyanye nigiciro cyiza cya pamba kandi nigiciro cyibiti birahendutse cyane, kugirango ugabanye ibiciro, ifu yinkwi irashobora gukoreshwa nkigisimburwa cy ipamba itunganijwe kandi ikongerwaho, cyane cyane ikoreshwa mugukora ibiryo byubuvuzi bwa selile selile ether nubundi bwenge buke. selile ether.Ku rubuga rwa interineti rw'ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare, mu 2013, Ubushinwa bwateye hegitari miliyoni 4.35 z'ipamba kandi butanga toni miliyoni 6.31 z'ipamba.Nk’uko imibare y’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda mu Bushinwa Cellulose ibigaragaza, mu 2014, umusaruro w’ipamba inoze y’inganda zikomeye zitunganya impamba zo mu gihugu zari toni 332.000, hamwe n’ibikoresho byinshi bitangwa.
Ibikoresho by'ibanze byo gukora ibikoresho bya shimi ya grafite ni ibyuma na karubone.Igiciro cyibyuma na karubone ya karubone bifite igice kinini cyumusaruro wibikoresho bya shimi ya grafite.Ihindagurika ryibiciro byibi bikoresho fatizo bizagira ingaruka runaka kubiciro byumusaruro no kugurisha igiciro cyibikoresho bya shimi bya grafite.
(2) selulose ether hepfo yinganda
Cellulose ether nka "inganda MONO sodium glutamate", selile ether yongeyeho umubare ni muke, uburyo butandukanye bwo gukoresha, inganda zo hasi zanyanyagiye mubyiciro byose mubukungu bwigihugu.
Mubihe bisanzwe, inganda zubaka zo hasi hamwe ninganda zitimukanwa bizagira ingaruka runaka mukuzamuka kwicyifuzo cyibikoresho byubwubatsi urwego rwa selile ether.Iyo inganda zubaka imbere mu gihugu hamwe n’iterambere ry’inganda zitimukanwa byihuta, isoko ryimbere ryibikoresho byubaka urwego selulose ether isaba umuvuduko witerambere.Iyo umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwinganda zubaka mu gihugu ninganda zitimukanwa zidindije, umuvuduko wubwiyongere bwibikenerwa mubikoresho byubaka selile selile ether kumasoko yimbere mu gihugu bizagenda gahoro, bigatuma amarushanwa muruganda arushaho gukomera, kandi byihutishe kubaho yuburyo bukwiye bwibikorwa byinganda.
Kuva mu mwaka wa 2012, mu rwego rwo kudindiza iterambere ry’inganda zubaka mu gihugu n’inganda zitimukanwa, icyifuzo cy’ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwa selireose ether ku isoko ry’imbere mu gihugu ntabwo cyahindutse ku buryo bugaragara.Impamvu nyamukuru nizi zikurikira: 1. Igipimo rusange cyinganda zubaka mu gihugu n’inganda zitimukanwa ni nini, kandi isoko rusange ni ryinshi;Isoko nyamukuru ryabaguzi ryibikoresho byubaka urwego rwa selulose ether kuva mu turere twateye imbere mu bukungu no mu mijyi yo mu cyiciro cya mbere n'icya kabiri, bigenda byiyongera buhoro buhoro kugera mu burengerazuba bwo hagati no mu mijyi yo mu cyiciro cya gatatu, ubushobozi bw’iterambere ry’imbere mu gihugu no kwagura umwanya;Babiri, umubare wa selulose ether wongeyeho kubiciro byibikoresho byubaka ni muke, umubare wumukiriya umwe ni muto, abakiriya baratatanye, byoroshye kubyara ibicuruzwa bikenewe, ibisabwa byose kumasoko yo hepfo birahagaze neza;Icya gatatu, ibikoresho byubwubatsi ihinduka ryibiciro ku isoko bigira ingaruka ku ihinduka ryimiterere ya selulose ether, ibintu byingenzi urwego rwa selulose ether kuva 2012, igabanuka ryibikoresho byubwubatsi ni binini, ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru mugabanuka ryibiciro ni binini, bikurura abakiriya benshi guhitamo kugura, byongereye icyifuzo cyibicuruzwa byo mu rwego rwo hejuru muri ,, no gukanda ibicuruzwa bisanzwe byisoko bikenewe hamwe nigiciro cyibiciro.
Iterambere ryinganda zimiti nigipimo cyubwiyongere bwinganda zimiti bizagira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yimiti ya selile selile.Gutezimbere imibereho yabantu ninganda zateye imbere mu biribwa bifasha gutwara isoko rya selile yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.
Iterambere ryiterambere rya selile ether
Bitewe nuko habaho isoko rya selile ether isaba itandukaniro ryimiterere, gushiraho imbaraga zinganda zitandukanye kugirango zibane.Urebye uburyo bugaragara bwo gutandukanya imiterere yibiranga isoko, abakora selile zo mu gihugu imbere bahujwe nimbaraga zabo kugirango bafate ingamba zinyuranye zo guhatana, kandi banasobanukirwe neza icyerekezo cyiterambere nicyerekezo cyisoko.
(1) kwemeza ireme ryibicuruzwa, bizakomeza kuba ingingo zingenzi zo guhatanira inganda za selile
Cellulose ether mu nganda ibyinshi mubikorwa byo hasi mubiciro byumusaruro ni bike, ariko ubwiza bwibicuruzwa ni bwinshi.Amatsinda y'abakiriya bo hagati na murwego rwohejuru mugukoresha ikirango cya selile ya ether moderi mbere, kugirango banyure mubigeragezo.Nyuma yo gukora formulaire ihamye, mubisanzwe ntabwo byoroshye gusimbuza ibindi bicuruzwa byibicuruzwa, ariko kandi bigashyira imbere ibisabwa hejuru kugirango ireme ryiza rya selile.Iyi phenomenon igaragara cyane mubikorwa byo mu gihugu no mumahanga binini byubaka ibikoresho, ibikoresho bya farumasi, inyongeramusaruro, PVC nindi mirima yo mu rwego rwo hejuru.Kugirango tunoze ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibicuruzwa, ababikora bagomba kwemeza ko itangwa ryibyiciro bitandukanye bya selile ether rishobora gukomeza ireme ryiza, kugirango hamenyekane isoko ryiza.
(2) Kunoza urwego rwa tekiniki rwo gukoresha ibicuruzwa nicyerekezo cyiterambere cyibikorwa bya selile yo murugo
Kubijyanye na tekinoroji ya selile yama selile igenda ikura, urwego rwohejuru rwikoranabuhanga rwo gukoresha rufasha ibigo kuzamura irushanwa ryuzuye, gushiraho umubano uhamye wabakiriya.Ibigo bizwi cyane bya selile ether mubihugu byateye imbere cyane cyane bifata ingamba zo guhatanira "guhangana nabakiriya benshi bo murwego rwohejuru + iterambere ryimikoreshereze yimikoreshereze n’imikoreshereze", guteza imbere imikoreshereze ya selile no gukoresha formulaire, no gushyiraho urutonde rwibicuruzwa ukurikije ibice bitandukanye. imirima yo gusaba kugirango yorohereze imikoreshereze yabakiriya, no guhinga isoko ryo hasi.Amarushanwa yinganda za selulose ether mubihugu byateye imbere yinjiye mubijyanye na tekinoroji yo gukoresha ibicuruzwa.
Incamake: Cellulose ether, izwi nka "inganda MONOsodium glutamate", ifite ibyiza byo gukoresha cyane, dosiye ntoya, ingaruka nziza zo guhindura, byangiza ibidukikije nibindi.Ikoreshwa cyane mubikoresho byubwubatsi, ubuvuzi, ibiryo, imyenda, imiti ya buri munsi, gukoresha peteroli, ubucukuzi bwamabuye y'agaciro, gukora impapuro, reaction ya polymerisation hamwe nindege nizindi nzego nyinshi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Jun-07-2022