Cellulose ether (CelluloseEther) ikozwe muri selile binyuze muri etherification reaction ya kimwe cyangwa byinshi bya etherification hamwe no gusya byumye.Ukurikije imiterere yimiti itandukanye ya ether, ether ya selile irashobora kugabanywamo anionic, cationic na nonionic ethers.Ionic selulose ethers ahanini irimo carboxymethyl selulose (CMC);ethers ya ionic selulose ether cyane cyane irimo methyl selulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl selulose ether (HPMC) na hydroxyethyl selulose Ether (HC), nibindi. -ionic amazi-eruble ethers ikoreshwa cyane mubicuruzwa bya minisiteri.Imbere ya calcium ion, ionic selulose ether ntigihungabana, kubwibyo ntibikunze gukoreshwa mubicuruzwa bivanze na minisiteri yumye ikoresha sima, lime yamenetse, nibindi nkibikoresho bya sima.Nonionic water-soluble selulose ethers ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa byubwubatsi kubera guhagarara kwayo no kubika amazi.
01. Imiterere yimiti ya selile ether
Buri selulose ether ifite imiterere yibanze ya selile - imiterere ya anhydroglucose.Muburyo bwo gukora ether ya selile, fibre ya selile yabanje gushyukwa mumuti wa alkaline, hanyuma ikavurwa na agent ya etherifying.Igicuruzwa cya fibrous reaction gisukurwa kandi kigasunikwa kugirango kibe ifu imwe hamwe nubwiza runaka.
Okiside ya propylene ikoreshwa mu kubona hydroxypropyl insimburangingo hiyongereyeho metani chloride mu musaruro wa HPMC.Ethers zitandukanye za selile zifite ibipimo bitandukanye byo gusimbuza methyl na hydroxypropyl, bigira ingaruka kumihindagurikire yubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe bwumuriro wa selulose ether ibisubizo.
Mubikorwa byo kubyara MC, methyl chloride yonyine niyo ikoreshwa nka etherification agent
02. Gusaba ibintu bya selile ya ether:
Cellulose ether ni ionic igice cya sintetike yo hejuru ya molekile ya polymer, ikabura amazi kandi igashonga.Ifite ingaruka zitandukanye mubikorwa bitandukanye.Kurugero, mubikoresho byubaka imiti, bifite ingaruka zikurikira:
AgentIbikoresho bigumana amazi hInkoko eKugaragaza umutungo ilFilm ikora umutungo inderBinder
Mu nganda za polyvinyl chloride, ni emulisiferi kandi ikwirakwiza;mu nganda zimiti, ni binder kandi itinda kandi igenzurwa nibikoresho byo kurekura, nibindi. Kubera ko selile ifite ingaruka zitandukanye zingirakamaro, kuyikoresha Umwanya nawo ni mwinshi cyane.Ibikurikira byibanze ku mikoreshereze n'imikorere ya selulose ether mubikoresho bitandukanye byubaka.
(1) Mu gusiba urukuta:
Kugeza ubu, mu mijyi myinshi yo mu gihugu cyanjye, ibidukikije byangiza amazi kandi byangiza ibidukikije byangiza ibidukikije.Ikorwa na acetal reaction ya vinyl alcool na formaldehyde.Kubwibyo, ibi bikoresho bigenda bikurwaho buhoro buhoro nabantu, kandi ibicuruzwa bya selile ya selile ikoreshwa mugusimbuza ibi bikoresho.Nukuvuga ko, mugutezimbere ibikoresho byubaka bitangiza ibidukikije, selile ni ibikoresho byonyine.
Muri putty idashobora kwihanganira amazi, igabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri: ifu yumye yumye na paste.Muri ubu bwoko bubiri bwa putty, yahinduwe methyl selulose na hydroxypropyl methyl igomba guhitamo.Ibisobanuro bya viscosity mubisanzwe biri hagati ya 30000-60000cps.Ibikorwa byingenzi bya selile muri putty ni ukubika amazi, guhuza no gusiga.Kubera ko formulaire ya putty yinganda zitandukanye zitandukanye, zimwe ni calcium yumukara, calcium yumucyo, sima yera, nibindi, nibindi, ni ifu ya gypsumu, calcium yumukara, calcium yumucyo, nibindi, bityo rero ibisobanuro, viscosity no kwinjira muri selile muri formula ebyiri nazo ziratandukanye.Amafaranga yongeweho ni 2 ‰ -3 ‰.Mu iyubakwa ry'urukuta rusakaye, kubera ko hejuru y'urukuta rufite urugero runaka rwo kwinjiza amazi (igipimo cyo gufata amazi y'urukuta rw'amatafari ni 13%, naho igipimo cyo gufata amazi ya beto ni 3-5%), ufatanije no guhumeka kwisi, niba putty itakaza amazi vuba, Bizagushikana kumeneka cyangwa kuvanaho ifu, bizagabanya imbaraga za putty.Kubwibyo, kongeramo selile ether bizakemura iki kibazo.Ariko ubwiza bwuzuza, cyane cyane ubwiza bwa calcium yivu nayo ni ngombwa cyane.
Bitewe n'ubukonje bwinshi bwa selile, ubwinshi bwa putty nabwo bwiyongera, kandi ibintu byo kugabanuka mugihe cyubwubatsi nabyo biririndwa, kandi biroroshye kandi bizigama imirimo nyuma yo kubisiba.Birakenewe kongeramo andi selulose ether muri puderi.Umusaruro wacyo no gukoresha biroroshye.Uzuza hamwe ninyongeramusaruro zirashobora kuvangwa neza muri poro yumye.
(2) Amabuye ya beto:
Muri beto ya beto, kugirango igere ku mbaraga zanyuma, sima igomba kuba yuzuye neza.Cyane cyane mubwubatsi, icyuma cya beto gitakaza amazi vuba, kandi ingamba zo gufata neza zikoreshwa mukubungabunga no kuminjagira amazi.Gupfusha ubusa umutungo no gukora nabi, urufunguzo ni uko amazi ari hejuru gusa, kandi hydrata y'imbere ikaba itaruzura, bityo rero igisubizo cyiki kibazo nukwongeramo selile igumana amazi selile kuri beto ya minisiteri, muri rusange hitamo hydroxypropyl methyl cyangwa methyl fibre Ibisobanuro bya viscosity biri hagati ya 20000–60000cps, naho amafaranga yongeyeho ni 2% –3%.Igipimo cyo gufata amazi kirashobora kwiyongera kugera kuri 85%.Uburyo bwo gukoresha muri beto ya minisiteri ni ukuvanga ifu yumye neza ukayishyira mumazi.
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Hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryinganda zubwubatsi, abantu bakeneye ibikoresho byubaka nabyo biriyongera.Bitewe no kongera ubumenyi bw’abantu ku bijyanye no kurengera ibidukikije no gukomeza kunoza imikorere y’ubwubatsi, ibicuruzwa bya gypsumu ya sima byateye imbere byihuse.Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa bya gypsumu bikunze kugaragara ni ugupompa gypsumu, gypsumu ihujwe, gypsumu yometseho, hamwe na tile yometse.Gutera gypsumu ni ibikoresho byo mu rwego rwo hejuru byo guhomesha inkuta zimbere no hejuru.Ubuso bwurukuta rwometseho ni byiza kandi byoroshye.Ubwoko bushya bwo kubaka urumuri rufata neza ni ibikoresho bifatanye bikozwe muri gypsumu nkibikoresho fatizo no kongeramo inyongeramusaruro zitandukanye.Birakwiriye guhuza ibikoresho bitandukanye byubaka inyubako.Ntabwo ari uburozi, uburyohe, kandi bwihuse.Nibikoresho bifasha imbaho zo kubaka no guhagarika kubaka;gypsum caulking agent ni icyuho cyuzuza imbaho za gypsumu nuwuzuza gusana inkuta.
Ibicuruzwa bya gypsumu bifite urukurikirane rwimirimo itandukanye.Usibye uruhare rwa gypsumu hamwe nuwuzuza, ikibazo cyingenzi nuko inyongeramusaruro ya selile yongeyeho uruhare runini.Kubera ko gypsumu igabanyijemo gypsumu ya anhydrous na gypsum ya hemihydrate, gypsumu itandukanye igira ingaruka zitandukanye kumikorere yibicuruzwa, bityo kubyimba, kubika amazi no kudindiza bigena ubwiza bwibikoresho byubaka gypsumu.Ikibazo gisanzwe cyibi bikoresho ni ugutobora no guturika, kandi imbaraga zambere ntizishobora kugerwaho.Kugira ngo iki kibazo gikemuke, ni uguhitamo ubwoko bwa selile hamwe nuburyo bwo gukoresha imikoreshereze ya retarder.Ni muri urwo rwego, methyl cyangwa hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 muri rusange byatoranijwe.–60000cps, amafaranga yiyongereye ni 1.5% –2%.Muri byo, selile yibanda ku gufata amazi no kudasiga amavuta.Ariko rero, ntibishoboka kwishingikiriza kuri selile ya selile nka retarder, kandi birakenewe kongeramo aside citric retarder kugirango ivange kandi ikoreshe bitagize ingaruka kumbaraga zambere.
Kugumana amazi muri rusange bivuga umubare w'amazi azabura bisanzwe bitarimo amazi yo hanze.Niba urukuta rwumye cyane, kwinjiza amazi no guhumeka bisanzwe hejuru yubutaka bizatuma ibikoresho bitakaza amazi vuba, kandi gutobora no guturika nabyo bizabaho.Ubu buryo bwo gukoresha buvanze nifu yumye.Niba utegura igisubizo, nyamuneka reba uburyo bwo gutegura igisubizo.
(4) Amashanyarazi
Imisemburo ya insulire ni ubwoko bushya bwibikoresho byo gukingira imbere mu majyaruguru.Nibikoresho byurukuta byashizwemo nibikoresho byo kubika, minisiteri na binder.Muri ibi bikoresho, selile igira uruhare runini muguhuza no kongera imbaraga.Mubisanzwe hitamo methyl selulose ifite ubukonje bwinshi (hafi 10000cps), dosiye iri hagati ya 2 ‰ -3 ‰), kandi uburyo bwo gukoresha ni kuvanga ifu yumye.
(5) umukozi wa interineti
Hitamo HPNC 20000cps kubakozi ba interineti, hitamo 60000cps cyangwa irenga kuri tile yometse kuri tile, hanyuma wibande kubyimbye muri agent ya interineti, bishobora kuzamura imbaraga zingutu nimbaraga zo kurwanya imyambi.Ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bigumana amazi muguhuza amabati kugirango wirinde amabati kutagira umwuma vuba no kugwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Apr-20-2023