Cellulose ether (CelluloseEther) an yi shi daga cellulose ta hanyar etherification dauki daya ko da yawa etherification jamiái da bushe nika.Dangane da tsarin sinadarai daban-daban na masu maye gurbin ether, ana iya raba ethers cellulose zuwa anionic, cationic da nonionic ethers.Ionic cellulose ethers yafi hada da carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC);wadanda ba ionic cellulose ethers yafi sun hada da methyl cellulose ether (MC), hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether (HPMC) da kuma hydroxyethyl cellulose Ether (HC), da dai sauransu Non-ionic ethers an raba ruwa-soluble ethers da mai-soluble ethers, da kuma wadanda ba. -ionic water-soluble ethers ana amfani da su a cikin samfuran turmi.A gaban ions calcium, ionic cellulose ether ba shi da kwanciyar hankali, don haka da wuya a yi amfani da shi a cikin busassun busassun kayan turmi masu amfani da siminti, lemun tsami, da dai sauransu a matsayin kayan siminti.Nonionic ruwa-soluble cellulose ethers ana amfani da ko'ina a cikin ginin kayan masana'antu saboda su dakatar da kwanciyar hankali da kuma ruwa riƙe.
01. Chemical Properties na cellulose ether
Kowane ether cellulose yana da tsarin asali na cellulose - tsarin anhydroglucose.A cikin aiwatar da samar da ether cellulose, za a fara mai da fiber cellulose a cikin wani bayani na alkaline, sa'an nan kuma a bi da shi tare da wani etherifying wakili.Samfurin dauki na fibrous yana tsarkakewa kuma an niƙasa don samar da foda iri ɗaya tare da ɗanɗano.
Ana amfani da Propylene oxide don samun abubuwan maye gurbin hydroxypropyl ban da methane chloride a cikin samar da HPMC.Daban-daban ethers cellulose suna da daban-daban methyl da hydroxypropyl maye rabo, wanda rinjayar da kwayoyin jituwa da thermal gelation zafin jiki na cellulose ether mafita.
A cikin tsarin samarwa na MC, kawai methyl chloride ana amfani dashi azaman etherification wakili
02. Yanayin aikace-aikacen cellulose ether:
Cellulose ether wani nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'in nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i nau'i) nau'i-nau'i-roba, wanda yake da ruwa mai narkewa da mai narkewa.Yana da tasiri daban-daban a masana'antu daban-daban.Misali, a cikin kayan gini na sinadarai, yana da abubuwa masu yawa masu zuwa:
①Wakilin rikon ruwa ②Kauri
A cikin masana'antar polyvinyl chloride, yana da emulsifier da watsawa;a cikin masana'antar harhada magunguna, yana da ɗaure da jinkirin da sarrafa kayan tsarin sakin kayan aiki, da dai sauransu Saboda cellulose yana da nau'ikan nau'ikan abubuwan da aka haɗa, aikace-aikacen sa Filin kuma shine mafi fa'ida.Mai zuwa yana mai da hankali kan amfani da aikin ether cellulose a cikin kayan gini daban-daban.
(1) A cikin bangon goge baki:
A halin yanzu, a mafi yawan biranen ƙasara, ɗigon ruwa mai jure ruwa da kuma goge-goge da ke da alaƙa da muhalli mutane sun sami ƙimar gaske.An samar da shi ta hanyar amsawar acetal na barasa vinyl da formaldehyde.Sabili da haka, mutane suna kawar da wannan abu a hankali, kuma ana amfani da samfuran ether na cellulose don maye gurbin wannan abu.Wato don haɓaka kayan gini masu dacewa da muhalli, a halin yanzu cellulose shine abu ɗaya kawai.
A cikin ruwa mai jure ruwa, an raba shi zuwa nau'i biyu: busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun busassun ruwa da kuma man da aka saka.Daga cikin waɗannan nau'ikan putty guda biyu, methyl cellulose da aka gyara da hydroxypropyl methyl yakamata a zaɓi.Ƙididdigar danko gabaɗaya tsakanin 30000-60000cps.Babban ayyuka na cellulose a cikin putty shine riƙewar ruwa, haɗin gwiwa da lubrication.Tun da putty dabara na daban-daban masana'antun ne daban-daban, wasu su ne launin toka alli, haske alli, farin ciminti, da dai sauransu, da kuma wasu su ne gypsum foda, launin toka alli, haske alli, da dai sauransu, don haka dalla-dalla, danko da shigar azzakari cikin farji na cellulose a cikin . dabaru guda biyu kuma sun bambanta.Adadin da aka ƙara shine kusan 2‰-3‰.A cikin gina bango scraping putty, tun da tushe surface na bango yana da wani mataki na ruwa sha (yawan sha ruwa bangon tubali ne 13%, da kuma ruwa sha ruwa na kankare ne 3-5%). haɗe tare da ƙawancen waje na waje, idan putty ya rasa ruwa da sauri , Zai haifar da raguwa ko cire foda, wanda zai raunana ƙarfin putty.Saboda haka, ƙara cellulose ether zai magance wannan matsala.Amma ingancin filler, musamman ingancin ash calcium shima yana da mahimmanci.
Saboda yawan dankowar cellulose, an kuma inganta buoyancy na putty, kuma ana guje wa abubuwan da ke faruwa a lokacin gini, kuma yana da kyau da kuma ceton aiki bayan gogewa.Wajibi ne don ƙara ƙarin ether cellulose a cikin foda.Samuwarta da amfaninta sun fi dacewa.Za a iya haɗa filler da ƙari a ko'ina cikin busassun foda.
(2) Turmi Kankare:
A cikin kankare turmi, don cimma ƙarfin ƙarshe, simintin dole ne ya cika ruwa sosai.Musamman a lokacin aikin rani, turmi na kankare yana asarar ruwa da sauri, kuma ana amfani da matakan cikakken hydration don kula da yayyafa ruwa.Almubazzaranci da aiki maras dacewa, mabuɗin shine cewa ruwa yana kan ƙasa ne kawai, kuma hydration na cikin gida har yanzu bai cika ba, don haka maganin wannan matsalar shine ƙara cellulose mai riƙe da ruwa zuwa simintin turmi, gabaɗaya zaɓi hydroxypropyl methyl. ko methyl fiber Bayanin danko yana tsakanin 20000-60000cps, kuma adadin adadin shine 2%-3%.Ana iya ƙara yawan riƙe ruwa zuwa fiye da 85%.Hanyar da ake amfani da ita a cikin kankare turmi shine a hada busasshen foda daidai gwargwado a saka a cikin ruwa.
(3) A cikin gypsum plastering, gypsum bonded, da gypsum caulking:
Tare da saurin bunƙasa masana'antar gine-gine, buƙatun mutane na sabbin kayan gini kuma yana ƙaruwa.Saboda karuwar wayar da kan mutane game da kare muhalli da ci gaba da inganta ingantaccen gini, samfuran gypsum siminti sun haɓaka cikin sauri.A halin yanzu, samfuran gypsum na yau da kullun sune plaster gypsum, gypsum bonded, gypsum inlaid, da tile m.Gilashin gypsum abu ne mai inganci don bangon ciki da rufi.Fuskar bangon da aka shafa da shi yana da kyau da santsi.Wani sabon nau'i na ginin katako mai haske shine kayan da aka yi da gypsum a matsayin kayan tushe da kuma ƙara nau'i daban-daban.Ya dace da haɗin kai tsakanin kayan bangon ginin inorganic daban-daban.Ba mai guba ba ne, mara ɗanɗano, kuma saitin sauri.Abu ne mai goyan baya don allon gini da ginin toshe;gypsum caulking wakili ne mai rata tsakanin allunan gypsum da mai gyara ga bango da fashe.
Waɗannan samfuran gypsum suna da jerin ayyuka daban-daban.Bugu da ƙari ga rawar gypsum da masu cikawa masu alaƙa, mahimmancin batun shine cewa ƙarar ether na cellulose yana taka muhimmiyar rawa.Tun da gypsum ya kasu kashi gypsum anhydrous da hemihydrate gypsum, gypsum daban-daban yana da tasiri daban-daban akan aikin samfurin, don haka thickening, riƙewar ruwa da retardation yana ƙayyade ingancin kayan gini na gypsum.Matsalar gama gari na waɗannan kayan shine fashe da fashe, kuma ƙarfin farko ba zai iya isa ba.Don magance wannan matsala, shine zaɓi nau'in cellulose da hanyar amfani da fili na retarder.Dangane da wannan, methyl ko hydroxypropyl methyl 30000 an zaɓi gabaɗaya.-60000cps, adadin ƙarin shine 1.5% -2%.Daga cikin su, cellulose yana mai da hankali kan riƙe ruwa da jinkirtar da man shafawa.Duk da haka, ba shi yiwuwa a dogara da ether cellulose a matsayin mai retarder, kuma yana da muhimmanci don ƙara citric acid retarder don haɗuwa da amfani ba tare da rinjayar ƙarfin farko ba.
Riƙewar ruwa gabaɗaya yana nufin adadin ruwan da za a yi asarar ta halitta ba tare da shayar da ruwa na waje ba.Idan bango ya bushe sosai, shayar da ruwa da ƙawancen yanayi a kan ƙasan tushe zai sa kayan suyi asarar ruwa da sauri, kuma raguwa da fashe kuma za su faru.Ana haxa wannan hanyar amfani da busassun foda.Idan kun shirya bayani, don Allah koma zuwa hanyar shirye-shiryen maganin.
(4) Turmi rufin zafi
Turmi rufi sabon nau'in kayan rufe bangon ciki ne a yankin arewa.Abun bango ne da aka haɗa ta kayan rufewa, turmi da ɗaure.A cikin wannan abu, cellulose yana taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗawa da ƙara ƙarfi.Gabaɗaya zaɓi methyl cellulose tare da babban danko (kimanin 10000cps), sashi shine gabaɗaya tsakanin 2 ‰-3‰), kuma hanyar amfani shine hadawar busasshen foda.
(5) wakilin sadarwa
Zaɓi HPNC 20000cps don wakilin dubawa, zaɓi 60000cps ko fiye don mannen tayal, kuma mayar da hankali kan mai kauri a cikin ma'aunin mu'amala, wanda zai iya haɓaka ƙarfin ƙarfi da ƙarfin kibiya.Ana amfani da shi azaman wakili mai riƙe ruwa a cikin haɗin tayal don hana fale-falen daga bushewa da sauri da faɗuwa.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-20-2023