IHydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) iyisithako esisebenza ngezindlela eziningi nesibalulekile ekwakhiweni kodaka, idlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni ikhwalithi kanye nokusebenza kodaka.Udaka luyimpahla yokwakha eyisisekelo esetshenziswa ekwakheni ukuhlanganisa izitini, amatshe, namanye amayunithi okwakha ndawonye.Izinga lodaka lithintwa izici eziningi, futhi ukukhethwa kanye nekhwalithi yezithasiselo (njenge-HPMC) kubalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza okudingekayo.
Isingeniso se-Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC):
Isakhiwo samakhemikhali nokwakheka:
IHydroxypropylmethylcellulose iyi-polymer etholakala ku-cellulose, i-polymer yemvelo etholakala ezindongeni zamaseli ezitshalo.Isakhiwo samakhemikhali se-HPMC sibonakala ngamayunithi aphindaphinda ushukela anama-hydroxypropyl ahlukahlukene kanye namaqembu e-methoxy anamathiselwe kumgogodla we-cellulose.Izinga lokushintshwa (DS) kwalawa maqembu linquma izici ze-HPMC, okuhlanganisa ukuncibilika, ukujiya, nekhono lokwenza ifilimu.
Inqubo yokukhiqiza:
Ukukhiqizwa kwe-HPMC kubandakanya ukufakwa kwe-cellulose etherification nge-propylene oxide ne-methyl chloride.Le nqubo yethula amaqembu e-hydroxypropyl kanye ne-methoxy ochungechungeni lwe-cellulose, okwenza i-polymer encibilika emanzini enezinhlobonhlobo zezinhlelo zokusebenza.
Indima ye-HPMC kudaka:
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi:
Omunye wemisebenzi eyinhloko ye-HPMC odakeni ukugcina amanzi.Imvelo ye-hydrophilic ye-HPMC iyivumela ukuthi imunce futhi igcine umswakama, ivimbele ukuhwamuka okusheshayo ngesikhathi sokusetha kanye nezigaba zokuphulukisa.Lokhu kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukugeleza okufanele kwezinhlayiya zikasimende, ekugcineni kusize ukuthuthukisa amandla nokuqina kodaka.
Ukusebenza okuthuthukisiwe:
I-HPMC isebenza njengesiguquli se-rheology odakeni, ithuthukisa ukusebenza kwayo kanye nokusebenziseka kalula.I-polymer inomphumela wokugcoba, inciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kwezinhlayiya futhi yenza kube lula nokusatshalaliswa kodaka ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa.Lokhu kusebenza okuthuthukisiwe kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi ekuhlanganiseni, okuvumela ukunamathela okungcono kanye nokunciphisa umsebenzi womzimba ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Thuthukisa ukunamathela nokuhlanganisa:
I-HPMC inethonya elikhulu kuzakhiwo zokubopha udaka.I-polymer yakha ifilimu elincanyana elizungeze izinhlayiya zikasimende, okwenza i-matrix ehlangene ethuthukisa ukunamathela kodaka kumayunithi amatshe.Lokhu kuhlanganisa okuthuthukisiwe kubalulekile ekuqineni kwesakhiwo sesakhiwo, ukuvimbela ukuqhekeka nokuqinisekisa ukuzinza kwesikhathi eside.
Isikhathi sokusetha esilawulwayo:
I-HPMC ingathinta isikhathi sokusetha sikasimende ngokulawula izinga lokugeleza kukasimende.I-polymer isebenza njenge-retarder, yehlisa ijubane inqubo yokusethwa nokunweba ukucutshungulwa.Lokhu kunenzuzo ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi amakhulu wokwakha, lapho izikhathi zokumisa ezibambezelekile zinikeza ukuguquguquka okukhulu ekusetshenzisweni nasekulungiseni.
Ukumelana nokuqhekeka:
Ukuqhekeka kuyinkinga evamile ngodaka futhi kuvame ukubangelwa ukushwabana phakathi nenqubo yokomisa.I-HPMC isiza ekudambiseni le nkinga ngokunciphisa ukulahleka komswakama ngokuhwamuka, ngaleyo ndlela inciphise imifantu yokushwabana.Izakhiwo zefilimu ze-polymer zisiza ukuthuthukisa ukumelana nodaka ekuqhekekeni, kuqinisekiswe isiphetho esihlala isikhathi eside futhi esibukeka kahle.
Umbala nokwakheka okufanayo:
Ngokungeziwe endimeni yayo yokusebenza, i-HPMC ingaphinda ithuthukise izimfanelo zobuhle zodaka.I-polymer isiza ukugcina umbala ofanayo nokuthungwa ngokuvimbela izithako ekuhlukaniseni nasekuqinisekiseni ukusatshalaliswa okungaguquki kwezithasiselo.Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ezinhlelweni zokwakha lapho ukubonakala kodaka kuwukucatshangelwa okubalulekile kokuklama.
Umthelela wekhwalithi ye-HPMC odakeni:
Ukuhlanzeka nokungaguquguquki:
Izinga le-HPMC lithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwayo odakeni.I-HPMC enobumsulwa obuphezulu inamakhemikhali angaguquki aqinisekisa imiphumela enokwethenjelwa nebikezelwayo ekugcineni amanzi, ukucutshungulwa nokunamathela.Ukungcola noma izinguquko ekubunjweni kungabangela udaka ukuthi luziphathe ngendlela engafanele, kuthinte ikhwalithi yonke yesakhiwo.
Usayizi we-particle nokusabalalisa:
Ubukhulu bezinhlayiyana kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezinhlayiya ze-HPMC kudlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwe-polymer odakeni.Izinhlayiya ezinhle zinikeza ukumbozwa okungcono kanye nezakhiwo zefilimu, okusiza ukuthuthukisa ukunamathela nokugcinwa kwamanzi.Izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi ngesikhathi senqubo yokukhiqiza zibalulekile ekugcineni izici zezinhlayiyana ezifunwayo ukuze kusebenze kahle.
I-Degree of substitution (DS):
Izinga lokushintsha, elimele inani lamaqembu e-hydroxypropyl kanye ne-methoxy kumgogodla we-cellulose, ipharamitha eyinhloko ethinta ukusebenza kwe-HPMC.I-DS ephakeme ngokuvamile iphumela ekwandeni kokuncibilika kwamanzi nekhono lokwenza ifilimu.Izidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza lodaka zinquma i-DS ekahle, futhi ukuhluka kule pharamitha kungase kuthinte ukusebenza kwe-polymer ekwakhekeni kodaka.
Ukuvumelana kwe-viscosity:
I-viscosity yesisombululo se-HPMC ibalulekile ukuze kuzuzwe izakhiwo ezidingekayo ze-rheological of the mortar.I-viscosity engahambisani iphumela ekushintsheni kokucutshungulwa kanye nezici zohlelo lokusebenza.Izinyathelo zokulawula ikhwalithi zokuqinisekisa i-viscosity engaguquguquki ukusuka kuqeqebana ukuya kwelinye zibalulekile ekusebenzeni okuthembekile kwe-HPMC kumasimende.
Ukuhambisana nezinye izithasiselo:
Ukwakhiwa kodaka kuvame ukufaka izithasiselo ezihlukahlukene ukuze kuzuzwe imigomo ethile yokusebenza.Izinga le-HPMC libalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuhambisana nezinye izithako ezifana nama-accelerator, ama-retarders noma ama-ejenti angenisa umoya.Ukungahambelani kungase kubangele imiphumela emibi ehlanganisa izikhathi zokusetha ezishintshiwe, amandla ancishisiwe, noma ukuqina ukuqina.
Izinto okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha i-HPMC yokwenza udaka:
Izidingo zohlelo lokusebenza:
Ukukhethwa kwe-HPMC kufanele kuhambisane nezidingo ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza lodaka.Amaphrojekthi wokwakha ahlukene angase adinge amazinga ahlukene okugcinwa kwamanzi, ukusebenza noma isikhathi sokusetha.Ukuqonda imininingwane yephrojekthi kanye nezimo zemvelo kubalulekile ekukhetheni ibanga elifanele kakhulu le-HPMC.
Izinhlobo zikasimende nokwakheka:
Uhlobo nokwakheka kukasimende okusetshenziswe ekwakhiweni kodaka kuthinta ukuhambisana nokusebenza kwe-HPMC.Izinto ezifana nokucoleka kwezinhlayiya zikasimende kanye nokuba khona kwezinto ezisizayo zikasimende kufanele zicatshangelwe lapho kukhethwa i-HPMC ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenzisana okuphelele nezinye izingxenye.
Izimo zemvelo:
Izimo zezulu nezemvelo endaweni yokwakha zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kodaka.Ukukhethwa kwe-HPMC kufanele kucabangele izici ezifana nezinga lokushisa, umswakama kanye nokuchayeka elangeni, njengoba lezi zici zizothinta isikhathi sokubeka nokusebenza kodaka.
Ukuthobela Umthetho:
Lapho ukhetha i-HPMC yezinhlelo zokusebenza zodaka, ukuthobela izindinganiso zokulawula kanye nezitifiketi kubalulekile.Ukuhambisana nezindinganiso zomkhakha kuqinisekisa ukuvumelana kanye nekhwalithi ekukhiqizeni umkhiqizo, kunciphisa ingozi yezinkinga ezingalindelekile ngesikhathi sokwakha.
Ekuphetheni:
Kafushane, i-hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) iyi-polymer esebenza ngezinto eziningi enomthelela obalulekile kwikhwalithi yodaka ezinhlelweni zokwakha.Indima yayo ekugcineni amanzi, ukusebenza, ukunamathela kanye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuyenza ibe isithako esibalulekile ekwakhiweni kodaka lwesimanje.Izinga le-HPMC libalulekile njengoba lithinta ngqo ukusebenza kwayo kanjalo nekhwalithi isiyonke yengqalasizinda eyakhiwayo.
Ukuqonda amakhemikhali kanye nokusebenza kwe-HPMC kuma-mortars kunganikeza imininingwane ebalulekile ekusetshenzisweni kwayo futhi kunikeze amandla izinqumo ezinolwazi phakathi nenqubo yokukhetha nokwakhiwa.Izilinganiso zokulawula ikhwalithi, ukungaguquguquki kokusebenza, kanye nokucatshangelwa kwezidingo ezithile zephrojekthi yizici ezibalulekile ekuqinisekiseni ukusetshenziswa okuthembekile, okuphumelelayo kwe-HPMC ezindongeni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Dec-18-2023