Indima ebalulekileyo ye-cellulose ether kudaka oluxutyiweyo olusele lulungile:
Kwi-mortar edibeneyo edibeneyo, i-ether ye-cellulose eyongeziweyo iphantsi kakhulu, kodwa inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka olumanzi, ukwakhiwa kodaka lulongezelelo olukhulu.Ukukhetha okufanelekileyo kweentlobo ezahlukeneyo, i-viscosity eyahlukileyo, ubungakanani bamasuntswana ahlukeneyo, idigri ye-viscosity eyahlukeneyo kunye nokongeza inani le-cellulose ether.
Kwi-mortar edibeneyo edibeneyo, i-ether ye-cellulose eyongeziweyo iphantsi kakhulu, kodwa inokuphucula kakhulu ukusebenza kodaka olumanzi, ukwakhiwa kodaka lulongezelelo olukhulu.Ukukhethwa okufanelekileyo kwe-cellulose ether kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo, i-viscosity eyahlukileyo, ubungakanani beentlobo ezahlukeneyo, idigri ye-viscosity eyahlukeneyo kunye nemali yokongeza inefuthe elihle ekuphuculeni iimpawu zodaka olomileyo.Okwangoku, udaka oluninzi lwe-masonry kunye ne-plastering lunentsebenzo engafanelekanga yokugcina amanzi, kwaye ukuhlukana kodaka lwamanzi kuya kwenzeka emva kwemizuzu embalwa yokuma.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi ngumsebenzi obalulekileyo we-methyl cellulose ether, kodwa kunye nabaninzi abavelisi bodaka olomileyo lwasekhaya, ngokukodwa kwindawo esemazantsi yabakhiqizi beqondo lokushisa eliphezulu abachaphazelekayo malunga nokusebenza.Izinto ezichaphazela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwisiphumo sodaka olomileyo lubandakanya inani le-MC, i-MC viscosity, i-particle fineness kunye nobushushu be-ambient.
I-Cellulose ether yipolymer yokwenziwa eyenziwe ngeselulosi yendalo njengemathiriyeli ekrwada ngokuguqulwa kweekhemikhali.I-ether ye-cellulose iphuma kwi-cellulose yendalo, imveliso ye-cellulose ether kunye ne-polymer yokwenziwa yahlukile, eyona nto isisiseko se-cellulose, i-polymer compounds yendalo.Ngenxa yobungcali besakhiwo se-cellulose yendalo, i-cellulose ngokwayo ayinakho ukusabela nge-etherifying agent.Nangona kunjalo, emva kokunyangwa kwe-arhente yokudumba, iibhondi ze-hydrogen ezomeleleyo phakathi kwamatyathanga eemolekyuli kunye nangaphakathi kwekhonkco zatshatyalaliswa, kwaye umsebenzi weqela le-hydroxyl wakhutshelwa kwi-alkali cellulose enekhono lokusabela, kunye ne-ether cellulose yafunyanwa ngokusabela kwe-ejenti ye-ETHERifying - OH iqela ku -OKANYE iqela.
Iimpawu ze-cellulose ethers zixhomekeke kuhlobo, inani kunye nokuhanjiswa kwezinto ezithatha indawo.Ukuhlelwa kwe-ether ye-cellulose nayo isekelwe kuhlobo lwabaxumi, i-degree of etherification, i-solubility kunye nesicelo esihambelanayo sinokuhlelwa.Ngokohlobo lwababambeleyo kwitsheyini yemolekyuli, inokwahlulwa ibe yi-ether enye kunye ne-ether edibeneyo.I-MC idla ngokusetyenziswa njengeetha enye, ngelixa i-HPMC iyi-ether exutyiweyo.I-Methyl cellulose ether MC yiyunithi yeglucose eselulosi yendalo kwi-hydroxyl methoxide endaweni yefomyula yesakhiwo semveliso yi [COH7O2 (OH) 3-H (OCH3) H] X, i-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether HPMC yinxalenye ye-hydroxyl inxalenye i-methoxide ithathelwe indawo yi-hydroxypropyl, enye inxalenye yemveliso ithathelwa indawo yi-hydroxypropyl, I-formula yesakhiwo [C6H7O2 (OH) 3-MN (OCH3) M [OCH2CH (OH) CH3] N] X kunye ne-hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose ether HEMC, isetyenziswa kakhulu kwaye ithengiswa kwimarike.
Ukusuka kwi-solubility inokwahlulwa ibe yintlobo ye-ionic kunye nohlobo lwe-non-ionic.Amanzi-anyibilikayo non-ionic cellulose ether ikakhulu yenziwe alkyl ether kunye hydroxyl alkyl ether ezimbini iintlobo ezahlukeneyo.I-Ionic CMC isetyenziswa ikakhulu kwisicoci sokwenziwa, indwangu, ushicilelo, ukutya kunye nokusetyenziswa kwepetroleum.I-non-ionic MC, i-HPMC, i-HEMC kunye nezinye ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto zokwakha, iingubo ze-latex, amayeza, i-chemistry yemihla ngemihla kunye nezinye iinkalo.Njenge-ejenti yokuqina, i-arhente yokugcina amanzi, i-stabilizer, i-dispersant, i-agent eyenza ifilimu.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi e-Cellulose ether: kwimveliso yezinto zokwakha, ngakumbi udaka olomileyo, i-cellulose ether idlala indima engenakulinganiswa, ngakumbi kwimveliso yodaka olukhethekileyo (udaka olulungisiweyo), kodwa kunye nenxalenye eyimfuneko.Indima ebalulekileyo ye-ether ye-cellulose e-soluble water-soluble kwi-mortar ikakhulu inemiba emithathu, enye inamandla okugcina amanzi, okwesibini yimpembelelo yodaka kunye ne-thixotropy, kwaye okwesithathu kukusebenzisana nesamente.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-ether cellulose, kuxhomekeke kwisiseko se-hydroscopicity, ukubunjwa kodaka, ubuninzi be-mortar layer, imfuno yamanzi yodaka, ixesha lokujiya kwe-condensation.Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuvela ekunyibilikeni kunye nokuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni we-cellulose ether ngokwayo.Kuyaziwa ukuba i-cellulose molecular chain chain, nangona iqulethe inani elikhulu lamaqela e-OH ane-hydrated kakhulu, ayinyibiliki emanzini ngenxa yesakhiwo sazo se-crystalline.Isakhono sokugalela amanzi samaqela e-hydroxyl sisodwa akwanelanga ukuhlawulela i-intermolecular bond ye-hydrogen eyomeleleyo kunye nemikhosi ye-van der Waals.Xa i-substituents zingeniswa kwikhonkco le-molecular, kungekhona nje abathintekayo abatshabalalisa ikhonkco le-hydrogen, kodwa kunye neebhondi ze-hydrogen ze-interchain ziyaphulwa ngenxa yokudityaniswa kwezinto ezihambelanayo phakathi kwamatyathanga akufutshane.Izikhulu ezithatha indawo, kokukhona umgama omkhulu phakathi kweeathom.Ukutshatyalaliswa okukhulu kwesiphumo se-hydrogen bond, ukwanda kwe-cellulose lattice, isisombululo kwi-ether ye-cellulose iba yi-soluble water-soluble, ukusekwa kwesisombululo esiphezulu se-viscosity.Njengoko iqondo lokushisa liphakama, i-hydration ye-polymer iyancipha kwaye amanzi phakathi kwamatyathanga akhutshwe.Xa i-dehydrating effect yanele, iamolekyu ziqala ukudibanisa kwaye i-gel igoqa kwi-network-dimensional network.
Izinto ezichaphazela ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwi-mortar ziquka i-cellulose ether viscosity, i-dosage, i-particle fineness kunye nobushushu benkonzo.
Inkulu i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi ukusebenza.I-Viscosity yiparameter ebalulekileyo yokusebenza kweMC.Okwangoku, abavelisi be-MC abahlukeneyo basebenzisa iindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nezixhobo zokulinganisa i-viscosity ye-MC.Iindlela eziphambili ziquka i-Haake Rotovisko, iHoppler, i-Ubbelohde kunye ne-Brookfield.Kwimveliso efanayo, iziphumo ze-viscosity ezilinganiswe ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zihluke kakhulu, ezinye zihluke kakhulu.Ngoko ke, xa uthelekisa i-viscosity, kufuneka iqhutywe phakathi kwendlela yokuvavanya efanayo, kubandakanywa ukushisa, i-rotor, njl.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, okukhona i-viscosity iphezulu, ngcono isiphumo sokugcina amanzi.Nangona kunjalo, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity kukuba, ubunzima be-molecular ye-MC buphezulu, kwaye ukusebenza kokutshatyalaliswa kuya kuncipha ngokuhambelanayo, okunempembelelo embi kumandla kunye nokusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka.Okukhona i-viscosity iphezulu, kokukhona kucaca ngakumbi umphumo wokuqina wodaka, kodwa awuhambelani nobudlelwane.Ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, udaka olumanzi luya kuba lunamathele ngakumbi, zombini ulwakhiwo, ukusebenza kwe-scraper enamathele kunye nokunamathela okuphezulu kwizinto ezisisiseko.Kodwa akuloncedo ukwandisa amandla okwakhiwa kodaka olumanzi.Ngexesha lokwakha, ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag akubonakali.Ngokuchasene noko, i-viscosity ephantsi kodwa i-methyl cellulose ethers ehlaziyiweyo inomsebenzi ogqwesileyo ekuphuculeni amandla okwakhiwa kodaka olumanzi.
I-ether ye-cellulose eyongeziweyo yongezwa kwidaka, ukusebenza kakuhle kokugcinwa kwamanzi, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, ukusebenza kakuhle kokugcinwa kwamanzi.
Ubungakanani besuntswana, incinci incinci, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi.Amasuntswana amakhulu e-cellulose ether yokunxibelelana namanzi, umphezulu ngokukhawuleza unyibilike kwaye wenze ijeli ukusonga izinto zokuthintela iimolekyuli zamanzi ukuba zingaqhubeki nokungena, ngamanye amaxesha ixesha elide lixhokonxa alinakuhlakazwa ngokulinganayo, ukubunjwa kwesisombululo esinodaka okanye iagglomerate.Ukunyibilika kwe-ether ye-cellulose yenye yezinto zokukhetha i-ether ye-cellulose.Ukulunga kukwayisalathisi sokusebenza esibalulekileyo se-methyl cellulose ether.I-MC yodaka olomileyo ifuna umgubo, umxholo wamanzi aphantsi, kunye nokucoleka kwe-20% ~ 60% ubungakanani beqhekeza elingaphantsi kwe-63um.Ukulunga kuchaphazela ukunyibilika kwe-methyl cellulose ether.I-coarse MC idla ngokuba yigranular kwaye inokunyibilika ngokulula emanzini ngaphandle kwe-agglomerating, kodwa isantya sokunyibilika sicotha kakhulu, ngoko ke ayifanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kudaka olomileyo.Kwidaka elomileyo, i-MC ihlakazekile phakathi kwe-aggregate, i-fine fillers kunye nezixhobo ze-cementing ezifana ne-samente, kwaye kuphela umgubo ococekileyo onokuthi uphephe i-clumping ye-methyl cellulose ether xa ixutywa namanzi.Xa i-MC yongeza amanzi ukunyibilikisa i-agglomerate, kunzima kakhulu ukuyichitha kwaye ukuyinyibilikisa.I-MC ene-coarse fineness ayigcini nje inkunkuma, kodwa inciphisa amandla wendawo yodaka.Xa udaka olomileyo olunjalo lwakhiwe kwindawo enkulu, isantya sokunyanga sodaka lwendawo esomileyo sincitshiswa kakhulu, okubangela ukuqhekeka okubangelwa lixesha lokunyanga elahlukileyo.Ngodaka lokutshiza ngomatshini, ngenxa yexesha elifutshane lokuxuba, ukulunga kuphezulu.
Ukulunga kwe-MC nako kunefuthe elithile kugcino lwamanzi.Ngokuqhelekileyo, kwi-methyl cellulose ether ene-viscosity efanayo kodwa ukucoleka okwahlukileyo, okukhona isiphumo sogcino lwamanzi siphucuka ngaphantsi komyinge ofanayo wokongezwa.
Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-MC kuhambelana nobushushu obusetyenzisiweyo, kwaye ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose ether kuncipha ngokunyuka kweqondo lokushisa.Kodwa kwisicelo semathiriyeli yokwenyani, iindawo ezininzi zodaka olomileyo zihlala zikwiqondo lobushushu eliphezulu (elingaphezulu kwama-40 degrees) phantsi kwemeko yolwakhiwo kwindawo eshushu, enje ngokufakwa ehlotyeni kodaka lwangaphandle, oluhlala lukhawulezisa ukuqina kodonga. isamente kunye nokuqina kodaka olomileyo.Ukuncipha kwezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi kukhokelela kwimvakalelo ecacileyo yokuba zombini ukwakhiwa kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuchaphazelekayo.Kule meko, ukunciphisa impembelelo yezinto zokushisa kuba yinto ebaluleke kakhulu.Nangona i-additive ye-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether ithathwa njengephambili kuphuhliso lwezobuchwepheshe, ukuxhomekeka kwayo kwiqondo lokushisa kuya kukhokelela ekunciphiseni iimpawu zodaka olomileyo.Nangona ukonyuka kwe-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose dosage (ifomula yasehlotyeni), ukwakhiwa kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka akukwazi ukuhlangabezana neemfuno zokusetyenziswa.Ngokusebenzisa unyango olukhethekileyo lwe-MC, olufana nokunyusa izinga le-etherification, umphumo wokugcinwa kwamanzi we-MC unokugcina umphumo ongcono phantsi kobushushu obuphezulu, ukwenzela ukuba unokubonelela ngokusebenza okungcono phantsi kweemeko ezinzima.
Ukongeza, i-cellulose ether thickening kunye ne-thixotropy: i-cellulose ether isenzo sesibini - ukuqina kuxhomekeke kwi: i-cellulose ether polymerization degree, i-concentration yesisombululo, izinga le-shear, ubushushu kunye nezinye iimeko.Ipropati ye-gelation yesisombululo iyingqayizivele kwi-alkyl cellulose kunye ne-derivatives yayo eguqulwayo.Iimpawu zeGelation zihambelana neqondo lokutshintshwa, ukugxilwa kwesisombululo kunye nezongezo.Kwizinto ze-hydroxyl alkyl modified derivatives, iipropati zejeli nazo zihambelana neqondo lokuguqulwa kwe-hydroxyl alkyl.Kuba yoxinaniso isisombululo ephantsi viscosity MC kunye HPMC ingalungiswa 10% -15% isisombululo yoxinaniso, viscosity medium MC kunye HPMC ingalungiswa 5% -10% isisombululo, kunye viscosity eliphezulu MC kunye HPMC ingalungiswa kuphela 2% -3 % isisombululo, kwaye ngokuqhelekileyo i-cellulose ether viscosity yokuhlelwa kwakhona kwi-1% -2% isisombululo kwibakala.Ubunzima obuphezulu be-cellulose ye-ether thickener ukusebenza kakuhle, ukuxinwa okufanayo kwesisombululo, iipolymers ze-molecular weight ezahlukeneyo zine-viscosity eyahlukileyo, i-viscosity kunye ne-molecular weight ingabonakaliswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo, [η] = 2.92 × 10-2 (DPn) 0.905, i-DPn yi-avareji iqondo eliphezulu lepolymerization.I-ether ye-molecular weight low cellulose ukongeza ngakumbi ukuphumeza i-viscosity ekujoliswe kuyo.I-viscosity yayo ixhomekeke kancinci kwireyithi yokucheba, i-viscosity ephezulu ukufezekisa i-viscosity ekujoliswe kuyo, isixa esifunekayo ukongeza ngaphantsi, i-viscosity ixhomekeke ekusebenzeni kokuqina.Ngoko ke, ukufezekisa ukuhambelana okuthile, umlinganiselo othile we-cellulose ether (ukugxilwa kwesisombululo) kunye ne-viscosity yesisombululo kufuneka iqinisekiswe.Ukushisa kwe-gelation yesisombululo kuncipha ngokuhambelana nokunyuka koxinzelelo lwesisombululo, kwaye i-gelation yenzeke kwindawo yokushisa emva kokufikelela kugxininiso oluthile.I-HPMC inoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwe-gelation kwiqondo lobushushu begumbi.
Ukuhambelana kungalungiswa kwakhona ngokukhetha ubungakanani be-particle kunye ne-cellulose ethers kunye nemigangatho eyahlukeneyo yokuguqulwa.Oku kuthiwa ukuguqulwa kukuqaliswa kweqela le-hydroxyl alkyl kwinqanaba elithile lokutshintshwa kwisakhiwo samathambo e-MC.Ngokuguqula amaxabiso ahambelanayo atshintshileyo atshintshiweyo amabini, oko kukuthi, i-DS kunye ne-MS imilinganiselo ehambelanayo yokutshintshwa kwamaqela e-methoxy kunye ne-hydroxyl.Iipropati ezahlukeneyo ze-cellulose ether ziyafuneka ngokuguqula amaxabiso ahambelanayo ahambelanayo weentlobo ezimbini zezinto ezibambeleyo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kokuhambelana kunye nokuguqulwa: ukongezwa kwe-cellulose ether kuchaphazela ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi omdaka, kunye nokutshintsha umlinganiselo we-binder wamanzi wamanzi kunye ne-samente, okuyimpembelelo yokuqina.Ukuphakama kwedosi, kokukhona ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi.
I-cellulose ethers esetyenziswe kwizinto zokwakha ze powdery kufuneka ichithe ngokukhawuleza emanzini abandayo kwaye inikeze ukuhambelana okufanelekileyo kwinkqubo.Ukuba umlinganiselo wokucheba onikiweyo usagungxuleka kwaye i-colloidal yimveliso ekumgangatho ophantsi okanye ekumgangatho ophantsi.
Kukwakho unxulumano oluhle lomgca phakathi kokungaguquguquki kodaka lwesamente kunye nethamo leselulosi etha, i-ether eselulosi inokunyusa kakhulu i-viscosity yodaka, okukhona idosi iphezulu, kokukhona isiphumo sicace ngakumbi.I-cellulose ether isisombululo samanzi kunye ne-viscosity ephezulu ine-thixotropy ephezulu, enye yeempawu ze-cellulose ether.Izisombululo ezimanzi zohlobo lwe-MC zepolymers zihlala zine-pseudoplastic, non-thixotropic fluidity ngaphantsi kobushushu bejeli yazo, kodwa iipropathi ezihamba ngeNewtonian kumazinga aphantsi okucheba.I-Pseudoplasticity iyanda ngokunyuka kobunzima bemolekyuli okanye ukuxinwa kwe-cellulose ether kwaye izimeleyo kuhlobo olubambekayo kunye nesidanga.Ngoko ke, i-cellulose ethers yebakala elifanayo le-viscosity, nokuba i-MC, i-HPMC okanye i-HEMC, ihlala ibonisa iimpawu ezifanayo ze-rheological nje ukuba ugxininiso kunye nobushushu buhlala buhlala.Xa izinga lokushisa linyuka, i-gel yesakhiwo yenziwa kwaye ukuhamba okuphezulu kwe-thixotropic kwenzeka.I-cellulose ethers ene-concentration ephezulu kunye ne-viscosity ephantsi ibonisa i-thixotropy nangaphantsi kobushushu be-gel.Lo mhlaba unenzuzo enkulu kulwakhiwo lodaka lwesakhiwo ukulungisa ukuhamba nokuhamba kwepropati ejingayo.Kufuneka kucaciswe apha ukuba i-viscosity ephezulu ye-ether ye-cellulose, ngcono ukugcinwa kwamanzi, kodwa i-viscosity ephezulu, iphezulu ubunzima bemolekyuli ye-cellulose ether, ukucutha okuhambelanayo kokunyibilika kwayo, okunempembelelo embi Ugxininiso lodaka kunye nokusebenza kolwakhiwo.Okukhona i-viscosity iphezulu, kokukhona kucaca ngakumbi ukutyeba kodaka, kodwa ayilulo ubudlelwane obupheleleyo.Enye i-viscosity ephantsi, kodwa i-ether ye-cellulose eguqulwayo ekuphuculeni amandla esakhiwo sodaka olumanzi lunomsebenzi ogqwesileyo ngakumbi, ngokunyuka kwe-viscosity, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-cellulose ether kuphuculwe.
I-cellulose ether retardation: i-cellulose ether indima yesithathu kukulibazisa inkqubo yokufakwa kwesamente.I-Cellulose ether inika udaka oluneepropathi ezininzi eziluncedo, kodwa ikwanciphisa ukukhutshwa kobushushu besamente kwangethuba, ilibazisa inkqubo yesamente eguquguqukayo.Oku kungafanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kodaka kwiindawo ezibandayo.Olu hlobo lwesiphumo sokunciphisa i-cellulose ether molecule adsorption kwi-CSH kunye ne-Ca (OH) iimveliso ze-hydration ezi-2 ezibangelwa, ngenxa yokwanda kwe-viscosity yesisombululo se-pore, i-ether ye-cellulose inciphisa umsebenzi we-ion kwisisombululo, ngaloo ndlela ilibazisa inkqubo yokucoca.Ukuphakama koxinaniso lwe-cellulose ether kwizinto zejeli yamaminerali, kokukhona kubonakala ngakumbi umphumo wokulibaziseka kwe-hydration.I-ether ye-cellulose ayilibazisi nje ukubeka, kodwa kunye nenkqubo yokuqina kwenkqubo yodaka lwesamente.Umphumo wokunciphisa i-cellulose ether ayixhomekanga kuphela ekugxininiseni kwayo kwinkqubo ye-gel mineral, kodwa nakwisakhiwo samachiza.Ukuphakama kweqondo le-HEMC methylation, ngcono isiphumo sokubuyiswa kwe-cellulose ether.Isiphumo esibambekayo sokutshintshwa kwe-hydrophilic sinamandla kunokutshintsha kwamanzi.Kodwa i-viscosity ye-cellulose ether inempembelelo encinci kwi-hydration kinetics yesamente.
Ngokunyuka komxholo we-cellulose ether, ixesha lokumisela udaka landa kakhulu.Ixesha lokuqala lokumisela lodaka linomnxibelelaniso womgca olungileyo kunye nomxholo we-cellulose ether, kwaye ixesha lokugqibela lokumisela linolungelelwaniso olulungileyo lomgca kunye nomxholo we-cellulose ether.Sinokulawula ixesha lokusebenza kodaka ngokutshintsha idosi ye-cellulose ether.
Ukushwankathela, kwi-mortar edibeneyo edibeneyo, i-cellulose ether idlala indima yokugcina amanzi, ukuqina, ukulibazisa amandla e-cement hydration, ukuphucula ukusebenza kokwakhiwa.Ukwazi ukugcina amanzi kakuhle kwenza i-cement hydration iphelele ngakumbi, inokuphucula i-viscosity emanzi yodaka olumanzi, ukuphucula amandla okubopha udaka, ixesha elihlengahlengiswayo.Ukongeza i-cellulose ether kumatshini wokutshiza udaka kunokuphucula ukutshiza okanye ukumpompa ukusebenza kunye namandla okwakhiwa kodaka.Ngoko ke, i-cellulose ether isetyenziswa ngokubanzi njengesongezo esibalulekileyo kwi-mortar edibeneyo.
Ixesha lokuposa: Dec-17-2021