Ngaba ukugrumba udaka kunye nolwelo lokugrumba kuyafana?

Ukuqonda Ulwelo Lokwemba

Ulwelo lokugrumba, olukwaziwa njengodaka lokwemba, lusebenza njengento esebenza izinto ezininzi ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yokomba kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanya i-oyile negesi, i-geothermal, kunye nemigodi.Eyona njongo yayo iphambili kukuncedisa ekugrumbeni amaqula, ukugcina uzinzo, ukupholisa kunye nokuthambisa i-drill bit, ukuhambisa i-drill cuttings ukuya phezulu, kunye nokuthintela umonakalo wokwakheka.Ulwelo lokwemba ngumxube ontsonkothileyo oquka amacandelo ahlukeneyo alungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezithile zokomba.

Amacandelo olwelo loKwemba:

I-Base Fluid: Ulwelo olusisiseko lwenza isiseko se-drilling fluid kwaye ingaba ngamanzi, ioli, okanye i-synthetic-based based, kuxhomekeke kwiimeko zokugaya kunye nemimiselo yokusingqongileyo.Ulwelo olusekelwe kumanzi lusetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo ngenxa yeendleko-zokusebenza kunye nobuhlobo bendalo.

Izongezo: Izongezo zifakwe kulwelo lokomba ukuze kuphuculwe ukusebenza kwawo kunye nokujongana nemingeni ethile ekuhlangatyenwe nayo ngexesha lokomba.Ezi zongezo ziquka i-viscosifiers, ii-agent zokulawula ukuhluza, i-lubricants, i-shale inhibitors, i-agent yokulinganisa, kunye ne-agent yokulawula ukulahleka kwamanzi.

Izinto zokulinganisa: Izinto zokulinganisa, ezifana ne-barite okanye i-hematite, zongezwa ukwandisa ubuninzi be-drilling fluid, eyenza ukuba ikhuphe uxinzelelo olwaneleyo lokuchasana noxinzelelo lokubunjwa olujongene nobunzulu.

I-Rheology Modifiers: I-Rheology modifiers ilawula iipropathi zokuhamba kolwelo lokomba, ukuqinisekisa ukunqunyanyiswa okwaneleyo kokusikwa kwe-drill kunye nokuthutha okusebenzayo ukuya phezulu.I-rheology modifiers eziqhelekileyo ziquka i-bentonite, iipolymers, kunye ne-xanthan gum.

I-Corrosion Inhibitors: Ii-Corrosion inhibitors zifakwe ukuze zikhusele izixhobo zokomba kunye namalungu e-downhole kwizinto eziphazamisayo ezikhoyo kumanzi okwenziwa.

I-Biocides: I-Biocides ikhusela ukukhula kwebhaktheriya kunye ne-microorganisms ngaphakathi kolwelo lokomba, ukunciphisa umngcipheko we-microbiologically incorrosion (MIC) kunye nokugcina uzinzo lolwelo.

Ukwahlula Udaka Lokugrumba kuLwalwelo lokuNyonjwa

Ngelixa ukugrumba udaka kunye nolwelo lokomba luhlala lusetyenziswa ngokutshintshanayo, ezinye iingcali zenza umahluko phakathi kwala magama mabini ngokusekwe kwiipropathi kunye nezicelo zabo.

Ukugrumba udaka: Ngokwemveli, ukugrumba udaka kubhekisa ngokuthe ngqo kulwelo olusekwe kwi-oyile.Ukugrumba udaka ngokuqhelekileyo kuqulethe ulwelo olusisiseko oluqulunqwe ziimveliso zepetroleum ezisulungekileyo okanye ii-oyile zokwenziwa.Udaka olusekwe kwi-oyile lubonelela ngezinto eziluncedo ezinje ngokuphucuka kokuthambisa, ukuzinza okuphezulu kobushushu, kunye nozinzo oluphuculweyo lwequla kwizinto ezithile.

I-Drilling Fluid: Ngokwahlukileyo, i-drilling fluid iquka udidi olubanzi olubandakanya ulwakhiwo olusekwe emanzini kunye ne-oyile, kunye ne-synthetic-based fluids.Ulwelo lokomba olusekelwe emanzini, olubandakanya uninzi lwemisebenzi yokomba, luhlala lubizwa ngokuba lulwelo lokugrumba.Ulwelo olusekelwe emanzini luyakhethwa kwiimeko ezininzi zokomba ngenxa yokuhambelana kwazo kwendalo, ixabiso eliphantsi, kunye nokulula ukulahla.

Izicelo kunye nemingeni

Usetyenziso:

Ukugrunjwa okuPhononongayo: Ulwelo lokugrumba ludlala indima ebalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yokuhlola yokugrumba, apho eyona njongo iphambili ikukuhlola i-geology engaphantsi komhlaba kwaye kuchongwe amadama anokubakho e-hydrocarbon.

Ulwakhiwo lwequla: Ngexesha lokwakhiwa kwequla, ulwelo lokomba lunceda ukuzinzisa umthombo, ukulawula uxinzelelo lokwakheka, kunye nokuququzelela ukufakelwa kwe-casing kunye nesamente.

UVavanyo loLwakhiwo: Ulwelo lokomba luvumela ukufunyanwa kweesampulu ezingundoqo kunye nokuququzelela iindlela ezahlukeneyo zokuvavanya ukuqulunqa, kubandakanya ukugawulwa kwemithi kunye novavanyo.

Imingeni:

Inkxalabo yokusiNgqongileyo: Ukulahlwa kolwelo lokomba kubangela imingeni yokusingqongileyo, ngakumbi kwimisebenzi yokomba ngaphandle konxweme apho imimiselo engqongqo ilawula ukukhutshelwa kwimekobume yaselwandle.

Ukonakaliswa koLwakhiwo: Ulwelo lokugrumba olungacwangciswanga ngendlela engafanelekanga lunokubangela umonakalo wokwakheka, ukuphazamisa ukusebenza kakuhle komthombo kunye nokuphila ixesha elide.Ukulawula ukubunjwa kolwelo kunye neempawu zokucoca kubalulekile ukunciphisa lo mngcipheko.

Ukulahleka kwe-Fluid: Ukulahleka kolwelo, okanye ukungena kwi-drilling fluid ekubunjweni, kunokukhokelela ekungazinzini kwe-wellbore, ukulahleka kokujikeleza, kunye nokunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle.Ukubandakanya ii-agent ezisebenzayo zokulawula ilahleko yolwelo kubalulekile ukulungisa lo mba.

ngelixa amagama athi "udaka lokubhoboza" kunye "ne-drilling fluid" ehlala esetyenziswa ngokutshintshisanayo, angabhekisela kwiindlela ezahlukeneyo kunye nokusetyenziswa ngaphakathi komongo wemisebenzi yokomba.Ulwelo lokugrunjwa lusebenza njengento eguqukayo ebalulekileyo ekugrunjweni kwamaqula, kubonelela ngemisebenzi efana nokuthambisa, ukuthuthwa kokusika, kunye nokuzinza kwequla.Ingaba isiseko samanzi, i-oyile-based, okanye i-synthetic, ukubunjwa kwe-drilling fluid ilungiselelwe ukuhlangabezana nemingeni ethile yokugaya ngelixa ihambelana nemimiselo yokusingqongileyo.Ngokuqonda ubucukubhede bokubumba ulwelo kunye nokuziphatha, iinjineli zokomba kunye nabaqhubi banokunyusa ukusebenza kokomba ngelixa kuncitshiswa impembelelo yokusingqongileyo kunye nokuqinisekisa imfezeko kakuhle.