Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati yo kugabanya amazi nogukoresha amazi meza cyane?

Kugabanya amazi (WRA) hamwe na superplasticizers ni imiti ivanga imiti ivangwa na beto kugirango itezimbere imikorere yayo kandi igabanye amazi bitagize ingaruka kumbaraga zanyuma.Muri ibi bisobanuro birambuye, tuzareba byimbitse itandukaniro riri hagati yubwoko bubiri bwinyongera, dushakisha ibiyigize, uburyo bwibikorwa, inyungu, nibisabwa mubikorwa byubwubatsi.

A.1.Umukozi ugabanya amazi (WRA):

Kugabanya amazi, bizwi kandi nka plasitike cyangwa kugabanya amazi, ni imiti ivura igamije kugabanya amazi asabwa mu ruvange rwa beto itagize ingaruka mbi ku miterere yayo.Izi mikorere ahanini zikora nka dispersants, zorohereza ikwirakwizwa rya sima no guteza imbere amazi meza.Intego nyamukuru ya WRA nugutezimbere imikorere ya beto mukugabanya igipimo cyamazi-sima, gishobora kuganisha ku nyungu zitandukanye mugihe cyo kubaka.

2. Imirimo:

Ubusanzwe WRA ni ibinyabuzima kama nka lignosulfonates, sulfonated melamine formaldehyde (SMF), sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF), na ether polycarboxylate (PCE).
Lignosulfonate ikomoka ku mbaho ​​kandi ni bumwe mu bwoko bwambere bwo kugabanya amazi.
SMF na SNF ni polymrike ya synthique ikoreshwa cyane muruganda.
PCE ni WRA igezweho izwiho gukora neza no guhuza byinshi.

3. Uburyo bwibikorwa:

Ubwo buryo bukubiyemo kwinjiza amazi agabanya hejuru ya sima, bigatuma ibyo bice bitatana.
Uku gutatanya kugabanya imbaraga zinyuranye, bikavamo amazi meza no gukora neza bivanze.

4.Inyungu:

Itezimbere imikorere: WRA yongerera urujya n'uruza rwa beto, byoroshye gushyira no kurangiza.
Kugabanya Ibirungo: Mugabanye igipimo cyamazi-sima, WRA ifasha kongera imbaraga nigihe kirekire cya beto ikomeye.
Guhuza neza: Ingaruka zo gukwirakwiza WRA zitezimbere uburinganire bwimvange, bityo bikazamura ubumwe kandi bikagabanya amacakubiri.

5.Gusaba:

WRA irashobora gukoreshwa mubwubatsi butandukanye burimo imishinga yo guturamo, ubucuruzi nibikorwa remezo.
Zifite akamaro cyane cyane aho gukora cyane hamwe nubushuhe buke ni ngombwa.

B.1.Igikoresho cyo kugabanya amazi meza cyane:

Ibidasanzwe, bikunze kwitwa superplasticizers, byerekana icyiciro cyateye imbere kandi cyiza murwego rwagutse rwa superplasticizers.Izi nyongeramusaruro zitanga ubushobozi buhanitse bwo kugabanya amazi mugihe kubungabunga cyangwa kuzamura ibindi bintu bifuza bya beto.

2. Imirimo:

Kugabanya amazi meza cyane arimo polycarboxylate ethers (PCE) hamwe na sulfonate ya polinaphthalene yahinduwe.
PCE izwiho igishushanyo mbonera cyemerera kugenzura neza gutatanya no kugabanya amazi.

3. Uburyo bwibikorwa:

Kimwe na superplasticizers gakondo, superplasticizers ikora mukwamamaza ibice bya sima kandi bigatera gutatana.
Imiterere ya molekulire ya PCE ituma igenzurwa ryinshi kandi ryoroshye mugushikira ibikorwa byifuzwa.

4.Inyungu:

Kugabanya Amazi meza: WRAs ikora neza irashobora kugabanya cyane amazi, akenshi ikarenga ubushobozi bwa WRA isanzwe.
Kongera imbaraga zo gukora: Izi mikorere zifite ibintu byiza byogutemba kandi birakwiriye gukoreshwa mugukora-beto yonyine hamwe nibindi bikorwa bisaba gukora cyane.
Kunoza kugumya gusinzira: Bimwe mubikorwa byiza bya WRAs birashobora kwagura kugumya, bityo bikongerera igihe cyo gukora bitagize ingaruka kumikorere ifatika.

5.Gusaba:

Superplasticizers irashobora gukoreshwa mubikorwa bitandukanye, harimo imbaraga-zidasanzwe, beto-yonyine, hamwe nimishinga ifite ibisabwa biramba.

C. Itandukaniro nyamukuru:

1. Gukora neza:

Itandukaniro nyamukuru nuburyo bwo kugabanya amazi.Amashanyarazi meza cyane arashobora kugabanya ibirimo amazi cyane kuruta kuvugurura amazi gakondo.

Igishushanyo mbonera:

WRAs ikora neza cyane cyane PCEs, ifite ibishushanyo mbonera bya molekuline byemerera kugenzura neza ingaruka zitatanye.

3. Gukora no kugumana:

Ubushobozi buhanitse WRA muri rusange ifite imikorere myiza nubushobozi bwo kugumana, bigatuma ikwirakwira mugari mugari.

4. Igiciro:

Gukora neza cyane WRA irashobora kuba ihenze kuruta WRA gakondo, ariko imikorere yayo isobanura neza imikoreshereze yayo mumishinga yihariye isaba imikorere yiterambere.

Kugabanya amazi hamwe na superplasticizers bigira uruhare runini mugutezimbere ibipimo bifatika.Mugihe WRA isanzwe ikoreshwa neza mumyaka myinshi, WRAs ikora neza, cyane cyane PCEs, igaragaza igisubizo cyateye imbere gitanga ubushobozi bwo kugabanya amazi meza hamwe nibikorwa biranga imikorere.Guhitamo byombi biterwa nibisabwa byihariye byumushinga wubwubatsi hamwe nuburinganire bwifuzwa hagati yikiguzi nigikorwa.