HEC yo gucukura peteroli

Hydroxyethyl selulose (HEC) ikoreshwa cyane mubice byinshi byinganda kubera ibyiza byayo byo kubyimba, guhagarika, gutatanya no kubika amazi. By'umwihariko mu murima wa peteroli, HEC yakoreshejwe mugucukura, kurangiza, gukora no kuvunika, cyane cyane kubyimbye muri brine, no mubindi bikorwa byinshi byihariye.

HECimitungo yo gukoresha imirima ya peteroli

(1) Kwihanganira umunyu:

HEC ifite kwihanganira umunyu mwiza kuri electrolytike. Kubera ko HEC ari ibikoresho bitari ionic, ntibizaba ioni mu mazi y’amazi kandi ntibizatanga ibisigisigi by’imvura bitewe n’uko imyunyu myinshi iba muri sisitemu, bikavamo guhinduka kwijimye.

HEC yongerera ingufu nyinshi za monovalent hamwe na elegitoronike ya electrolyte, mugihe uhuza fibre ya anionic nka CMC itanga umunyu mubyuma bimwe na bimwe. Mubikorwa bya peteroli, HEC ntabwo ihindurwa rwose nubukomere bwamazi hamwe nubunyu bwumunyu ndetse irashobora no kubyimba amazi aremereye arimo intungamubiri nyinshi za zinc na calcium ion. Gusa aluminium sulfate irashobora kugusha. Ingaruka yibyibushye ya HEC mumazi meza kandi yuzuye NaCl, CaCl2 na ZnBr2CaBr2 electrolyte iremereye.

Uku kwihanganira umunyu biha HEC amahirwe yo kugira uruhare runini muri iri terambere ryimbere ndetse no hanze.

(2) Ubushuhe nigipimo cyogosha:

Amazi ashonga HEC ashonga mumazi ashyushye nubukonje, atanga ubwiza kandi akora plastiki mpimbano. Igisubizo cyacyo cyamazi nikigaragara hejuru kandi gikunda gukora ifuro. Igisubizo cyibiciriritse kandi binini cyane HEC ikoreshwa mubutaka bwa peteroli muri rusange ntabwo ari Newtonian, yerekana urugero rwinshi rwa pseudoplastique, kandi ubwiza bwatewe nigipimo cyogosha. Ku gipimo gito cyo kogosha, molekile ya HEC itunganijwe ku buryo butunguranye, bikavamo urunigi runyeganyega hamwe n’ubukonje bwinshi, ibyo bikaba biteza imbere ubukonje: ku gipimo cyinshi cy’imisatsi, molekile zerekeza ku cyerekezo cy’imigezi, bikagabanya ubukana bw’imigezi, kandi ubukonje bukagabanuka no kwiyongera kw'igipimo cy’imisatsi.

Binyuze mu bushakashatsi bwinshi, Union Carbide (UCC) yanzuye ko imyitwarire ya rheologiya yo gucukura amazi idafite umurongo kandi ishobora kugaragazwa n amategeko agenga ingufu:

Guhagarika umutima = K (igipimo cyogosha) n

Aho, n nuburyo bwiza bwibisubizo byigisubizo ku gipimo gito (1s-1).

N iringaniza muburyo bwo gukata. .

Mubuhanga bwibyondo, k na n nibyingenzi muguharura neza amazi meza mugihe cyo hasi. Isosiyete yashyizeho indangagaciro za k na n mugihe HEC (4400cps) yakoreshejwe nkigice cyo gucukura (imbonerahamwe 2). Iyi mbonerahamwe ikoreshwa muburyo bwose bwibisubizo bya HEC mumazi meza nu munyu (0,92kg / 1 nacL). Kuva kuri iyi mbonerahamwe, indangagaciro zijyanye no hagati (100-200rpm) hamwe no hasi (15-30rpm) igipimo cyogosha kirashobora kuboneka.

Ikoreshwa rya HEC mu murima wa peteroli

(1) Gutobora amazi

HEC yongeyeho amazi yo gucukura akoreshwa muburyo bwo gucukura amabuye akomeye no mubihe bidasanzwe nko gukwirakwiza amazi gutakaza amazi, gutakaza amazi menshi, umuvuduko udasanzwe, hamwe na shale idahwanye. Ibisubizo byo gusaba nabyo nibyiza mugucukura no gucukura umwobo munini.

Bitewe no kubyimba, guhagarika no gusiga amavuta, HEC irashobora gukoreshwa mugucukura ibyondo kugirango ikonje ibyuma no gucukura, kandi izane udukoko twangiza hejuru, bitezimbere ubushobozi bwo gutwara urutare. Yakoreshejwe mu murima wa Shengli nka borehole ikwirakwiza no gutwara amazi afite ingaruka zidasanzwe kandi yashyizwe mubikorwa. Mu mwobo, iyo uhuye nigipimo kinini cyane cyogosha, kubera imyitwarire idasanzwe ya rheologiya ya HEC, ubwiza bwamazi yo gucukura burashobora kuba hafi yubukonje bwamazi. Ku ruhande rumwe, igipimo cyo gucukura cyatejwe imbere, kandi biti ntibyoroshye gushyuha, kandi ubuzima bwa serivisi bwa bito buraramba. Ku rundi ruhande, ibyobo byacukuwe birasukuye kandi bifite uburyo bworoshye. Cyane cyane muburyo bukomeye bwibuye, iyi ngaruka iragaragara cyane, irashobora kubika ibikoresho byinshi. .

Muri rusange abantu bemeza ko imbaraga zisabwa mu gucukura amazi atembera ku gipimo runaka ahanini ziterwa n’ubukonje bw’amazi yo gucukura, kandi gukoresha amazi yo gucukura HEC bishobora kugabanya cyane umuvuduko wa hydrodinamike, bityo bikagabanya umuvuduko wa pompe. Rero, ibyiyumvo byo gutakaza umuvuduko nabyo biragabanuka. Mubyongeyeho, itangiriro ryumuriro rirashobora kugabanuka mugihe uruzinduko rusubukuwe nyuma yo guhagarika.

HEC ya potasiyumu ya chloride ya HEC yakoreshejwe nk'amazi yo gucukura kugirango ituze neza. Imiterere idahwitse ikorwa muburyo butajegajega kugirango byoroherezwe ibisabwa. Amazi yo gucukura arusheho kunoza ubushobozi bwo gutwara urutare no kugabanya gukwirakwizwa.

HEC irashobora kunonosora hamwe no mubisubizo bya electrolyte. Amazi yumunyu arimo sodium ion, calcium ion, chloride ion na bromine ion bikunze kugaragara mumazi yoroheje yo gucukura. Aya mazi yo gucukura yuzuye hamwe na HEC, ashobora gutuma gel ikomera hamwe nubushobozi bwiza bwo guterura viscosity murwego rwumunyu mwinshi hamwe nuburemere bwamaboko yabantu. Irashobora gukumira kwangirika kwakarere kandi ikongera igipimo cyo gucukura no kubyara peteroli.

Gukoresha HEC birashobora kandi kunoza cyane imikorere yo gutakaza amazi yibyondo rusange. Kunoza cyane ituze ryibyondo. HEC irashobora kongerwamo nk'inyongeramusaruro ya saline bentonite idatatanye kugirango igabanye amazi kandi yongere ubukonje butongereye imbaraga za gel. Muri icyo gihe, gukoresha HEC mu gucukura ibyondo birashobora gukuraho ikwirakwizwa ryibumba kandi bikarinda gusenyuka neza. Gukora umwuma bidindiza umuvuduko wamazi wa shale yicyondo kurukuta rwa borehole, kandi ingaruka zo gutwikira urunigi rurerure rwa HEC kurutare rwa borehole rukomeza urutare kandi bikagorana guhumeka no gutemba, bikaviramo gusenyuka. Mubice byinshi byinjira, inyongeramusaruro zamazi nka calcium karubone, kariside yatoranijwe ya hydrocarubone cyangwa ibinyampeke byumunyu byamazi bishobora kuba ingirakamaro, ariko mubihe bikabije, kwibanda cyane kumuti wo gutakaza amazi (nukuvuga muri buri barrale yumuti) irashobora gukoreshwa

HEC 1.3-3.2kg) kugirango wirinde gutakaza amazi muri zone yumusaruro.

HEC irashobora kandi gukoreshwa nka gel yo gukingira idasembuye mugucukura ibyondo kugirango bivurwe neza no kumuvuduko mwinshi (umuvuduko wikirere 200) no gupima ubushyuhe.

Ibyiza byo gukoresha HEC nuko gucukura no kurangiza bishobora gukoresha icyondo kimwe, kugabanya kwishingikiriza kubandi batatanye, diluents hamwe nubugenzuzi bwa PH, gutunganya amazi no kubika biroroshye cyane.

(2.) Amazi yamenetse:

Mu mazi yamenetse, HEC irashobora kuzamura ubukonje, kandi HEC ubwayo nta ngaruka igira ku mavuta, ntishobora guhagarika glume yamenetse, irashobora kuvunika neza. Ifite kandi ibiranga amazi ashingiye kumazi asukuye, nkubushobozi bukomeye bwo guhagarika umucanga no kurwanya ubukana buke. 0.1-1% ivangwa n’amazi-alcool, yongerewe na HEC nindi myunyu iyode nka potasiyumu, sodium na gurş, yatewe mu iriba ry’amavuta ku muvuduko mwinshi wo kuvunika, maze umuvuduko ugaruka mu masaha 48. Amazi yamenetse ashingiye kumazi yakozwe na HEC mubyukuri ntagisigara nyuma yo kuyungurura, cyane cyane mubice bifite ubushobozi buke budashobora kuvomwa ibisigazwa. Mu bihe bya alkaline, uruganda rukora hamwe na chloride ya manganese, chloride y'umuringa, nitrate y'umuringa, sulfate y'umuringa hamwe na dichromate, kandi ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gutwara ibintu bitwara amazi yamenetse. Imikoreshereze ya HEC irashobora kwirinda gutakaza ubukonje bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru bwo hasi, kuvunika agace ka peteroli, kandi bigakomeza kugera kubisubizo byiza muri Wells irenga 371 C. Mubihe byo hasi, HEC ntabwo byoroshye kubora no kwangirika, kandi ibisigara ni bike, ntabwo rero ahanini izahagarika inzira ya peteroli, bikaviramo umwanda wubutaka. Kubijyanye nimikorere, nibyiza cyane kuruta ibisanzwe bikoreshwa mugucika, nkintore zo murwego. Phillips Petroleum kandi yagereranije ibice bya selile ya selile nka carboxymethyl selulose, carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl selulose, hydroxyethyl selulose, hydroxypropyl selulose na methyl selulose, maze ifata umwanzuro ko HEC ariwo muti mwiza.

Nyuma y’amazi yamenetse hamwe na 0,6% y’amazi yibanze ya HEC hamwe n’umuringa wa sulfate w’umuringa wakoreshejwe mu murima wa peteroli wa Daqing mu Bushinwa, hanzuwe ko ugereranije n’ibindi bintu bifatika, gukoresha HEC mu kuvunika amazi bifite ibyiza bya “(1) amazi yibanze ntabwo byoroshye kubora nyuma yo gutegurwa, kandi birashobora gushyirwa mugihe kirekire; (2) ibisigara biri hasi. Kandi icya nyuma nurufunguzo rwa HEC gukoreshwa cyane mumavuta yamenetse mumahanga.

(3.) Kurangiza no gukora:

Amazi make ya HEC yuzuye arangiza ibice byibyondo guhagarika umwanya wikigega cyegereye ikigega. Ibintu byo gutakaza amazi nabyo birinda amazi menshi kwinjira mu kigega kiva mucyondo kugirango ubushobozi bwikigega butange umusaruro.

HEC igabanya gukurura ibyondo, igabanya umuvuduko wa pompe kandi igabanya gukoresha ingufu. Ubwiza bwumunyu mwinshi kandi buremeza ko nta mvura igwa iyo acide amavuta Iriba.

Mu kurangiza no gutabara ibikorwa, ubwiza bwa HEC bukoreshwa mu kwimura amabuye. Ongeramo 0.5-1kg HEC kuri barrale y'amazi akora irashobora gutwara amabuye na kaburimbo biva mu mwobo, bikavamo imiyoboro myiza ya radiyo kandi ndende. Gukuraho gukurikira polymer byoroshya cyane inzira yo gukuraho akazi no kurangiza amazi. Mubihe bidasanzwe, ibihe byo kumanuka bisaba ingamba zo gukosora kugirango wirinde ibyondo gusubira kumariba mugihe cyo gucukura no gukora no gukwirakwiza amazi. Muri iki gihe, igisubizo cyibanze cyane cya HEC kirashobora gukoreshwa mugutera vuba 1.3-3.2kg ya HEC kuri buri barrale yamanuka. Byongeye kandi, mubihe bikabije, hafi 23kg ya HEC irashobora gushyirwa muri buri barri ya mazutu hanyuma ikamanikwa munsi yacyo, ikayihindura buhoro buhoro kuko ivanze namazi yigitare mu mwobo.

Ubucucike bwumusenyi wuzuyemo milidarcy 500 yumuti wa 0. 68 kg HEC kuri buri barrale irashobora gusubizwa hejuru ya 90% na acide hamwe na aside hydrochloric. Byongeye kandi, amazi ya HEC yuzuye arimo karisiyumu ya calcium, yakozwe kuva 136ppm y’amazi akomeye yo mu nyanja akuze, yagaruye 98% by’igipimo cy’umwimerere nyuma y’uko agatsima kayunguruzo kavanywe hejuru y’ibintu byungururwa na aside.