Polyanionic cellulose (PAC) ndi polima wosungunuka m'madzi yemwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'makampani amafuta ndi gasi ngati chowonjezera chobowola madzimadzi.PAC ndi yochokera ku cellulose, yomwe ndi gawo lalikulu la makoma a cellulose.PAC ndiyothandiza kwambiri pakuwongolera mawonekedwe amadzimadzi obowola, monga kukhuthala, kuwongolera kutaya kwamadzimadzi, komanso kuyimitsidwa.Nkhaniyi ifotokoza za katundu, ntchito, ndi maubwino a PAC pamadzi obowola mafuta.

Makhalidwe a Polyanionic Cellulose

PAC ndi polima yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imachokera ku cellulose.Ndi mankhwala olemera kwambiri omwe ali ndi magulu a carboxymethyl ndi hydroxyl.Digiri ya m'malo (DS) ya PAC imatanthawuza kuchuluka kwa magulu a carboxymethyl pagawo la anhydroglucose la msana wa cellulose.Mtengo wa DS ndi gawo lofunikira lomwe limakhudza zinthu za PAC, monga kusungunuka kwake, kukhuthala kwake, komanso kukhazikika kwamafuta.

PAC ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amalola kuti igwirizane ndi mamolekyu amadzi ndi ma polima ena mumadzi obowola.Mamolekyu a PAC amapanga maukonde amitundu itatu a ma hydrogen bond ndi ma electrostatic interactions ndi mamolekyu amadzi ndi zowonjezera zina za polymeric, monga xanthan chingamu kapena guar chingamu.Kapangidwe ka netiweki kameneka kamapangitsa kukhuthala komanso kumeta ubweya wamadzimadzi obowola, omwe ndi ofunikira pakubowola koyenera.

Kugwiritsa ntchito Polyanionic Cellulose

PAC ndi polima yosunthika yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito m'makina osiyanasiyana obowola madzi, monga matope okhala ndi madzi, matope opangidwa ndi mafuta, ndi matope opangira.PAC imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'matope okhala ndi madzi chifukwa cha kusungunuka kwake kwamadzi komanso kumagwirizana ndi zina zowonjezera.PAC imawonjezedwa kumadzi obowola pamiyeso yoyambira 0.1% mpaka 1.0% polemera, kutengera momwe kubowola ndi zolinga zake.

PAC imagwiritsidwa ntchito pobowola madzi pazinthu zingapo, kuphatikiza:

1. Viscosification: PAC imawonjezera kukhuthala kwamadzi obowola, omwe amathandiza kuyimitsa ndikunyamula zodulidwa ndi zolimba zina kuchokera pachitsime.PAC imathandizanso kusunga kukhulupirika kwa chitsime popewa kutaya madzimadzi m'mipangidwe yotheka.
2. Kuwongolera kutayika kwamadzi: PAC imagwira ntchito ngati chowongolera kuti madzi asatayike popanga keke yopyapyala, yosalowetsedwa pakhoma la borehole.Keke ya fyulutayi imalepheretsa kutaya kwa madzi obowola mu mapangidwe, zomwe zingayambitse kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe ndi kuchepetsa mphamvu ya ntchito zobowola.
3. Kuletsa kwa shale: PAC ili ndi mawonekedwe apadera omwe amalola kuti azitha kukopa mchere wadongo ndi mapangidwe a shale.Kutsatsa uku kumachepetsa kutupa ndi kubalalitsidwa kwa mapangidwe a shale, zomwe zingayambitse kusakhazikika kwa chitsime ndi zovuta zina zoboola.

Ubwino wa Polyanionic Cellulose

PAC imapereka maubwino angapo pakubowola, kuphatikiza:

1. Kuchita bwino pakubowola: PAC imakulitsa mawonekedwe amadzi akubowola, monga kukhuthala komanso kuwongolera kutaya kwamadzi.Izi zimathandizira kuti ntchito yobowola ikhale yabwino pochepetsa nthawi ndi ndalama zomwe zimafunikira pakubowola chitsime.
2. Chitetezo cha mapangidwe: PAC imathandizira kusunga kukhulupirika kwa chitsime popewa kutaya madzimadzi ndikuchepetsa kuwonongeka kwa mapangidwe.Izi zimateteza mapangidwewo komanso zimachepetsa chiopsezo cha kusakhazikika kwa chitsime ndi zovuta zina zoboola.
3. Kugwirizana kwa chilengedwe: PAC ndi polima yosungunuka m'madzi yomwe imatha kuwonongeka komanso yogwirizana ndi chilengedwe.Izi zimapangitsa kukhala chowonjezera chokonda pakubowola madzi m'malo omwe amakhudzidwa ndi chilengedwe.

Mapeto

Polyanionic cellulose ndiwowonjezera wothandiza kwambiri mumadzi obowola mafuta chifukwa cha mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso magwiridwe antchito osiyanasiyana.PAC imakulitsa mawonekedwe amadzimadzi obowola, imathandizira kubowola bwino, ndikuteteza mapangidwe kuti asawonongeke.PAC imagwirizananso ndi chilengedwe ndipo imakondedwa m'malo ovuta.Kugwiritsa ntchito PAC pobowola madzi akuyembekezeredwa kupitiliza kukula mtsogolomo pomwe makampani amafuta ndi gasi akupitilizabe kufunafuna ukadaulo watsopano wobowola komanso njira zowonjezerera kupanga ndikuchepetsa mtengo.