1. Tirohanga Whānui：
He pūhui pūhui tūturu te cellulose ether, ko tōna hanganga matū he polysaccharide macromolecule i ahu mai i te β-glucose anhydrous, ā, kotahi te rōpū hydroxyl tuatahi me ngā rōpū hydroxyl tuarua e rua i runga i ia mowhiti turanga. Mā te whakarerekētanga matū, ka taea te whiwhi i tētahi raupapa o ngā hua cellulose, ā, ko te cellulose ether tētahi o aua mea. Ko te cellulose ether he pūhui pūhui pūhui he hanganga ether i hangaia mai i te cellulose, pērā i te methyl cellulose, te ethyl cellulose, te hydroxyethyl cellulose, te hydroxypropyl cellulose, te carboxymethyl cellulose, me ētahi atu. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whiwhi mā te mahi a te alkali cellulose me te monochloroalkane, te ethylene oxide, te propylene oxide, te waikawa monochloroacetic rānei.
2. Mahi me ngā Āhuatanga：
(1) Ngā āhuatanga āhua
Ko te nuinga o te wā, he mā, he rite ki te miraka te cellulose ether, kāore he kakara, kāore he paitini, he paura muka wai, he ngāwari ki te mimiti i te makuku, ā, ka rewa ki roto i te wai hei colloid mārama, matotoru, pumau.
(2) Te hanganga kiriata me te piri
He nui te awe o te whakaetere o te cellulose ether ki ōna āhuatanga me te mahi, pērā i te wairewatanga, te kaha hanga kiriata, te kaha here me te ātete tote. He kaha miihini teitei te cellulose ether, he ngāwari, he ātete wera me te ātete makariri, ā, he pai te hototahi ki ngā momo kapia me ngā plasticizer, ā, ka taea te whakamahi hei hanga kirihou, kiriata, wanihi, piripiri, rapa me ngā rauemi paninga rongoā, me ētahi atu.
(3) Te wairewatanga
Ka wairewa te Methylcellulose i roto i te wai matao, kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai wera, ā, ka wairewa anō hoki i roto i ētahi whakarewa waro; ka wairewa te methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose i roto i te wai matao, kāore e wairewa i roto i te wai wera me ngā whakarewa waro. Heoi, ina werahia te otinga wai o te methylcellulose me te methylhydroxyethylcellulose, ka puta te methylcellulose me te methylhydroxyethylcellulose. Ka puta te Methylcellulose i te 45-60°C, i te mea ka piki te pāmahana o te methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose etherified kua whakaranua ki te 65-80°C. Ina heke te pāmahana, ka rewa anō te waihanga. Ka wairewa te Hydroxyethyl cellulose me te sodium carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose i roto i te wai i tetahi pāmahana, ā, kāore e wairewa i roto i ngā whakarewa waro.
(4) te whakamātotoru
Ka rewa te cellulose ether i roto i te wai i roto i te āhua colloidal, ā, ko tōna matotoru ka whakawhirinaki ki te nui o te polymerization o te cellulose ether. Kei roto i te otinga ngā macromolecules waikura. Nā te hononga o ngā macromolecules, he rerekē te whanonga rere o ngā otinga i tērā o ngā wai Newtonian, engari he whanonga e rerekē ana me ngā huringa o te kaha kutikuti. Nā te hanganga macromolecular o te cellulose ether, ka tere te piki o te matotoru o te otinga me te pikinga o te kukū, ā, ka tere te heke me te pikinga o te pāmahana.
Tono
(1) Te umanga hinu
Ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana mō te tango hinu, ā, e whakamahia ana hoki mō te hanga paru hei whakanui ake i te matotoru me te whakaiti i te ngaronga wai. Ka taea e ia te ātete i ngā momo parahanga tote wairewa me te whakanui ake i te whakaora hinu. He pai ngā kaihoko maimoatanga paru keri me ngā rauemi mō te whakarite wai whakaoti, he tere teitei te para me te ātete tote, he pai te mahi ārai-konupūmā, he pai te kaha ki te whakanui i te matotoru, ā, he ātete pāmahana (160 ℃). He pai mō te whakarite wai keri mō te wai māori, te wai moana me te wai tote kua mākū. Ka taea te hanga ki roto i ngā wai keri o ngā momo matotoru (103-127g/cm3) i raro i te taumaha o te konupūmā hauota, ā, he matotoru me te iti o te ngaronga wai, he pai ake tōna kaha ki te whakanui i te matotoru me te kaha ki te whakaiti i te ngaronga wai i te hydroxyethyl cellulose, ā, he pai te tāpiringa mō te whakanui ake i te hanga hinu.
Ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose he hua cellulose e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te tukanga tango hinu. E whakamahia ana i roto i te wai keri, te wai whakapiri, te wai pakaru me te whakapai ake i te whakaora hinu, inā koa i roto i te wai keri. Ko tana mahi nui ko te whakaiti i te ngaronga wai me te whakanui ake i te matotoru. E whakamahia ana te Hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) hei whakamaroke paru me te whakaū i roto i te tukanga keri, te whakaoti puna me te whakapiri. Ki te whakatauritea ki te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose me te guar gum, he pai te pānga whakamaroke o te hydroxyethyl cellulose, he kaha te whakatārewatanga onepū, he nui te kaha tote, he pai te ātete wera, he iti te ātete whakaranu, he iti te ngaronga wai, ā, he pakaru te gel. Kua whakamahia whānuitia te poraka, he iti te toenga me ētahi atu āhuatanga.
(2) Te umanga hanga me te peita
Ka taea te whakamahi i te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose hei ārai, hei pupuri wai, hei whakamātotoru me te here mō ngā ranunga moata hanga whare me te moata parai, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei rauemi parai, moata me te whakataurite whenua mō te turanga gypsum me te turanga sima. Ka whakamahia hei mea whakamarara, hei kaihoko pupuri wai me te whakamātotoru. He ranunga moata hanga whare me te parai motuhake i hangaia mai i te carboxymethyl cellulose, ka taea te whakapai ake i te mahi, te pupuri wai me te ātete ki te pakaru o te moata, me te karo i te pakaru me te korenga o te pakitara poraka. I hangaia e Cao Mingqian me ētahi atu he rauemi whakapaipai mata hanga whare e pai ana ki te taiao mai i te methyl cellulose. He māmā, he ma hoki te tukanga whakaputa. Ka taea te whakamahi mō ngā mata pakitara me ngā papa kohatu kounga teitei, ā, ka taea hoki te whakamahi mō te whakapaipai mata o ngā pou me ngā whakamaharatanga.
(3) Te ahumahi matū o ia rā
Ko te konutai carboxymethyl cellulose whakapūmau he mea whakapūmau i te horapa me te whakatārewatanga i roto i ngā hua whakapiri o ngā rauemi mata paura totoka, ā, he mea whakamātotoru, horapa me te whakakotahi i roto i ngā mea whakapaipai wai, i ngā mea whakapūmau rānei. Ka taea te whakamahi hei whakapūmau me te whakapiripiri. Ka whakamahia ngā whakapūmau whakapūmau hei whakapūmau, hei whakamātotoru me hei whakapūmau mō ngā hinu me ngā hopi horoi makawe.Te konutai carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl celluloseka taea te whakamahi hei whakau mō ngā piri o te paraihe niho. He pai ngā āhuatanga thixotropic, e pai ai te hanga o te paraihe niho, he roa te rokiroki me te kore e rerekē te āhua, ā, he rite tonu te reka me te ngawari. He pai ake te ātete ki te tote me te waikawa o te Sodium carboxymethyl hydroxypropyl cellulose, ā, he nui ake tōna pānga i te carboxymethyl cellulose. Ka taea te whakamahi hei whakamātotoru i roto i ngā hopi horoi me te kaihoko ārai-paru. I roto i te hanga hopi horoi, ko te sodium carboxymethylcellulose te nuinga o te wā e whakamahia ana hei whakamarara paru mō te paura horoi, hei whakamātotoru me te whakamarara mō ngā hopi horoi wai.
(4) Te umanga rongoā me te kai
I roto i te umanga rongoā, ka taea te whakamahi i te hydroxypropyl carboxymethylcellulose (HPMC) hei tāpiri rongoā, e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i ngā whakaritenga tukunga ā-waha me te tukunga pumau, hei rauemi aukati tukunga hei whakahaere i te tukunga o ngā rongoā, hei rauemi paninga hei whakaroa i ngā hanganga Tukunga, ngā pirepire tukunga roa, ngā kāpūre tukunga roa. Ko ngā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana ko te methyl carboxymethyl cellulose me te ethyl carboxymethyl cellulose, pērā i te MC, e whakamahia pinepine ana hei hanga papa me ngā kāpūre, hei paninga rānei i ngā papa kua pania ki te huka. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā cellulose ether kounga teitei i roto i te umanga kai, ā, he whai hua hei whakamātotoru, hei whakaū, hei tāpiri, hei kaihoko pupuri wai me te kaihoko pahuka miihini i roto i ngā momo kai. Kua mōhiotia te methyl cellulose me te hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose he matū koretake o te pūnaha io. Ka taea te tāpiri i te carboxymethylcellulose (CMC) he tino parakore (neke atu i te 99.5%) ki te kai, pērā i te miraka me ngā hua kirīmi, ngā mea kakara, ngā tiamu, te tiēre, te kai kēne, te tirikara tēpu me ngā inu. Ka taea te whakamahi i te carboxymethyl cellulose neke atu i te 90% te parakore mō ngā āhuatanga kai, pērā i te kawe me te penapena i ngā hua hou. Ko ngā painga o tēnei momo takai kirihou he pai te pupuri i te hou, he iti ake te parahanga, kāore he kino, ā, he ngāwari te hanga mīhini.
(5) Ngā rauemi mahi whatu me te hiko
He tino parakore te pūmau whakamaroke irahiko o te cellulose ether, he pai te ātete ki te waikawa me te tote, inā koa he iti te ihirangi rino me te konganuku taumaha, nō reira he tino pumau te colloid, he pai mō ngā pākahiko kawakore, ngā pākahiko konutea-manganese. He maha ngā cellulose ether e whakaatu ana i te tioata wai wera. Ka hangaia e te hydroxypropyl cellulose acetate he tioata wai cholesteric wera i raro i te 164°C.
Wā tuku: Hanuere-12-2023