IHydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC)i-non-ionic cellulose ether, esetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni eminingi efana nempahla yokwakha, imithi, ukudla, okokugqoka kanye nezimonyo. Embonini yezokwakha, ikakhulukazi odakeni oluxubekile, i-adhesive tile, i-putty powder neminye imikhiqizo, i-HPMC iyinhlangano esebenza kahle kakhulu yokugcina amanzi, futhi ukugcinwa kwayo kwamanzi kunethonya elibalulekile ekwakhiweni, ukunamathela kanye nokusebenza kokugcina kwezinto.
1. Isakhiwo kanye nezakhiwo ze-HPMC
I-HPMC i-semi-synthetic polymer elungiswe ngokufaka i-etherification ye-cellulose yemvelo. Uhlaka lwawo lwamathambo oluyisisekelo luyiyunithi ye-β-D-glucose, futhi amanye amaqembu e-hydroxyl athathelwa indawo yi-methyl (–CH₃) ne-hydroxypropyl (–CH₂CHOHCH₃). Ngenxa yokwethulwa kwalezi zinto ezibambile, i-HPMC inokubili i-hydrophilicity kanye ne-hydrophobicity ethile, ngaleyo ndlela ikunika ukuncibilika okuhle kwamanzi nomsebenzi ongaphezulu.
Emanzini, i-HPMC ingenza isixazululo se-colloidal esine-viscosity ephezulu esinemisebenzi eminingi njengokujiya, ukumiswa, i-emulsification kanye nokwakheka kwefilimu. Phakathi kwazo, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu, ikakhulukazi odakeni lukasimende kanye nezinto ezenziwe nge-gypsum, ezidlala indima ebalulekile ekuvimbeleni ukuthi amanzi alahleke ngokushesha futhi athuthukise ukusebenza komsebenzi wokwakha.
2. Indlela yokugcina amanzi ye-HPMC
Umthelela wokugcina amanzi we-HPMC ubonakala kakhulu kulezi zici ezilandelayo:
2.1. Ukwakhiwa kwesakhiwo senethiwekhi enezinhlangothi ezintathu
I-HPMC ikhukhumala emanzini ukuze yakhe isixazululo se-viscous, futhi amaketango ayo e-polymer akha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esinezinhlangothi ezintathu ngokusebenzisa amabhondi e-hydrogen kanye nokuthandelwa. Lesi sakhiwo singabopha kahle amanzi, siguqule amanzi amahhala abe "amanzi aboshwe" noma "amanzi abophekile", ngaleyo ndlela sinciphise izinga lokufuduka kwamanzi futhi sidlale indima ekugcineni amanzi.
2.2. Khulisa i-viscosity yesistimu
Ngemuva kokuthi i-HPMC ichithwe emanzini, i-viscosity yesistimu ingakhula kakhulu. Imvelo yesigaba se-liquid ephezulu ye-viscosity inciphisa izinga lokufuduka kwamanzi emithonjeni ye-porous, inciphisa izinga lokulahlekelwa kwamanzi ku-substrate ebangelwa isenzo se-capillary, futhi ngaleyo ndlela ibambezela ukuhwamuka kwamanzi noma ukungena. Lokhu kubaluleke kakhulu ekuphenduleni kwe-cement hydration kanye nokugcinwa kodaka.
2.3. Ukwakhiwa kwefilimu kanye nomphumela wesithiyo
I-HPMC inezinto ezinhle zokwenza ifilimu. Ngesikhathi senqubo yokwakha, i-HPMC ingenza ifilimu elincane le-polymer phezu kodaka noma ukunamathela, okusebenza njengesithiyo somzimba. Le filimu ingavimba kancane ukuhwamuka kwamanzi, kuyilapho ivumela izinga elithile lomhwamuko ukuba lingene, ligcine indawo ezungezile enomswakama wangaphakathi, futhi likhuthaze ukuqina okuvamile kanye nokugeleza kwe-cementitious material.
2.4. I-Adsorption kanye nomsebenzi wokukhipha kancane
Isakhiwo samangqamuzana e-HPMC siqukethe amaqembu amaningi e-hydrophilic (njengamaqembu e-hydroxyl, amabhondi e-ether, njll.), angakha amabhondi e-hydrogen nama-molecule amanzi ukuze akhangise futhi asebenze "njengechibi lamanzi". Endaweni eyomile noma lapho kunomswakama onganele ngaphakathi kwempahla, i-HPMC kancane kancane idedela umswakama we-adsorbed ukuze kuzuzwe ukukhishwa kwamanzi okuphuma kancane. Lokhu kuziphatha kokukhululwa kancane kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa nokunamathela kodaka endaweni eyomile.
3. Izinto ezithinta umphumela wokugcina amanzi
Ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kuthintwa izici eziningi, ikakhulukazi okuhlanganisa amaphuzu alandelayo:
3.1. Ibanga le-viscosity
I-viscosity ye-HPMC ingenye yezinto ezibalulekile ezithinta umthamo wayo wokugcina amanzi. Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity ye-HPMC, kuqina ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi. I-viscosity ephezulu ye-HPMC ingakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi esiminyene kanye namandla okubopha amanzi aqinile. Kodwa-ke, i-viscosity ephezulu kakhulu ingase ithinte ukusebenza kwe-fluidity kanye nokwakhiwa kwempahla, ngakho-ke kuyadingeka ukukhetha ngokunengqondo ekusetshenzisweni okungokoqobo.
3.2. Izinga lokushintshwa kanye nesakhiwo samangqamuzana
Izinga lokushintsha (DS) kanye nokushintshwa kwe-molar (MS) ye-HPMC kuthinta i-hydrophilicity nokuncibilika kwayo, ngaleyo ndlela kuthinte ngokungaqondile ukusebenza kwayo kokugcinwa kwamanzi. Ngokuvamile, izinga elimaphakathi lokushintsha lingaqinisekisa ukuncibilika okuhle futhi lithuthukise ikhono lokubopha amanzi.
3.3. Umthamo
Umthamo we-HPMC unomthelela oqondile kumphumela wokugcina amanzi. Ngokukhuphuka komthamo, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi livame ukukhuphuka, kodwa ngemva kokweqa ububanzi obuthile, ukuthuthukiswa kokusebenza kuthanda ukugcwala, futhi kungase kubangele ngisho nokokusebenza ukuthi kube ne-viscous kakhulu noma ukubambezeleka ukuhlangana. Ngakho-ke, umthamo udinga ukuthuthukiswa kufomula.
3.4. Izinga lokushisa elizungezile kanye nomswakama
Ukwenyuka kwezinga lokushisa kuzosheshisa izinga lokuhwamuka kwamanzi, futhi ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC kumazinga okushisa aphezulu kuzokwehla. Ukwengeza, izici ze-gelation ezishisayo ze-HPMC (i-thermal coagulation zenzeka ngaphezu kuka-60 ° C) zingabangela i-viscosity yesisombululo yehle, kuthinte umphumela wokugcina amanzi. Ngakho-ke, endaweni yokwakha enezinga eliphezulu lokushisa, imodeli efanelekile ye-HPMC kufanele ikhethwe.
I-HPMC ivimbela ngempumelelo ukulahleka kwamanzi ngokushesha futhi ithuthukise amandla okugcina amanzi esistimu yezinto zokwakha ngokusebenzisa izindlela eziningi ezifana nokwandisa i-viscosity yesistimu, ukwakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi, ukumunca amanzi kanye nokwenza umgoqo wefilimu.Ukusebenza kokugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMCidlala indima ebalulekile ekuthuthukiseni ukusebenza komsebenzi wokwakha, ukwandisa amandla wezinto ezibonakalayo kanye nokwelula isikhathi esivulekile.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: May-14-2025