I-HPMC yodaka oluxubile olomile

Izici ze-HPMC kudaka olomile oluxubile

1, i-HPMC ezicini zodaka olujwayelekile

I-HPMC isetshenziswa kakhulu njenge-retarder kanye ne-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ngokwesilinganiso sikasimende. Ezingxenyeni zikakhonkolo nodaka, ingathuthukisa i-viscosity kanye nezinga lokuncipha, iqinise amandla okubopha, ilawule isikhathi sokumisa usimende, futhi ithuthukise amandla okuqala namandla aguquguqukayo amile. Ngenxa yokuthi inomsebenzi wokugcinwa kwamanzi, inganciphisa ukulahlekelwa kwamanzi ebusweni be-coagulation, ingagwema ukuvela kwemifantu emaphethelweni, futhi ingathuthukisa ukunamathela nokusebenza kokwakhiwa. Ikakhulukazi ekwakhiweni, ingandisa futhi ilungise isikhathi sokumisa, ngokukhuphuka komthamo we-HPMC, isikhathi sokusetha udaka seluliwe; Thuthukisa ukusebenza komshini kanye nokudonsa, kulungele ukwakhiwa kwemishini; Ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokwakhiwa futhi ivimbele isimo sezulu samasawoti ancibilikayo emanzini endaweni yesakhiwo.

2, i-HPMC ngezici ezikhethekile zodaka

I-HPMC iyi-ejenti esebenza kahle yokugcina amanzi odaka olomile, okunciphisa izinga lokopha kanye nezinga le-stratification lodaka futhi lithuthukise ukuhlangana kodaka. I-HPMC ingathuthukisa kakhulu amandla okubamba kanye namandla okubopha odaka, nakuba amandla okugoba namandla acindezelayo odaka ehliswa kancane yi-HPMC. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-HPMC ingavimbela ngokuphumelelayo ukwakheka kwemifantu yepulasitiki odakeni, inciphise inkomba yokuqhekeka kwepulasitiki yodaka, ukugcinwa kwamanzi odaka kukhuphuka ngokunyuka kwe-viscosity ye-HPMC, futhi lapho i-viscosity idlula i-100000mPa•s, ukugcinwa kwamanzi akusakhushulwa kakhulu. Ubucwebe be-HPMC buphinde bube nomthelela othile esilinganisweni sokugcinwa kwamanzi odaka, lapho izinhlayiya zilungile, izinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi kodaka liye lathuthukiswa, ngokuvamile elisetshenziselwa udaka lukasimende usayizi wezinhlayiyana ze-HPMC kufanele ube ngaphansi kwama-microns angu-180 (isikrini semeshi esingu-80). Okuqukethwe okufanele kwe-HPMC odakeni olomile kungu-1 ‰ ~ 3‰.

2.1, nosimende HPMC ngemva ziyoncibilika emanzini, ngoba phezu indima asebenzayo ukuqinisekisa impahla gelled ngempumelelo ukusatshalaliswa umfaniswano ohlelweni, futhi HPMC njengoba uhlobo colloid zokuzivikela, "iphakheji" izinhlayiya eziqinile, futhi ebusweni balo yangaphandle ukwakha ungqimba Lubrication ifilimu, ukwenza uhlelo slurry uzinze kakhudlwana, futhi waphakamisa inqubo udaka uketshezi njengoba nje ukwakheka uketshezi kungase kuphakame inqubo uketshezi.

2.2 Isixazululo se-HPMC ngenxa yezici zayo zesakhiwo samangqamuzana, ukuze amanzi asesimende angabi lula ukulahlekelwa, futhi akhishwe kancane kancane esikhathini eside, enikeza udaka nokugcinwa kwamanzi okuhle nokwakhiwa. Ivimbela amanzi ukuthi angahambi ngokushesha ukusuka odakeni kuya esisekelweni, ukuze amanzi agciniwe ahlale phezu kwezinto ezintsha, okukhuthaza ukugeleza kukasimende futhi kuthuthukise amandla okugcina. Ikakhulukazi, uma isikhombimsebenzisi esithintana nosimende, i-plaster ne-binder ilahlekelwa amanzi, le ngxenye ayinawo amandla futhi cishe awekho amandla okubopha. Ngokuvamile, ingaphezulu elithintana nalezi zinto liyizindikimba ezikhangayo, kancane kancane ukumunca amanzi athile ukusuka phezulu, okwenza le ngxenye ye-hydration ingaphelele, ukuze udaka lukasimende ne-ceramic tile substrate kanye nethayela le-ceramic noma ukhonkolo kanye namandla ebhondi ye-metope ehle.

Ekulungiseni udaka, ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC wukusebenza okuyinhloko. Kufakazelwe ukuthi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kungaba phezulu ku-95%. Ukwenyuka kwesisindo samangqamuzana e-HPMC kanye nethamo likasimende kuzothuthukisa ukugcinwa kwamanzi namandla ebhondi odaka.

Isibonelo: ngoba isibopho sethayela kufanele sibe namandla esibopho esiphezulu phakathi kwesisekelo nethayela, ngakho-ke isibophezelo sithintwa izici ezimbili zamanzi e-adsorption; Izindawo eziyisisekelo (udonga) namathayili. Ithayela le-ceramic elikhethekile, umehluko wekhwalithi mkhulu kakhulu, ezinye ze-pores zinkulu kakhulu, izinga lokumuncwa kwamanzi kwethayela le-ceramic liphezulu, ukuze ukusebenza kwebhondi kubhujiswe, i-ejenti yokugcina amanzi ibaluleke kakhulu, futhi ukungezwa kwe-HPMC kungahlangabezana kahle nale mfuneko.

2.3 I-HPMC izinzile kuma-acids nezisekelo, futhi isixazululo sayo esinamanzi sizinzile kakhulu ebangeni le-pH = 2 ~ 12. I-Caustic soda namanzi e-lime ayinawo umthelela omkhulu ezindaweni zayo, kodwa i-alkali ingasheshisa izinga lokuqedwa kwayo, futhi ithuthukise kancane i-viscosity.

I-2.4, yengeze ukusebenza kokwakhiwa kodaka lwe-HPMC kuye kwathuthukiswa kakhulu, udaka lubonakala "lunamafutha", lungenza amalunga odonga agcwale, abushelelezi, ukuze i-tile noma izitini kanye nesisekelo sokubopha ngokuqinile, futhi ingandisa isikhathi sokusebenza, esifanele indawo enkulu yokwakha.

2.5 I-HPMC iwuhlobo lwe-electrolyte engeyona i-ionic futhi engeyona i-polymeric. Izinzile kakhulu kusisombululo samanzi esinosawoti wensimbi nama-electrolyte ephilayo, futhi ingangezwa ezintweni zokwakha isikhathi eside ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthuthukiswa kwayo okuqinile.

Inqubo yokukhiqiza ye-HPMC ngokuyinhloko ifayibha kakotini (yasekhaya) ngemva kwe-alkalization, i-etherification kanye nokukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo ye-polysaccharide ether. Ayinayo inkokhiso ngokwayo, futhi ayiphenduli nge-ion ekhokhisiwe ku-gelled material, futhi ukusebenza kwayo kuzinzile. Intengo iphansi kunezinye izinhlobo ze-cellulose ether, ngakho-ke isetshenziswa kakhulu odakeni olomile.

I-Hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose I-HPMCumsebenzi odakeni olomile oluxubile:

I-HPMCkungenza udaka olusha lwengxube lujiye ukuze lube ne-viscosity ethile emanzi, ukuvimbela ukuhlukaniswa. Ukugcinwa kwamanzi (ukujiya) nakho kuyimpahla ebaluleke kakhulu, okusiza ukugcina inani lamanzi amahhala odakeni, ngaleyo ndlela kunikeza izinto zikasimende isikhathi esengeziwe sokumanzisa ngemva kokufakwa kodaka. (ukugcinwa kwamanzi) umoya wayo, ungethula amabhamuza amancane afanayo, uthuthukise ukwakhiwa kodaka.

IHydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether viscosity ukusebenza okukhulu kokugcinwa kwamanzi kungcono. I-Viscosity iyipharamitha ebalulekile yokusebenza kwe-HPMC. Njengamanje, abakhiqizi abahlukene be-HPMC basebenzisa izindlela namathuluzi ahlukene ukuze banqume i-viscosity ye-HPMC. Izindlela eziyinhloko ziyi-HaakeRotovisko, i-Hoppler, i-Ubbelohde ne-Brookfield, njll.

Ngomkhiqizo ofanayo, imiphumela ye-viscosity elinganiswa ngezindlela ezahlukene ihluke kakhulu, eminye ihluke kakhulu. Ngakho-ke, uma uqhathanisa i-viscosity, kufanele yenziwe phakathi kwendlela yokuhlola efanayo, kufaka phakathi izinga lokushisa, i-rotor, njll.

Ngosayizi wezinhlayiyana, ukucoleka kwezinhlayiyana, kuba ngcono nokugcinwa kwamanzi. Izinhlayiya ezinkulu ze-cellulose ether ezithintana namanzi, i-surface iyancibilika ngokushesha futhi yakha ijeli ukugoqa izinto ukuvimbela ama-molecule wamanzi ukuthi aqhubeke nokungena, ngezinye izikhathi isikhathi eside esishukumisayo asikwazi ukuhlakazwa ngokulinganayo, ukwakheka kwesisombululo se-flocculent esinodaka noma i-agglomerate. Ukunyibilika kwe-cellulose ether kungenye yezinto zokukhetha i-cellulose ether. I-Fineness futhi iyinkomba yokusebenza ebalulekile ye-methyl cellulose ether. I-MC yodaka olomile idinga impushana, okuqukethwe kwamanzi aphansi, nokucoleka kuka-20% ~ 60% usayizi wezinhlayiyana ngaphansi kuka-63um. Ubuhle buthinta ukunyibilika kwe-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose ether. I-coarse MC ivamise ukuba yi-granular futhi ingancibilika kalula emanzini ngaphandle kwe-agglomerating, kodwa isivinini sokuhlakazeka sihamba kancane, ngakho-ke ayifanele ukusetshenziswa odakeni olomile. Odakeni olomile, i-MC ihlakazwa phakathi kwe-aggregate, izigcwalisi ezinhle nezinto zikasimende ezifana nosimende, futhi impushana kuphela ekahle ngokwanele engagwema ukunqwabelana kwe-methyl cellulose ether lapho ixutshwa namanzi. Lapho i-MC ingeza amanzi ukuncibilikisa i-agglomerate, kunzima kakhulu ukuyihlakaza nokuyincibilikisa. I-MC ene-coarse fineness ayigcini nje ngokuchithwa, kodwa futhi inciphisa amandla wendawo wodaka. Uma udaka olomile olunjalo lwakhiwe endaweni enkulu, isivinini sokuphulukisa sodaka olomile lwendawo sincipha kakhulu, okuholela ekuqhekekeni okubangelwa isikhathi sokuphulukisa esihlukile. Ngodaka lokufafaza ngomshini, ngenxa yesikhathi esifushane sokuxuba, ubuhle buphakeme.

Ngokuvamile, ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, kuba ngcono umphumela wokugcina amanzi. Kodwa-ke, lapho i-viscosity iphezulu, isisindo se-molecule ye-MC siphezulu, futhi ukusebenza kokuhlakazeka kuzokwehla ngokuhambisanayo, okunomthelela omubi emandleni nasekusebenzeni kokwakhiwa kodaka. Ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, umphumela wokujiya we-mortar ubonakala, kodwa awulingani nobuhlobo. Ukuphakama kwe-viscosity, udaka olumanzi luyoba lunamathele kakhulu, kokubili ukwakhiwa, ukusebenza kwe-scraper enamathelayo kanye nokunamathela okuphezulu kwesisekelo. Kodwa akusizi ukwandisa amandla esakhiwo sodaka olumanzi. Ngamanye amazwi, ukusebenza kwe-anti-sag akubonakali ngesikhathi sokwakhiwa. Ngokuphambene, i-viscosity ethile ephansi kodwa i-methyl cellulose ether eshintshiwe inokusebenza okuhle kakhulu ekuthuthukiseni amandla esakhiwo sodaka olumanzi.

Ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-HPMC nakho kuhlobene nezinga lokushisa lokusetshenziswa, futhi ukugcinwa kwamanzi kwe-methyl cellulose ether kuncipha ngokunyuka kwezinga lokushisa. Kodwa ekusetshenzisweni kwezinto ezibonakalayo, izindawo eziningi zodaka olomile ngokuvamile zizoba sezingeni lokushisa eliphezulu (ngaphezulu kwama-degrees angu-40) ngaphansi kwesimo sokwakhiwa endaweni eshisayo, njengokufakwa kwehlobo kwe-putty plastering yangaphandle, okuvame ukusheshisa ukuqina kukasimende nokuqina kodaka olomile. Ukwehla kwezinga lokugcinwa kwamanzi kuholela emuzweni osobala wokuthi kokubili ukwakheka nokumelana nokuqhekeka kuyathinteka. Kulesi simo, ukunciphisa ithonya lezici lokushisa kuba okubaluleke kakhulu. Mayelana nalokhu, isengezo se-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose ether njengamanje sithathwa njengesihamba phambili ekuthuthukisweni kobuchwepheshe. Ngisho nokwenyuka komthamo we-methyl hydroxyethyl cellulose (ifomula yasehlobo), ukumelana nokwakhiwa nokuqhekeka akukakwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusetshenziswa. Ngokwelashwa okuthile okukhethekile kwe-MC, njengokwandisa izinga lokufakwa kwe-etherification, umphumela wokugcina amanzi we-MC ungagcina umphumela ongcono ngaphansi kwezinga lokushisa eliphezulu, ukuze ukwazi ukunikeza ukusebenza okungcono ngaphansi kwezimo ezinzima.

I-General HPMC inezinga lokushisa lejeli, lingahlukaniswa cishe libe ngu-60, 65, 75 uhlobo. Ukuze uthole udaka olujwayelekile oluxubene usebenzisa amabhizinisi esihlabathi somfula kwakungcono ukhethe izinga lokushisa eliphezulu lejeli elingu-75 HPMC. Umthamo we-HPMC akufanele ube phezulu kakhulu, uphakeme kakhulu uzokwandisa isidingo samanzi sodaka, uzonamathela ku-plaster, isikhathi se-condensation side kakhulu, sithinte ukwakhiwa. Imikhiqizo ehlukene yodaka ikhetha i-viscosity ehlukile ye-HPMC, ungasebenzisi nje i-viscosity ephezulu ye-HPMC. Ngakho-ke, nakuba imikhiqizo ye-hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose imihle, kodwa kuhle ukukhetha i-HPMC efanele kuwumthwalo wemfanelo oyinhloko wabasebenzi baselabhorethri bebhizinisi. Njengamanje, kunenqwaba yabathengisi abangekho emthethweni enkomponi ene-HPMC, ikhwalithi impofu kakhulu, ilabhorethri kufanele ibe ekukhethweni kwe-cellulose ethile, yenza ukuhlolwa okuhle, uqinisekise ukuzinza kwemikhiqizo yodaka, ungafisi ezishibhile, okubangela ukulahlekelwa okungadingekile.