I. Uhlolojikelele
Njengenye yezinto zokusetshenziswa zokumboza, inani lezithasiselo ngokuvamile lincane kakhulu (ngokuvamile liba ngu-1% wengqikithi yokwakheka), kodwa umphumela muhle. Ukwengezwa kwayo akukwazi ukugwema kuphela amaphutha amaningi okugcoba kanye nokukhubazeka kwefilimu, kodwa futhi kwenza inqubo yokukhiqiza nokwakhiwa kwe-coating kulula ukuyilawula, futhi ukungezwa kwezithasiselo ezithile kunganikeza ukumboza ngemisebenzi ethile ekhethekile. Ngakho-ke, izithasiselo ziyingxenye ebalulekile yokugqoka.
2. Ukuhlukaniswa kwezithasiselo
Izithasiselo ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zokumboza zihlanganisa ama-agent anti-settling, ama-thickeners, ama-leveling ejenti, ama-ejenti okulawula amagwebu, abagqugquzeli bokunamathela, ama-ejenti okumanzisa nokuwahlakaza, njll.
3. Ukusebenza kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo
(1) I-ejenti ye-anti-settleling ephilayo
Iningi lale mikhiqizo lisekelwe kuma-polyolefin, ahlakazwe kwenye i-solvent, ngezinye izikhathi iguqulwa nge-derivative oil castor. Lezi zithako ziza ngezinhlobo ezintathu: uketshezi, unamathisele, kanye nempushana.
1. Izici ze-Rheological:
Umsebenzi oyinhloko we-rheological we-organic anti-settling agents ukulawula ukumiswa kwezingulube - okungukuthi, ukuvimbela ukuxazulula kanzima noma ukugwema ukuxazulula ngokuphelele, okuyisicelo sabo esivamile. Kepha ekusebenzeni, kubangela ukwanda kwe-viscosity kanye nezinga elithile lokumelana ne-sag, ikakhulukazi embotsheni yezimboni. Ama-agent anti-settling e-organic azoncibilika ngenxa yokushisa okuphakeme, ngaleyo ndlela alahlekelwe ukusebenza kwawo, kodwa i-rheology yawo izolulama njengoba uhlelo luphola.
2. Ukusetshenziswa kwe-organic anti-settleling agent:
Ukuze wenze i-ejenti ephikisayo isebenze ngokuphumelelayo ekugqokeni, kufanele ihlakazwe kahle futhi isebenze. Izinyathelo ezithile zimi kanje:
(1) Ukumanzisa (impushana eyomile kuphela). I-powder eyomile ye-organic anti-sedimentation agent iyinhlanganisela, ukuze ihlukanise izinhlayiya komunye nomunye, kufanele imanziswe yi-solvent kanye (noma) ne-resin. Ngokuvamile kwanele ukuyengeza ku-slurry yokugaya ngokunyakazisa okumaphakathi.
(2) I-Deagglomeration (impushana eyomile kuphela). Amandla okuhlanganisa ama-organic anti-sedimentation agents awanamandla kakhulu, futhi ukuxubana okunesiyaluyalu okulula kwanele ezikhathini eziningi.
(3) Ukuhlakazeka, ukushisa, ubude besikhathi sokuhlakazeka (zonke izinhlobo). Wonke ama-organic anti-sedimentation agents anezinga lokushisa elincane lokusebenzisa, futhi uma lingafinyelelwanga, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi amandla ahlakazayo makhulu kangakanani, ngeke kube khona umsebenzi we-rheological. Izinga lokushisa lokusebenzisa lincike ku-solvent esetshenzisiwe. Uma izinga lokushisa elincane leqiwe, ingcindezi esetshenzisiwe izovula i-organic anti-sedimentation ejenti futhi inikeze ukudlala okuphelele ekusebenzeni kwayo.
(2) Isijiya
Kunezinhlobo ezahlukene zama-thickeners asetshenziswa kumapende asuselwa ku-solvent kanye namanzi. Izinhlobo ezivamile zama-thickeners asetshenziswa ekuhlanganisweni kwamanzi yilezi: ama-cellulose ethers, ama-polyacrylates, ama-associative thickeners kanye nama-thickeners we-inorganic.
1. I-cellulose ether thickener esetshenziswa kakhulu i-hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC). Kuye nge-viscosity, kunezincazelo ezahlukene. I-HEC iwumkhiqizo oncibilikayo emanzini oyimpuphu, okuwukuqina okungeyona i-ionic. Inomphumela omuhle wokujiya, ukumelana namanzi okuhle kanye nokumelana ne-alkali, kodwa ububi bayo ukuthi kulula ukukhula isikhunta, ukubola, futhi inempahla esezingeni eliphansi.
2. I-polyacrylate thickener i-acrylate copolymer emulsion enokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwe-carboxyl, futhi isici sayo esikhulu kunazo zonke ukumelana kwayo kahle nokuhlasela kwesikhunta. Uma i-pH ingu-8-10, lolu hlobo lokuqina luyavuvuka futhi lukhulise i-viscosity yesigaba samanzi; kodwa uma i-pH ingaphezu kuka-10, iyancibilika emanzini futhi ilahlekelwe umphumela wayo wokujiya. Ngakho-ke, kunokuzwela okukhulu ku-pH. Njengamanje, amanzi e-ammonia yiwona osetshenziswa kakhulu ukuguqula i-pH kumapende e-latex e-China. Ngakho-ke, uma lolu hlobo lwe-thickener lusetshenziswa, inani le-pH lizokwehla ngokushintshashintsha kwamanzi e-ammonia, futhi umphumela wawo wokujiya uzokwehla.
3. Ama-thickeners associative anezinqubo ezihlukene zokujiya kwezinye izinhlobo zokujiya. Ama-thickeners amaningi aletha i-viscosity ngokusebenzisa i-hydration kanye nokwakhiwa kwesakhiwo sejeli esibuthakathaka ohlelweni. Kodwa-ke, ama-associative thickeners, njengama-surfactants, anazo zombili izingxenye ze-hydrophilic kanye nezingxenye zamafutha okuhlanza aphuzi ezinomlomo ku-molecule. Izingxenye ze-hydrophilic zingafakwa emanzini futhi zivuvuke ukuze zishubise isigaba samanzi. Amaqembu okuphela kwe-lipophilic angahlanganiswa nezinhlayiya ze-emulsion kanye nezinhlayiya ze-pigment. hlanganisa ukwakha isakhiwo senethiwekhi.
4. I-thickener ye-inorganic imelelwa yi-bentonite. Ngokuvamile i-bentonite esekelwe emanzini iyakhukhumala lapho ithatha amanzi, futhi ivolumu ngemva kokumunca amanzi izikhathi eziningana umthamo wayo wokuqala. Ayigcini nje ngokusebenza njenge-thickener, kodwa futhi ivimbela ukucwila, ukugoqa, nombala ontantayo. Umphumela wawo wokujiya ungcono kunalowo we-alkali-swellable acrylic kanye ne-polyurethane thickeners ngenani elifanayo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, futhi inohlu olubanzi lokuguquguquka kwe-pH, ukuzinza okuhle kweqhwa kanye nokuzinza kwebhayoloji. Ngenxa yokuthi ayinawo ama-surfactants ancibilikayo emanzini, izinhlayiya ezinhle zefilimu eyomile zingavimbela ukufuduka kwamanzi nokusabalalisa, futhi zingathuthukisa ukumelana kwamanzi kwefilimu yokugqoka.
(3) i-ejenti yokulinganisa
Kunezinhlobo ezintathu eziyinhloko zama-ejenti okulinganisa ezivame ukusetshenziswa:
1. I-ejenti yokulinganisa yohlobo lwe-polysiloxane eguquliwe
Lolu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokulinganisa lunganciphisa kakhulu ukungezwani kwendawo yokumboza, luthuthukise ukumanzisa kokugqoka ku-substrate, futhi kuvimbele ukuncipha; inganciphisa umehluko wokungezwani kwendawo ebusweni befilimu emanzi ngenxa yokuguquguquka kwe-solvent, ithuthukise isimo sokugeleza kwendawo, futhi yenze Upende ulinganiswe ngokushesha; lolu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokulinganisa lungabuye lwakha ifilimu elincane kakhulu futhi elibushelelezi ebusweni befilimu yokugqoka, ngaleyo ndlela ithuthukise ukushelela nokucwebezela kwendawo yefilimu yokugqoka.
2. I-ejenti yokulinganisa ye-resin ye-long-chain enokuhambisana okulinganiselwe
Okufana ne-acrylate homopolymer noma i-copolymer, enganciphisa ukungezwani kwendawo yokumboza kanye ne-substrate ngezinga elithile ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukumanzi nokuvimbela ukushwabana; futhi ingakha izinga elilodwa lamangqamuzana ebusweni befilimu yokwemboza ukuze kwandiswe ukungezwani kwendawo yokumboza i-Homogenize, ithuthukise i-fluidity yangaphezulu, ivimbele isivinini sokushintshashintsha kwe-solvent, iqede amaphutha afana nekhasi lewolintshi namamaki ebhulashi, futhi wenze ifilimu yokumboza ibe bushelelezi futhi ilingane.
3. I-ejenti yokulinganisa ene-solvent yamaphuzu abilayo aphezulu njengengxenye eyinhloko
Lolu hlobo lwe-ejenti yokulinganisa lungalungisa izinga lokushintshashintsha kwesincibilikisi, ukuze ifilimu enamathelayo ibe nezinga lokuguquguquka elilinganiselwe kanye ne-solvency phakathi nenqubo yokomisa, futhi ivimbele ukugeleza kwefilimu enamathelayo ekutheni kuthiywe ukushibilika kwe-solvent ngokushesha kakhulu futhi i-viscosity iphezulu kakhulu, okuholela ekulevelini okubi okungalungile okubangelwa ukuncipha kwesisekelo, futhi ukuncibilika kungavimbela ukuncipha kwesisekelo. imvula ebangelwa ukushibilika kwe-solvent ngokushesha okukhulu.
(4) I-ejenti yokulawula igwebu
Ama-agent okulawula amagwebu abizwa nangokuthi ama-antifoaming agents noma ama-defoaming agents. Ama-anti-Foaming agents avimbela noma abambezele ukwakheka kwegwebu: Ama-anti-foaming agents aqhuma amabhamuza akheke. Umehluko phakathi kwalokhu kokubili kuwumbono kuphela ngokwezinga elithile, i-defoamer ephumelelayo ingaphinde ivimbele ukwakheka kwegwebu njenge-agent ye-antifoam. Ngokuvamile, i-antifoaming ejenti yakhiwa izingxenye ezintathu eziyisisekelo: inhlanganisela esebenzayo (okungukuthi, i-ejenti esebenzayo); i-ejenti yokusabalalisa (iyatholakala noma cha); umthwali.
(5) Izinto ezimanzisa nezizihlakazayo
Ama-ejenti okumanzisa nokuwahlakaza angase abe nemisebenzi eminingi, kodwa imisebenzi emibili eyinhloko ukunciphisa isikhathi kanye/noma amandla adingekayo ukuze kuphothulwe inqubo yokuhlakazwa kuyilapho kusimamisa ukuhlakazeka kwe-pigment. Ama-ejenti wokumanzisa kanye nama-disperants ngokuvamile ahlukaniswa ngokulandelayo
Izigaba ezinhlanu:
1. I-ejenti yokumanzisa i-anionic
2. I-Cationic wetting agent
3. Electroneutral, amphoteric ukumanzisa ejenti
4. I-ejenti yokumanzisa esebenza kabili, engeyona ekagesi
5. I-ejenti yokumanzisa engeyona i-ionic
Izinhlobo ezine zokuqala zama-ejenti wokumanzisa nama-dispersants zingadlala indima yokumanzisa futhi zisize ukuhlakazeka kwe-pigment ngoba iziphetho zazo ze-hydrophilic zinamandla okwakha izibopho zomzimba nezamakhemikhali ngobuso be-pigment, imiphetho, amakhona, njll., futhi ziqhubekele ku-Orientation yendawo ye-pigment, ngokuvamile ukuphela kwe-hydrophobic. Ama-agent we-Nonionic wetting and dispersing agents aqukethe namaqembu okuphela kwe-hydrophilic, kodwa awakwazi ukwakha izibopho zomzimba nezamakhemikhali endaweni ye-pigment, kodwa angahlangana namanzi adsorbed phezu kwezinhlayiya ze-pigment. Lawa manzi abophezela endaweni yezinhlayiyana ze-pigment akazinzile futhi aholela ekumunceni okungeyona i-ionic kanye nokuncibilika. I-desorbed surfactant kulolu hlelo lwe-resin imahhala futhi ivame ukudala imiphumela engemihle efana nokungazweli kahle kwamanzi.
I-ejenti yokumanzisa kanye ne-dispersant kufanele yengezwe phakathi nenqubo yokuhlakazeka kwe-pigment, ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuthi ezinye izinto ezisebenzayo ezingaphezulu zingase zithintane eduze ne-pigment ukuze zidlale indima yazo ngaphambi kokufinyelela ebusweni bezinhlayiya ze-pigment.
Ezine. Isifinyezo
I-coating iyisistimu eyinkimbinkimbi. Njengengxenye yesistimu, izithasiselo zengezwa ngenani elincane, kodwa zidlala indima ebalulekile ekusebenzeni kwayo. Ngakho-ke, lapho uthuthukisa izigqoko ezisekelwe ku-solvent, yiziphi izithasiselo okufanele zisetshenziswe kanye nomthamo wazo kufanele zinqunywe ngenani elikhulu lokuhlolwa okuphindaphindiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Jan-30-2023