Kwenzeka ntoni xa ikhonkrithi imanzi kakhulu?

1. Intshayelelo

Ekhonkrithililitye lembombo lolwakhiwo lwangoku. Ukusuka kwiindlela kunye neebhulorho ukuya kumakhaya kunye nezakhiwo eziphakamileyo, ukuqina kwayo kunye nokuguquguquka kwayo kwenza ibe sisixhobo sokwakha esithandwayo kwihlabathi jikelele. Nangona kunjalo, ukusebenza kwekhonkrithi kuxhomekeke kakhulu kwimixube yayo. Enye yezona zinto zibalulekileyo ngumlinganiselo wamanzi ukuya kwisamente (w/c). Ngelixa amanzi eyimfuneko kwi-hydration kunye nokusebenza, ubuninzi bawo bunokukhokelela kubuninzi beengxaki.KimaCell® iphonononga okwenzekayo xa ikhonkrithi imanzi kakhulu, ivavanya iziphumo kumandla, ukuqina, ubuhle, kunye nokusebenza kwexesha elide.

2. Indima yaManzi kwiConcrete

Amanzi akwikhonkrithi asebenza ngeenjongo ezininzi:

• Iqalisa ukusabela kweekhemikhali ngesamente (hydration)
• Ukwandisa ukusebenza kakuhle kokubekwa kunye nokugqiba
• Iququzelela ukuxinana kunye nokudibanisa

Nangona kunjalo, kuphela malunga ne-25-30% yamanzi ngobunzima besamente efunekayo ukuze kufakwe amanzi apheleleyo. Nawaphi na amanzi ongezelelweyo anyusa umlinganiselo we-w / c kwaye ahlambulule umxube, ukuphazamisa imveliso yokugqibela.

3. Ukuqonda umlinganiselo wamanzi ukuya kwisamente

Umlinganiselo we-w/c ngumlinganiselo wobunzima bamanzi kubunzima beisamente esetyenziswa kumxube wekhonkrithi. Umlinganiselo ophantsi ukhokelela kumandla aphezulu kunye nokuqina kodwa kuncitshiswe ukusebenza. Umlinganiselo ophezulu uphucula ukusebenza kodwa unciphisa amandla kunye nokwandisa i-porosity. Ulungelelwaniso olufanelekileyo luqheleke ukusuka ku-0.4 ukuya ku-0.6 kuninzi lwezicelo zesakhiwo.

4. Iimpawu zeConcrete eManzi Ngokugqithisileyo

Xa ikhonkrithi imanzi kakhulu, kuvela iimpawu ezininzi zokuxela:

• Ukopha kakhulu (amanzi anyukela phezulu)
• Ukwahlulwa kwee-aggregates kunyeintlama yesamente
• Ixesha lokumisela elicothayo
• Amaxabiso ethontsi angaphezulu kunelikhankanyiweyo
• Umphezulu we-laitance okanye ukugqiba uthuli

5. Iimpembelelo kuMandla oxinzelelo

Amandla oxinzelelo yeyona propati ibaluleke kakhulu yekhonkrithi kwizicelo zesakhiwo. Ukugqithisa kwamanzi kukhokelela ekunyuseni kwe-capillary porosity, eyenza buthathaka i-matrix. Uphando lubonisa ukuba ukunyuka kwe-w / c ratio ukusuka kwi-0.4 ukuya kwi-0.6 kunokunciphisa amandla oxinzelelo ukuya kuthi ga kwi-30%. Le lahleko ibeka emngciphekweni umthamo wokuthwala kwaye inokubangela ukusilela kwesakhiwo kwangaphambi kwexesha.

6. Impembelelo ekuZinziseni

Ukuqina kubhekiselele kubuchule bekhonkrithi bokumelana neemeko zemo engqongileyo ezinje ngemijikelo yokunyibilika komkhenkce, ukuba sesichengeni kwiikhemikhali, kunye nokuqhawuka. Amanzi amaninzi anyusa ukungeneka, okwenza ikhonkrithi ibe sesichengeni:

• Ukungena kwe-chloride kunye nentsimbi yokuqinisa i-corrosion
• Ukuhlaselwa kwesulfate kunye ne-alkali-silica reaction
• Ukungena kobumanzi kukhokelela kumonakalo owenziwe ngumkhenkce

7. Ukuqhekeka kunye nokuncipha

Isiqulatho samanzi esiphezulu sibangela ukomisa okukhulu ukushwabana njengoko umxube ulahlekelwa ngamanzi angaphezulu. Oku kukhokelela ekubeni:

• Ukuncipha kweplastiki ukuqhekeka
• Ukomisa iintanda zokuncipha
• Ukuhlanya (ukuqhekeka komphezulu ocolekileyo)

Ezi ziqhekeko zinciphisa ingqibelelo kunye ne-aesthetics yekhonkrithi kwaye ingaba yimizila yamanzi kunye neekhemikhali.

8. Iintsilelo zoMphezulu

Imixube emanzi ikholisa ukuba nesiphumo sokungagqibeki komphezulu ngenxa yoku:

• Ukopha kunye ne-laitance
• Ukugalela uthuli (umaleko womphezulu obuthathaka othanda ukunxitywa)
• Ukubambelela kakubi kweengubo kunye nokugqiba

Iziphene ezinjalo azikho nje ubuhle kodwa ziyasebenza, ngakumbi kwimigangatho kunye neepavumente.

9. Ukumisela ixesha kunye neMiba yokuNyanga

Ngokugqithisileyoikhonkrithi emanzikuthatha ixesha elide ukuseta. Ixesha elongeziweyo lokuseta lizenza nzima iishedyuli zokwakha kwaye kunokubangela ukunganyangeki ngokwaneleyo. Ukunyangwa okungafanelekanga kunokukhokelela ekubeni:

• Ukunyuswa kwamanzi okungaphelelanga
• Uphuhliso lwamandla olubi
• Ukuqhekeka komphezulu

10. Ukwahlula kunye neNyosi

Amanzi agqithisileyo anokubangela ukuba ii-aggregates ezinzima zizinze ngelixa intlama yesamente ekhaphukhaphu iphakama, okukhokelela kucalucalulo. Oku kubangela:

• Ukucanda ubusi (ukuvalwa ngaphakathi kwekhonkrithi)
• Ukuhanjiswa okungafaniyo kwezinto
• Ukunciphisa imfezeko yesakhiwo

11. Iinkxalabo zokuSebenza kwexesha elide

Ikhonkrithi emanzi kakhulu inokudlula kuhlolo lokuqala kodwa ichaphazeleke:

• Ubomi obuncitshisiweyo
• Ukuqala kokuwohloka kwangoko
• Ukonyuka kweendleko zokugcina

Le miba idla ngokuvela kwiminyaka kamva, nto leyo eyenza ukuba ulawulo lokuxubana kwangethuba lubaluleke kakhulu.

12. Umngcipheko woKhuseleko kunye noLwakhiwo

Amalungu okwakhiwa kwekhonkrithi ebuthathaka abeka umngcipheko omkhulu:

• Iikholamu kunye nemiqadi isenokungaxhasi imithwalo yoyilo
• Imiphezulu eqhekekileyo okanye echanekileyo inokubenzakalisa abahlali
• Ukukhawuleza ukubola kokuqiniswa kunokukhokelela ekuweni

13. Impembelelo yezoQoqosho

Ukusebenzisa amanzi amaninzi kumxube kunokunciphisa iindleko zexesha elifutshane ngokuphucula ukusebenza, kodwa iimpembelelo zoqoqosho zexesha elide ziquka:

• Iindleko zokulungisa kunye nokulungisa
• Amatyala asemthethweni
• Ukunciphisa ubomi benkonzo

14. IiNdlela eziLungileyo zokuNqanda iConcrete eManzi ngokugqithisileyo

Ukuthintela amanzi amaninzi:

• Sebenzisaizinciphisi zamanzi or iiplasticizers
• Qesha i-batching elawulwayo kunye nokuxuba
• Yenza iimvavanyo ze-slump kwaye ulungelelanise umxholo wamanzi ngokufanelekileyo
• Fundisa abasebenzi abakwisiza malunga nokuhambelana komxube

Amanzi likrele elintlangothi-mbini kwikhonkrithi. Ngelixa kubalulekile kumanzi kunye nokusebenza, amanzi angaphezulu abeka esichengeni phantse yonke impahla enqwenelekayo yekhonkrithi eqinileyo. Ukusuka kumandla ancitshisiweyo kunye nokuqina ukuya kokuqhekeka okwandisiweyo kunye neziphene zomhlaba, iingozi zekhonkrithi emanzi kakhulu zibalulekile. Ngokuqonda iziphumo kunye nokusebenzisa uyilo olululo lomxube kunye nolawulo lomgangatho, le mingcipheko inokuncitshiswa, iqinisekisa ulwakhiwo oluhlala ixesha elide nolukhuselekileyo.

At Kima Chemical, sibonelela ngomgangatho ophezuluizongezo zebakala lolwakhiwokuquka:

HPMC(Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose)- yokugcina amanzi kunye nokusebenza kakuhle

I-MHEC(iMethyl Hydroxyethyl Cellulose) -ilungele i-viscosity engaguqukiyo kunye nesicelo esigudileyo

iRDP(Redispersible Polymer Powder)- yokuphucula amandla okudibanisa, ukuguquguquka, kunye nokumelana nokuqhekeka
Nokuba wenza ikhonkrithi ukwenzela ukugqibezela okugudileyo, ukulinganisa okurhabaxa, okanye usetyenziso olubhetyebhetye kwiinkqubo zangoku zokugquma,Kima Chemicalizongezo zikunceda ukuba uhambise ixesha elide, iimveliso eziphezulu zokusebenza abathengi bakho banokuthembela kuzo.