Adipic Dihydrazide

Adipic Dihydrazide(ADH) yikhemikhali ephuma kuyoi-adipic acidkwaye iqukethe amaqela amabini e-hydrazide (-NH-NH₂) efakwe kwisakhiwo se-adipic acid. Iqhele ukusetyenziswa njengendawo ephakathi kwimichiza edityanisiweyo kwaye idlala indima ebalulekileyo kwizicelo ezahlukeneyo zemizimveliso kunye nophando. Apha ngezantsi, ndiza kubonelela ngesishwankathelo sekhompawundi, iimpawu zayo, usetyenziso, kunye nodibaniso.

1. Yintoni i-Adipic Dihydrazide (ADH)?

I-Adipic Dihydrazide (ADH)iphuma kwii-adipic acid, i-dicarboxylic acid esetyenziswa ngokuqhelekileyo, kunye namaqela amabini asebenzayo e-hydrazide (-NH-NH₂) eqhotyoshelwe kuyo. Ikhompawundi idla ngokumelwa yifomulaC₆H₁₄N₄O₂kwaye inobunzima bemolekyuli malunga ne-174.21 g/mol.

I-Adipic Dihydrazide yi-aemhlophe yikristale eqinileyo, enyibilikayo emanzini nasetywaleni. Ulwakhiwo lwalo lubandakanya umbindii-adipic acidumqolo (C₆H₁₀O₄) kunye nezimbiniamaqela e-hydrazide(-NH-NH₂) eqhotyoshelwe kumaqela e-carboxyl ye-adipic acid. Esi sakhiwo sinika ikhompawundi ukusebenza kwakhona okukhethekileyo kwaye siyenze ilungele ukusetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino.

2. Iimpawu zeMichiza ye-Adipic Dihydrazide

• Ifomula yeemolekyuli: C₆H₁₄N₄O₂
• Ubunzima beMolekyuli: 174.21 g/mol
• Imbonakalo: Umgubo omhlophe wekristale okanye oqinileyo
• Ukunyibilika: Inyibilika emanzini, utywala; enganyibilikiyo kwizinyibilikisi eziphilayo
• Indawo yokunyibilika: Malunga. 179°C
• I-Chemical Reactivity: Amaqela amabini e-hydrazide (-NH-NH₂) anika i-ADH i-reactivity ephawulekayo, eyenza ibe luncedo kwiimpendulo ze-cross-linking, njenge-intermediate ye-polymerization, kunye nokudala ezinye ii-derivatives ezisekelwe kwi-hydrazone.

3. Ukwenziwa kweAdipic Dihydrazide

Udibaniso lweAdipic Dihydrazideibandakanya ukusabela okuthe ngqo phakathii-adipic acidkwayeihydrazine hydrate. Impendulo iqhubeka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

1. Ukusabela ngeHydrazine: I-Hydrazine (NH₂-NH₂) iphendula nge-adipic acid kwiqondo lokushisa eliphakamileyo, ithatha indawo ye-carboxyl (-COOH) amaqela e-adipic acid kunye namaqela e-hydrazide (-CONH-NH₂), okwenzaAdipic Dihydrazide.

   
   $I-Adipic\; acid(HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-COOH)+2Hydrazine(NH2-NH2)\to Adipic\; Dihydrazide(HOOC-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-CONH-NH2)\}isicatshulwa\{Adi\; (HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-COOH)\; +\; 2\; \backslash umbhalo\{Hydrazine\}\; (NH₂-NH₂)\; \backslash rightarrow\; \backslash umbhalo\{Adipic\; Dihydrazide\}\; (HOOC-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CH₂-CONH-NH₂)$

   IAdipic acid(HOOC−CH2−CH2−CH2−CH2−COOH)+2Hydrazine(NH2−NH2​)→Adipic Dihydrazide(HOOC−CH2−CH2−CH2−CH2−CH2−2CONH−2CONH))

2. Ukusulungekiswa: Emva kwempendulo,Adipic Dihydrazideihlanjululwe nge-recrystallization okanye ezinye iindlela zokususa nayiphi na i-hydrazine engaphendulwanga okanye i-byproducts.

4. Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Adipic Dihydrazide

Adipic Dihydrazideinosetyenziso oluninzi olubalulekileyo kwiukuhlanganiswa kweekhemikhali, amayeza, i-polymer chemistry, kunye nokuninzi:

a. Ukuveliswa kwePolymer kunye neResin

I-ADH isetyenziswa rhoqo kwiukuhlanganiswa kwe-polyurethanes, iintlazi epoxy, kunye nezinye izinto zepolymeric. Amaqela e-hydrazide kwi-ADH enza ukuba isebenzei-arhente edibanisayo, ukuphucula iiimpawu zoomatshinikwayeukuzinza kwe-thermaliipolymers. Umzekelo:

• Iingubo zepolyurethane: I-ADH isebenza njenge-hardener, iphucula ukuqina kunye nokuchasana kweengubo.
• Polymer cross-linking: Kwi-polymer chemistry, i-ADH isetyenziselwa ukwenza amanethiwekhi amakhonkco e-polymer, ukuphucula amandla kunye nokuqina.

b. Ishishini lezamayeza

Kwiishishini lamachiza, i-ADH isetyenziswa njengephakathikwi-synthesis ye-bioactive compounds.IiHydrazones, eziphuma kwi-hydrazides ezifana ne-ADH, ziyaziwa ngokubaumsebenzi webhayoloji, kuquka:

• Ukuchasana nokudumba
• Umhlaza
• I-Antimicrobialiipropati. I-ADH idlala indima ebalulekileyo ekufumaneni iziyobisi kunyechemistry yonyango, inceda ukuyila iiarhente ezintsha zonyango.

c. Agrochemicals

I-Adipic Dihydrazide ingasetyenziswa kwimveliso yeimichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, amayeza okubulala izinambuzane, kwayeimichiza yokungunda. Ikhompawundi isetyenziselwa ukwenza iimveliso ezahlukeneyo ze-agrochemical ezikhusela izityalo kwizinambuzane kunye nezifo.

d. Ishishini leMilaphu

Kwiishishini lamalaphu, i-ADH isetyenziselwa ukuveliswa kweefayili eziphezulu kunye neendwangu. Isetyenziselwa uku:

• Ukomeleza ukomelela kwefayibha: I-ADH cross-links i-polymer chains kwi-fibers, ukuphucula iimpawu zabo zemishini.
• Ukuphucula ukuxhathisa ukunxiba: Iindwangu eziphathwe nge-ADH zibonisa ukuqina okungcono, okwenza ukuba zilungele izicelo ezinzima.

e. Iingubo kunye neepeyinti

KwiIshishini leengubo kunye neepeyinti, i-ADH isetyenziswa njengei-arhente edibanisayoukuphucula ukusebenza kwepeyinti kunye neengubo. Iyakwandisa iukumelana neekhemikhali, ukuzinza kwe-thermal, kwayeukuqinayokwambathisa, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zifaneleke ngakumbi kwiindawo ezirhabaxa ezifanaiimotokwayeizicelo zoshishino.

f. Uphando nophuhliso

I-ADH nayo isetyenziswa kwiiilabhoratri zophandoukudibanisa iikhompawundi ezintsha kunye nemathiriyeli. Ukuguquguquka kwayo njengendawo ephakathiorganic synthesisiyenza ixabiseke kuphuhliso lwe:

• Iikhompawundi ezisekelwe kwi-Hydrazone
• Iimathiriyeli zenoveliezineempawu ezizodwa
• Ukusabela kwamachiza okutshakunye neendlela zokwenziwa.

5. Ukhuseleko kunye nokuphathwa kwe-Adipic Dihydrazide

Njengamachiza amaninzi,Adipic Dihydrazidekufuneka iphathwe ngononophelo, ngakumbi ngexesha lokudityaniswa kwayo. Imigaqo yokhuseleko kufuneka ilandelwe ukuthintela naziphi na iingozi ezinxulumene nokusetyenziswa kwayo:

• Isixhobo soKhuseleko soMntu (PPE): Nxiba iiglavu, iiglasi, kunye needyasi zelebhu ukunqanda ukudibana kwesikhumba namehlo.
• Ukungenisa umoya ngokufanelekileyo: Sebenza nge-ADH kwindawo enomoya omhle okanye i-fume hood ukuze ugweme ukuphefumla nayiphi na imiphunga okanye uthuli.
• Ugcino: Gcina i-ADH kwindawo epholileyo, eyomileyo, kude nemithombo yokushisa kunye nezinto ezingahambelaniyo.
• Ukulahlwa: Ukulahla i-ADH ngokuhambelana nemigaqo yendalo kunye nokhuseleko lwendawo ukuze ugweme ukungcoliseka.

Adipic Dihydrazide(ADH) yikhemikhali ebalulekileyo ephakathi esetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo, kubandakanywaamayeza, ezolimo, impahla, iingubo, kwayei-polymer chemistry. I-reactivity yayo eguquguqukayo, ngokukodwa ngenxa yobukho bamaqela asebenzayo e-hydrazide, yenza ukuba ibe yinto ebalulekileyo yokwakha isiseko sokudala uluhlu olubanzi lweekhemikhali, izinto eziphathekayo, kunye nezithako ezisebenzayo zamachiza.

Njengoko zombini ai-arhente edibanisayokwayephakathikwi-organic synthesis, i-ADH iyaqhubeka nokudlala indima ebalulekileyo ekuphuhliseni ubugcisa obutsha kunye nezinto eziphathekayo, okwenza kube yinto enomdla kakhulu kumacandelo amaninzi.